The Applied Cognitive Science Lab

Computational models of memory presented in this issue reflect varied empirical data and levels of representation. From mathematical models to neural and cognitive architectures‚ all aim to converge on a unified theory of the mind.

@article{reitter2017introduction,
title = {Introduction to the {Issue} on {Computational} {Models} of {Memory}: {Selected} {Papers} {From} the {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
volume = {9},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/reitterRip.pdf},
doi = {10.1111/tops.12249},
number = {1},
journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science},
author = {Reitter, David and Ritter, Frank E.},
year = {2017},
pages = {48--50}
}

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1111/tops.12249| volume = 9| issue = 1| pages = 48–50| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Ritter| first2 = Frank E.| title = Introduction to the Issue on Computational Models of Memory: Selected Papers From the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| journal = Topics in Cognitive Science| date = 2017}}

Wang, Y., Reitter, D., & Yen, J. (2017). How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment. In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer.

SBP-BRiMS

Linguistic alignment in text-based communication means that people tend to adjust their language use to one another both in terms of word choice and sentence structure. Previous studies about linguistic alignment suggested that these two forms of adaptation are correlated with each other‚ and that they build up to alignment at a higher representational level‚ such as pragmatic alignment for support functions. Two types of social support have been identified as important for online health communities (OHCs): emotional and informational support between support seekers and support providers. Do the two lower-level alignment measures (lexical and syntactic) relate to these two types of social support in the same way or‚ are they different? Our hypothesis was that they are similar‚ due to their correlation relationship. However‚ we found that‚ based on an analysis of a 10-year online forum for cancer survivors‚ the lower-level alignment measures have distinct relationships to the two higher-level support functions. In this paper‚ we describe this finding and its implications regarding potential refinement of the Inter- active Alignment Model.

@inproceedings{wang2017how,
address = {Washington, D.C.},
series = {{LNCS}},
title = {How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/wang2017emotional.pdf},
booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Springer},
author = {Wang, Yafei and Reitter, David and Yen, John},
year = {2017}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| conference = SBP-BRiMS| last1 = Wang| first1 = Yafei| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Yen| first3 = John| title = How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment| booktitle = Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling| location = Washington, D.C.| series = LNCS| date = 2017}}

Wang, Yafei, David Reitter, and John Yen. “How Emotional Support and Informational Support Relate to Linguistic Alignment.” Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer, 2017. Web. LNCS.

Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2017). Spectral Analysis of Information Density in Dialogue Predicts Collaborative Task Performance. In Proceedings of the 55th Annual Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Vancouver, Canada.

ACL

We propose a perspective on dialogue that focuses on relative information contributions of conversation partners as a key to successful communication. We predict the success of collaborative task in English and Danish corpora of task-oriented dialogue. Two features are extracted from the frequency domain representations of the lexical entropy series of each interlocutor‚ power spectrum overlap (PSO) and relative phase (RP). We find that PSO is a negative predictor of task success‚ while RP is a positive one. An SVM with these features significantly improved on previous task success prediction models. Our findings suggest that the strategic distribution of information density between interlocutors is relevant to task success.

@inproceedings{xu2017spectral,
address = {Vancouver, Canada},
title = {Spectral {Analysis} of {Information} {Density} in {Dialogue} {Predicts} {Collaborative} {Task} {Performance}},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/xu2017spectral.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 55th {Annual} {Mtg}. of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}},
author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David},
year = {2017}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = ACL| last1 = Xu| first1 = Yang| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Spectral Analysis of Information Density in Dialogue Predicts Collaborative Task Performance| booktitle = Proceedings of the 55th Annual Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics| location = Vancouver, Canada| date = 2017}}

Xu, Yang, and David Reitter. “Spectral Analysis of Information Density in Dialogue Predicts Collaborative Task Performance.” Proceedings of the 55th Annual Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Vancouver, Canada: N.p., 2017. Web.

Cole, J., Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2017). Is Word Adoption a Grassroots Process? An Analysis of Reddit Communities. In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer.

SBP-BRiMS

This study examines how novel words originate in and disperse through online communities. It asks whether larger numbers of people or closer social ties are better environments to foster the adoption of new words. The data stem from Reddit‚ a large sample of web-mediated‚ asynchronous conversations. Reddit communities are divided by size in this study: larger communities are based on discussing general topics and have weak social ties‚ whereas small communities are based on discussing specific topics and have strong social ties. The analysis shows that the majority of new words are created / first adopted in larger communities.

@inproceedings{cole2017is,
address = {Washington, D.C.},
series = {{LNCS}},
title = {Is {Word} {Adoption} a {Grassroots} {Process}? {An} {Analysis} of {Reddit} {Communities}},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2017wordadoption.pdf},
booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Springer},
author = {Cole, Jeremy and Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David},
year = {2017}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| conference = SBP-BRiMS| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Ghafurian| first2 = Moojan| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Is Word Adoption a Grassroots Process? An Analysis of Reddit Communities| booktitle = Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling| location = Washington, D.C.| series = LNCS| date = 2017}}

Cole, Jeremy, Moojan Ghafurian, and David Reitter. “Is Word Adoption a Grassroots Process? An Analysis of Reddit Communities.” Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer, 2017. Web. LNCS.

Kelly, M. A., Reitter, D., & West, R. L. (2017). Degrees of Separation in Semantic and Syntactic Relationships. In Proc 15th. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Warwick, UK.

ICCM

Computational models of distributional semantics can analyze a corpus to derive representations of word meanings in terms of each word’s relationship to all other words in the corpus. While these models are sensitive to topic (e.g.‚ tiger and stripes) and synonymy (e.g.‚ soar and fly)‚ the models have limited sensitivity to part of speech (e.g.‚ book and shirt are both nouns). By augmenting a holographic model of semantic memory with additional levels of representations‚ we present evidence that sensitivity to syntax is supported by exploiting associations between words at varying degrees of separation. We find that sensitivity to associations at three degrees of separation reinforces the relationships between words that share part-of-speech and improves the ability of the model to construct grammatical sentences. Our model provides evidence that semantics and syntax exist on a continuum and emerge from a unitary cognitive system.

@inproceedings{kelly2017degrees,
address = {Warwick, UK},
title = {Degrees of {Separation} in {Semantic} and {Syntactic} {Relationships}},
booktitle = {Proc 15th. {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
author = {Kelly, Matthew A. and Reitter, David and West, Robert L.},
year = {2017}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = ICCM| last1 = Kelly| first1 = Matthew A.| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = West| first3 = Robert L.| title = Degrees of Separation in Semantic and Syntactic Relationships| booktitle = Proc 15th. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Warwick, UK| date = 2017}}

Kelly, Matthew A., David Reitter, and Robert L. West. “Degrees of Separation in Semantic and Syntactic Relationships.” Proc 15th. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Warwick, UK: N.p., 2017. Print.

Cole, J., Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2017). Linking Memory Activation and Word Adoption in Social Language Use via Rational Analysis. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. London, UK.

ICCM

This paper investigates how cognition facilitates the adoption of new words through a study of the large-scale Reddit corpus‚ which contains written‚ threaded conversations conducted over the internet. Parameters for the cognitive architecture are estimated. Using ACT-R’s account of declarative memory‚ the activation of memory chunks representing words is traced and compared to usage statistics sampled from a year of data. Potential values for decay and retrieval threshold are identified according to model fit and growth rates of word adoption. The resulting estimate for the decay parameter‚ d‚ is 0.22‚ and the estimate for the retrieval threshold parameter‚ rt‚ lies between 3.4 and 4.5.

@inproceedings{cole2017linking,
address = {London, UK},
title = {Linking {Memory} {Activation} and {Word} {Adoption} in {Social} {Language} {Use} via {Rational} {Analysis}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
author = {Cole, Jeremy and Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David},
year = {2017}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = ICCM| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Ghafurian| first2 = Moojan| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Linking Memory Activation and Word Adoption in Social Language Use via Rational Analysis| booktitle = Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = London, UK| date = 2017}}

Cole, Jeremy, Moojan Ghafurian, and David Reitter. “Linking Memory Activation and Word Adoption in Social Language Use via Rational Analysis.” Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. London, UK: N.p., 2017. Print.

Cole, J., & Reitter, D. (2017). Examining Working Memory during Sentence Construction with an ACT-R Model of Grammatical Encoding. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. London, UK.

ICCM

We examine working memory use and incrementality using a cognitive model of grammatical encoding. Our model com- bines an empirically validated framework‚ ACT-R‚ with a lin- guistic theory‚ Combinatory Categorial Grammar‚ to target that phase of language production. By building the model with the Switchboard corpus‚ it can attempt to realize a larger set of sentences. With this methodology‚ different strategies may be compared according to the similarity of the model’s sentences to the test sentences. In this way‚ the model can still be evalu- ated by its fit to human data‚ without overfitting to individual experiments. The results show that while having more work- ing memory available improves performance‚ using less work- ing memory during realization is correlated with a closer fit‚ even after controlling for sentence complexity. Further‚ sen- tences realized with a more incremental strategy are also more similar to the corpus sentences as measured by edit distance. As high incrementality is correlated with low working mem- ory usage‚ this study offers a possible mechanism by which incrementality can be explained.

@inproceedings{cole2017examining,
address = {London, UK},
title = {Examining {Working} {Memory} during {Sentence} {Construction} with an {ACT}-{R} {Model} of {Grammatical} {Encoding}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
author = {Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David},
year = {2017}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = ICCM| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Examining Working Memory during Sentence Construction with an ACT-R Model of Grammatical Encoding| booktitle = Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = London, UK| date = 2017}}

Cole, Jeremy, and David Reitter. “Examining Working Memory during Sentence Construction with an ACT-R Model of Grammatical Encoding.” Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. London, UK: N.p., 2017. Print.

Reitter, D. (2017). Alignment in Web-based Dialogue: Who Aligns, and how Automatic is it? Studies in Big-Data Computational Psycholinguistics. In M. N. Jones (Ed.), Big Data in Cognitive Science. Routledge Psychology Press.

@incollection{reitter2017alignment,
series = {Frontiers of {Cognitive} {Psychology}},
title = {Alignment in {Web}-based {Dialogue}: {Who} {Aligns}, and how {Automatic} is it? {Studies} in {Big}-{Data} {Computational} {Psycholinguistics}},
booktitle = {Big {Data} in {Cognitive} {Science}},
publisher = {Routledge Psychology Press},
author = {Reitter, David},
editor = {Jones, Michael N.},
year = {2017}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Routledge Psychology Press| editors = Michael N. Jones (ed.)| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Big Data in Cognitive Science| chapter = Alignment in Web-based Dialogue: Who Aligns, and how Automatic is it? Studies in Big-Data Computational Psycholinguistics| series = Frontiers of Cognitive Psychology| date = 2017}}

Ororbia II, A. G., Reitter, D., & Giles, C. L. (2017, March). The Temporal Neural Coding Network: Towards Lifelong Language Learning. Presented at the 11th Annual Machine Learning Symposium, The New York Academy of Sciences.

We present a novel lifelong neural architecture‚ the Temporal Neural Coding Network (TNCN)‚ and its learning algorithm‚ for uncovering multiple levels of distributed representations for language data streams. The TNCN model adapts its parameters iteratively as new samples are observed without resorting to the popular‚ but expensive back-propagation through time procedure needed to calculate gradients for recurrent neural networks‚ notably requiring no unrolling of internally defined recurrence relations. Furthermore‚ we integrate concepts from variational encoder-decoder models‚ such as those in [1]‚ to easily demonstrate how uncertainty can be characterized in the model’s next step predictions. We discuss how the proposed TNCN works specifically on language-based tasks formulated in the streaming setting‚ compared to various neural models‚ as well as how the TNCN may be easily adapted to other real-time tasks‚ such as video sequence modeling‚ yielding a natural framework for online multi-modal and online semi-supervised learning.

@misc{ororbia_ii_temporal_2017,
address = {The New York Academy of Sciences},
title = {The {Temporal} {Neural} {Coding} {Network}: {Towards} {Lifelong} {Language} {Learning}},
author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Reitter, David and Giles, C. Lee},
month = mar,
year = {2017}
}

{{Cite paper| last1 = Ororbia II| first1 = Alexander G.| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Giles| first3 = C. Lee| title = The Temporal Neural Coding Network: Towards Lifelong Language Learning| location = The New York Academy of Sciences| date = 2017-03}}

Ororbia II, Alexander G., David Reitter, and C. Lee Giles. “The Temporal Neural Coding Network: Towards Lifelong Language Learning.” 11th Annual Machine Learning Symposium. The New York Academy of Sciences. 2017.

2016

Kennedy, W. G., St. Amant, R., & Reitter, D. (2016). Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to CMOT special issue: BRiMS 2013. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 22(1), 1–3.

Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory

@article{kennedy2016behavior,
title = {Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to {CMOT} special issue: {BRiMS} 2013},
volume = {22},
url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10588-015-9194-9},
number = {1},
journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory},
author = {Kennedy, William G. and St. Amant, Robert and Reitter, David},
year = {2016},
pages = {1--3}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 22| issue = 1| pages = 1–3| last1 = Kennedy| first1 = William G.| last2 = St. Amant| first2 = Robert| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to CMOT special issue: BRiMS 2013| journal = Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory| date = 2016}}

D’Orazio, V., Kenwick, M., Lane, M., Palmer, G., & Reitter, D. (2016). Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict. PLOS ONE, 11(6), e0156527. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156527

PLOS ONE

@article{dorazio2016crowdsourcing,
title = {Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict},
volume = {11},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dorazio2016conflict.pdf},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0156527},
number = {6},
journal = {PLOS ONE},
author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David},
year = {2016},
pages = {e0156527}
}

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0156527| volume = 11| issue = 6| pages = –0156527| last1 = D'Orazio| first1 = Vito| last2 = Kenwick| first2 = Michael| last3 = Lane| first3 = Matthew| last4 = Palmer| first4 = Glenn| last5 = Reitter| first5 = David| title = Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict| journal = PLOS ONE| date = 2016}}

Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2016). Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective. In Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Vol. 1 (Long Papers), pp. 537–546). Berlin, Germany: Association for Computational Linguistics.

ACL

The applicability of entropy rate constancy to dialogue is examined on two spoken dialogue corpora. The principle is found to hold; however‚ new entropy change patterns within the topic episodes of dialogue are described‚ which are different from written text.
Speaker’s dynamic roles as topic initiators and topic responders are associated with decreasing and increasing entropy‚ respectively‚ which results in local convergence between these speakers in each topic episode.
This implies that the sentence entropy in dialogue is conditioned on different contexts determined by the speaker’s roles.
Explanations from the perspectives of grounding theory and interactive alignment are discussed‚ resulting in a novel‚ unified information-theoretic approach of dialogue.

@inproceedings{xu2016entropy,
address = {Berlin, Germany},
title = {Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective},
volume = {1 (Long Papers)},
url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P16-1051},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David},
year = {2016},
pages = {537--546}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| conference = ACL| volume = 1 (Long Papers)| pages = 537–546| last1 = Xu| first1 = Yang| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective| booktitle = Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics| location = Berlin, Germany| date = 2016}}

Xu, Yang, and David Reitter. “Entropy Converges between Dialogue Participants: Explanations from an Information-Theoretic Perspective.” Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. 1 (Long Papers). Berlin, Germany: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2016. 537–546. Web.

Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2016). Convergence of Syntactic Complexity in Conversation. In Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Vol. 2 (Short Papers), pp. 443–448). Berlin, Germany: Association for Computational Linguistics.

ACL

Using corpus data of spoken dialogue‚ we examine the convergence of syntactic complexity levels between interlocutors in natural conversations‚ as it occurs within spans of topic episodes.
The findings of general convergence in the Switchboard and BNC corpora are compatible with an information-theoretic model of dialogue and with Interactive Alignment Theory.

@inproceedings{xu2016convergence,
address = {Berlin, Germany},
title = {Convergence of {Syntactic} {Complexity} in {Conversation}},
volume = {2 (Short Papers)},
url = {http://anthology.aclweb.org/P16-2072},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David},
year = {2016},
pages = {443--448}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| conference = ACL| volume = 2 (Short Papers)| pages = 443–448| last1 = Xu| first1 = Yang| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Convergence of Syntactic Complexity in Conversation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics| location = Berlin, Germany| date = 2016}}

Xu, Yang, and David Reitter. “Convergence of Syntactic Complexity in Conversation.” Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. 2 (Short Papers). Berlin, Germany: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2016. 443–448. Web.

Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2016). Impatience induced by waiting: An effect moderated by the speed of countdowns. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems. Brisbane, Australia: ACM.

DIS

Countdowns and progress bars provide computer users with estimates of remaining wait times. These types of feedback are intended to manage their expectations and allow users to direct attention elsewhere. We suggest that they also moderate user’s impatience‚ which affects decision-making in the subsequent task. In an experiment with 421 participants‚ impatience in a timing decision task was effectively and systematically manip- ulated through a countdown‚ as it affected timing and performance of the user’s actions in the task. The effect persisted even after users gained task experience. More rapid countdowns reduced impatience. Post-hoc analysis also showed increased task satisfaction with rising countdown speed and suggested greater task satisfaction with a rapid countdown than with no waiting period at all.

@inproceedings{ghafurian2016impatience,
address = {Brisbane, Australia},
title = {Impatience induced by waiting: {An} effect moderated by the speed of countdowns},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ghafurian2016DIS.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2016 {ACM} {Conference} on {Designing} {Interactive} {Systems}},
publisher = {ACM},
author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David},
year = {2016}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = ACM| conference = DIS| last1 = Ghafurian| first1 = Moojan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Impatience induced by waiting: An effect moderated by the speed of countdowns| booktitle = Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems| location = Brisbane, Australia| date = 2016}}

Ghafurian, Moojan, and David Reitter. “Impatience Induced by Waiting: An Effect Moderated by the Speed of Countdowns.” Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems. Brisbane, Australia: ACM, 2016. Web.

Cole, J., Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2016). How people talk about armed conflicts: An analysis of Reddit data. In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling (pp. 366–376). Washington, D.C.: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7_35

SBP-BRiMS

Armed conflicts around the world produce displacement‚ in- jury‚ and death. This study examines how anonymous and pseudony- mous Internet commenters discuss such conflicts. Specifically‚ we ask how permissible it is to express positive or negative sentiments about these conflicts as a function of variables including region‚ conflict nature‚ and severity. Data from the Armed Conflicts Database is aggregated to identify a number of potential factors that may influence views on ac- ceptable sentiments. A large-scale sample of the Reddit comment forum was coded for positive and negative sentiments using sentiment analy- sis techniques. Permissibility is judged using the Reddit voting features. Regressions reveal that positive sentiments are found not permissible for higher numbers of fatalities‚ and that negative sentiments are found permissible for certain regions‚ more permissible for older conflicts‚ and less permissible for territorial conflicts. A number of alternative‚ non- correlated predictors are presented.

@inproceedings{cole2016how,
address = {Washington, D.C.},
series = {{LNCS} 9708},
title = {How people talk about armed conflicts: {An} analysis of {Reddit} data},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2016armedconflicts.pdf},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7_35},
booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Springer},
author = {Cole, Jeremy and Xu, Ying and Reitter, David},
year = {2016},
pages = {366--376}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| doi = 10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7_35| conference = SBP-BRiMS| pages = 366–376| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Xu| first2 = Ying| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = How people talk about armed conflicts: An analysis of Reddit data| booktitle = Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling| location = Washington, D.C.| series = LNCS 9708| date = 2016}}

Cole, Jeremy, Ying Xu, and David Reitter. “How People Talk about Armed Conflicts: An Analysis of Reddit Data.” Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer, 2016. 366–376. Web. LNCS 9708.

Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2016). Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women’s timing decisions. In Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci) (pp. 1223–1228). Philadelphia, PA: Cognitive Science Society.

Decisions over the timing of actions are critical in several safety‚ security and healthcare scenarios. These decisions‚ sim- ilar to discrete decisions‚ can be influenced by biases and individual traits. In this paper‚ a bias of impatience is studied in an experiment with 626 participants‚ with a focus on gender differences. Impatience was moderated with a manipula- tion of a variable-speed countdown. Men and women differed in how they expressed impatience. While men systematically and irrationally act earlier when become impatient following the slower countdowns‚ women react by irrationally requesting earlier information about the outcome of each trial‚ and impulsively pressing an inactive key.

@inproceedings{ghafurian2016gender,
address = {Philadelphia, PA},
title = {Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women's timing decisions},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ghafurian2016cogsci.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 38th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society} ({CogSci})},
publisher = {Cognitive Science Society},
author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David},
year = {2016},
pages = {1223--1228}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society| pages = 1223–1228| last1 = Ghafurian| first1 = Moojan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women's timing decisions| booktitle = Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci)| location = Philadelphia, PA| date = 2016}}

Reitter, D., & Ritter, F. E. (Eds.). (2016). Proceedings of ICCM 2016: 14th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. University Park, PA: Penn State.

@book{reitter2016proceedings,
address = {University Park, PA},
title = {Proceedings of {ICCM} 2016: 14th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Penn State},
editor = {Reitter, David and Ritter, Frank E.},
year = {2016}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Penn State| others = David Reitter, Frank E. Ritter (eds.)| title = Proceedings of ICCM 2016: 14th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = University Park, PA| date = 2016}}

Xu, K. S., Reitter, D., Lee, D., & Osgood, N. (Eds.). (2016). Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. 9th International Conference, SBP-BRiMS 2016. Switzerland: Springer.

doi://10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7

SBP-BRiMS

@book{xu2016social,
address = {Switzerland},
series = {{LNCS}},
title = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}. 9th {International} {Conference}, {SBP}-{BRiMS} 2016},
shorttitle = {{SBP}-{BRiMS}},
url = {https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7},
number = {9708},
publisher = {Springer},
editor = {Xu, Kevin S. and Reitter, David and Lee, Dongwon and Osgood, Nathaniel},
year = {2016},
note = {doi://10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| others = Kevin S. Xu, David Reitter, Dongwon Lee, Nathaniel Osgood (eds.)| title = Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. 9th International Conference, SBP-BRiMS 2016| location = Switzerland| series = LNCS| date = 2016}}

Xu, Kevin S. et al., eds. Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. 9th International Conference, SBP-BRiMS 2016. Switzerland: Springer, 2016. Web. LNCS 9708.

Cole, J., Reitter, D., & Liu, Y. (2016). Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception. Poster presentation presented at the International Meeting of Psychonomic Society, Grenada, Spain.

@misc{cole2016symmetry,
address = {Grenada, Spain},
type = {Poster presentation},
title = {Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception},
author = {Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David and Liu, Yanxi},
year = {2016}
}

{{Cite paper| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Liu| first3 = Yanxi| title = Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception| location = Grenada, Spain| date = 2016}}

Liu, Y., Cole, J., & Reitter, D. (2016). Human Visual Perception of the 17 Wallpaper-Group Patterns using Timed Trials. Oral presentation presented at the Vision Sciences Society Sixteenth Annual Meeting, Florida.

Most literature on symmetry perception has focused on bilateral reflection symmetry‚ with some suggesting that it is the only type of symmetry humans can perceive (Wilson&Wilkinson‚ Vis. Res. 42(5)‚ 2002). Using image-stimuli generated from mathematically well-defined 17 wallpaper groups (Kohler et al.‚ J. Neurosci.‚ in press) and timed trials‚ we seek to demonstrate that humans can discriminate various symmetries found in 2D wallpaper patterns (Liu‚ et al Found.&Trends in Comp.Graph.&Vis.‚ 2010). Furthermore‚ we examine which features play an essential role in wallpaper pattern perception. The features include: reflection‚ maximum order of rotation‚ glide reflection‚ tile shape and subgroup distance‚ referring to the shortest path between the two wallpaper groups in the group hierarchy. We recruited 106 individuals (Amazon Mechanical Turks) to compare three images (target‚ probe‚ probe) and to choose the probe most similar to the target within five seconds. Each participant performed 272 (=17x16) trials. Participants compare among all possible wallpaper group pairs. Every group comparison except one is distinguishable (p< 0.05); all are likely distinguishable (p< 0.10). After modeling every defining feature of symmetry groups using linear mixed-effects regression (GLMM)‚ we used AIC selection to compare models. Our selected model includs subgroup distance‚ 3-fold rotation‚ 4-fold rotation‚ and the T1 and D1 axes. Even in a model with all other features‚ subgroup distance is a significant additional predictor (p< 0.0001). This distance measure has shown to be a better proxy describing human perceptual processes than individual features. This suggests that the mathematically motivated symmetry group hierarchy may be a valid model of pattern perception.

@misc{liu2016human,
address = {Florida},
type = {oral presentation},
title = {Human {Visual} {Perception} of the 17 {Wallpaper}-{Group} {Patterns} using {Timed} {Trials}},
author = {Liu, Yanxi and Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David},
year = {2016}
}

{{Cite paper| last1 = Liu| first1 = Yanxi| last2 = Cole| first2 = Jeremy| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Human Visual Perception of the 17 Wallpaper-Group Patterns using Timed Trials| location = Florida| date = 2016}}

Reitter, D., Ghafurian, M., & Grossklags, J. (2016). Systematic, individual and situational biases in timing decisions. Oral presentation presented at the International Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Grenada, Spain.

We study personal and general biases in timing decisions‚ which concern practically common continuous decisions about when to act when facing external uncertainty and dynamic risk. In a series of experiments using a two-player game called FlipIt‚ we studied the influence of individual difference variables of Risk Propensity (RP) and Need for Cognition (NfC) and of manipulations that induce impatience. Participants make several timing decisions per round‚ which aim to counteract the hidden actions made by an opponent. The opponent’s actions become visible only after the participant’s choices have been made. Earlier actions are riskier‚ but a rational time point‚ maximizing utility‚ can be defined. Two experiments were run with a total of 450 participants from a general population that were compensated to incentivize maximizing payoff. RP and NfC were obtained with standardized instruments. Participants with RP around the population average benefitted from higher NfC levels (p<0.01). We also found a general impatience bias that advanced timing independent of RP. With increasing task experience‚ models of linear impatience become better predictors of timing bias than risk-dependent ones. In a further experiment with 422 participants‚ impatience was manipulated by showing slow or fast-changing countdowns during a constant delay period. Timing (vs. rational strategy) was retarded or advanced‚ with fast countdowns reducing impatience (p<0.01) and accelerating countdowns yielding closer-to-rational performance even than the control (no delay at all). We conclude that timing decisions are affected by interacting risk and deep-processing preferences as well as situational impatience biases.

@misc{reitter2016systematic,
address = {Grenada, Spain},
type = {oral presentation},
title = {Systematic, individual and situational biases in timing decisions},
author = {Reitter, David and Ghafurian, Moojan and Grossklags, Jens},
year = {2016}
}

{{Cite paper| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Ghafurian| first2 = Moojan| last3 = Grossklags| first3 = Jens| title = Systematic, individual and situational biases in timing decisions| location = Grenada, Spain| date = 2016}}

2015

Paik, J., Kim, J. W., Ritter, F. E., & Reitter, D. (2015). Predicting User Performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the Herbal compiler. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 22(5), Article No. 25.

ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction

We report a way to build a series of GOMS-like cognitive user models representing a range of performance at different stages of learning. We use a spreadsheet task across multiple sessions as an example task; it takes about 20–30 min. to perform. The models were created in ACT-R using a compiler. The novice model has 29 rules and 1‚152 declarative memory task elements (chunks)—it learns to create procedural knowledge to perform the task. The expert model has 617 rules and 614 task chunks (that it does not use) and 538 command string chunks—it gets slightly faster through limited declarative learning of the command strings and some further production compilation; there are a range of intermediate models. These models were tested against aggregate and individual human learning data‚ confirming the models’ predictions. This work suggests that user models can be created that learn like users while doing the task.

@article{paik2015predicting,
title = {Predicting {User} {Performance} and learning in human-computer interaction with the {Herbal} compiler},
volume = {22},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/paikKRRip.pdf},
number = {5},
journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction},
author = {Paik, J. and Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Reitter, D.},
year = {2015},
pages = {Article No. 25}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 22| issue = 5| pages = –25| last1 = Paik| first1 = J.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Reitter| first4 = D.| title = Predicting User Performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the Herbal compiler| journal = ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction| date = 2015}}

Kim, J. W., & Ritter, F. E. (2015). Learning, forgetting, and relearning for menu- and keystroke-driven tasks: Relearning is important. Human-Computer Interaction, 30(1), 1–33.

Human-Computer Interaction

This paper investigates performance change arising through learning‚ forgetting‚ and relearning.
Participants learned a spreadsheet task with either keystroke-driven (keyboard‚ n = 30) or mousebased
menu-driven (mouse‚ n = 30) commands. Their performance confirmed the power law of
practice. The keyboard users learned to complete the task faster than the mouse users on the last
learning session (Day 4). At a 6-day retention interval‚ the mouse users were observed to forget
more—they took more time to complete the task than the keyboard users. Interestingly‚ the
participants in the two modality groups showed no significant differences in their forgetting
under the retention of 12 and 18 days. With additional practice‚ the mouse group users with the
6-day retention relearned more—they significantly reduced the time to complete the task in
comparison to the keyboard group. The experiment with these two modality groups helps
understand why people may choose to use a mouse-driven graphical user interface (GUI) rather
than a keystroke-driven interface—people choosing to use a mouse-based menu-driven interface
may not need to use a knowledge-in-the-head strategy but knowledge-in-the-world‚ and may be
doing so because this strategy provides better relearning‚ rather than because it is faster or easier
initially or because it is better for learning or forgetting. This helps provide a richer explanation
of why menu-driven interfaces (knowledge-in-the-world) are more ubiquitous‚ and suggests
when they can be replaced‚ e.g.‚ where use is infrequent but often enough that forgetting does not
occur. Our results provide preliminary suggestions for choosing optimal training strategies and
supporting these strategies in terms of the three stages of learning and forgetting.

@article{kim2015learning,
title = {Learning, forgetting, and relearning for menu- and keystroke-driven tasks: {Relearning} is important},
volume = {30},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimRip.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {Human-Computer Interaction},
author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2015},
pages = {1--33}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 30| issue = 1| pages = 1–33| last1 = Kim| first1 = J. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Learning, forgetting, and relearning for menu- and keystroke-driven tasks: Relearning is important| journal = Human-Computer Interaction| date = 2015}}

Dancy, C. L., Ritter, F. E., Berry, K., & Klein, L. C. (2015). Using a cognitive architecture with a physiological substrate to represent effects of psychological stress on cognition. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 21(1), 90–114.

Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory

CMOT

Adding a physiological representation to cognitive architectures offers an attractive approach to modeling the effects of stress on cognition. We introduce ACT-RΦ‚ an extended version of the ACT-R cognitive architecture that includes an integrative physiological model. The extension allows the representation of non-linear physiological effects on cognition‚ and cognitive effects on physiology. This additional physiological substrate was used to represent potential effects of a startle response during a mental arithmetic (subtraction) task. We compare predic- tions from models loaded into the new hybrid architecture to models previously developed with- in the ACT-R architecture; the ACT-R models use parameter value sets to represent the effects of task-based stress on cognition during a subtraction task. General behavior differed between models in that the new models run in ACT-RΦ exhibited dynamic declarative memory noise over the course of the task‚ i.e. memory noise changed across time. The models run in ACT-RΦ also exhibited a lower percentage of subtraction problems answered correctly during the task as well as a higher number of responses; this more closely matched human performance than the previous ACT-R models. Using these models within ACT-RΦ allows a more tractable integration of current physiological and cognitive perspectives on stress. ACT-RΦ also permits further exploration of the interaction between cognition and physiology‚ and the emergent effects on behavior caused by the interaction among physiological subsystems. This extension is useful for anyone exploring how the human mind can occur in the physical universe.

@article{dancy_c._l._using_2015,
title = {Using a cognitive architecture with a physiological substrate to represent effects of psychological stress on cognition},
volume = {21},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/dancyRBip.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory},
author = {{Dancy, C. L.} and {Ritter, F. E.} and {Berry, K.} and {Klein, L. C.}},
year = {2015},
pages = {90--114}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 21| issue = 1| pages = 90–114| last1 = Dancy, C. L.| last2 = Ritter, F. E.| last3 = Berry, K.| last4 = Klein, L. C.| title = Using a cognitive architecture with a physiological substrate to represent effects of psychological stress on cognition| journal = Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory| date = 2015}}

Zhao, C., Kaulakis, R., Morgan, J. H., Hiam, J. W., Ritter, F. E., Sanford, J., & Morgan, G. P. (2015). Building social networks out of cognitive blocks: Factors of interest in agent-based socio-cognitive simulations. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 21(2), 115–149.

Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory

This paper examines how cognitive and environmental factors influence the formation of dyadic ties. We use agent models instantiated in ACT-R that interact in a social simulation‚ to illustrate the effect of memory constraints on networks. We also show that environmental factors are important including popu- lation size‚ running time‚ and map configuration. To examine these relationships‚ we ran simulations of networks using a factorial design. Our analyses suggest three interesting conclusions: first‚ the tie formation of these networks approximates a logistic growth model; second‚ that agent memory quality (i.e.‚ perfect or human- like) strongly alters the network’s density and structure; third‚ that the three environmental factors all influence both network density and some aspects of net- work structure. These findings suggest that meaningful variance of social network analysis measures occur in a narrow band of memory strength (the cognitive band); the threshold for defining tie criteria is important; and future simulations examining generative social networks should control and carefully report these environmental and cognitive factors.

@article{zhao2015building,
title = {Building social networks out of cognitive blocks: {Factors} of interest in agent-based socio-cognitive simulations},
volume = {21},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoKMHRSM15.pdf},
number = {2},
journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory},
author = {Zhao, C. and Kaulakis, R. and Morgan, J. H. and Hiam, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Sanford, J. and Morgan, G. P.},
year = {2015},
pages = {115--149}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 21| issue = 2| pages = 115–149| last1 = Zhao| first1 = C.| last2 = Kaulakis| first2 = R.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Hiam| first4 = J. W.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| last6 = Sanford| first6 = J.| last7 = Morgan| first7 = G. P.| title = Building social networks out of cognitive blocks: Factors of interest in agent-based socio-cognitive simulations| journal = Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory| date = 2015}}

Ororbia II, A. G., Giles, C. L., & Reitter, D. (2015). Learning a deep hybrid model for semi-supervised text classification. In Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Lisbon, Portugal.

EMNLP

We present a novel fine-tuning algorithm in a deep hybrid architecture for semi-supervised text classification. During each increment of the online learning process‚ the fine-tuning algorithm serves as a top-down mechanism for pseudo-jointly modifying model parameters following a bottom-up generative learning pass. The resulting model‚ trained under what we call the Bottom-Up-Top-Down learning algorithm‚ is shown to outperform a variety of competitive models and baselines trained across a wide range of splits between supervised and unsupervised training data.

@inproceedings{ororbia_ii_learning_2015,
address = {Lisbon, Portugal},
title = {Learning a deep hybrid model for semi-supervised text classification},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia2015learning-deep-hybrid.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2015 {Conference} on {Empirical} {Methods} in {Natural} {Language} {Processing}},
author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Giles, C. Lee and Reitter, David},
year = {2015}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = EMNLP| last1 = Ororbia II| first1 = Alexander G.| last2 = Giles| first2 = C. Lee| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Learning a deep hybrid model for semi-supervised text classification| booktitle = Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing| location = Lisbon, Portugal| date = 2015}}

Ororbia II, Alexander G., C. Lee Giles, and David Reitter. “Learning a Deep Hybrid Model for Semi-Supervised Text Classification.” Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Lisbon, Portugal: N.p., 2015. Web.

Ororbia II, A. G., Xu, Y., D’Orazio, V., & Reitter, D. (2015). Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information. In N. Agarwal, K. Xu, & N. Osgood (Eds.), Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling and Prediction (Vol. 9021, pp. 381–387). Springer.

10.1007/978-3-319-16268-3 47

SBP

A discriminative model is presented for crowd-sourcing the annotation of news stories to produce a structured dataset about incidents involving militarized disputes between nation-states. We used a question tree to gather partially redundant data from each crowd worker. A lattice of Bayesian Networks was then applied to error correct the individual worker annotations‚ the results of which were then aggregated via majority voting. The resulting hybrid model outperformed comparable‚ state-of-the-art aggregation models in both accuracy and computational scalability.

@incollection{ororbia_ii_error-correction_2015,
series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science} ({SBP})},
title = {Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information},
volume = {9021},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia2015crowd.pdf},
booktitle = {Social {Computing}, {Behavioral} {Modeling} and {Prediction}},
publisher = {Springer},
author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Xu, Yang and D'Orazio, Vito and Reitter, David},
editor = {Agarwal, Nitin and Xu, Kevin and Osgood, Nathaniel},
year = {2015},
note = {10.1007/978-3-319-16268-3 47},
pages = {381--387}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| volume = 9021| pages = 381–387| editors = Nitin Agarwal, Kevin Xu, Nathaniel Osgood (eds.)| last1 = Ororbia II| first1 = Alexander G.| last2 = Xu| first2 = Yang| last3 = D'Orazio| first3 = Vito| last4 = Reitter| first4 = David| title = Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling and Prediction| chapter = Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information| series = Lecture Notes in Computer Science (SBP)| date = 2015}}

Ororbia II, Alexander G. et al. “Error-Correction and Aggregation in Crowd-Sourcing of Geopolitical Incident Information.” Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling and Prediction. Ed. Nitin Agarwal, Kevin Xu, and Nathaniel Osgood. Vol. 9021. Springer, 2015. 381–387. Web. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (SBP).

Ororbia II, A. G., Reitter, D., Wu, J., & Giles, C. L. (2015). Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization. In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases (Proceedings, ECML PKDD 2015) (Vol. 9284, pp. 516–532). Porto, Portugal: Springer.

ECML PKDD

A hybrid architecture is presented capable of online learning from both labeled and unlabeled samples. It combines both generative and discriminative objectives to derive a new variant of the Deep Belief Network‚ i.e.‚ the Stacked Boltzmann Experts Network model. The model’s training algorithm is built on principles developed from hybrid discriminative Boltzmann machines and composes deep architectures in a greedy fashion. It makes use of its inherent “layer-wise ensemble" nature to perform useful classification work. We (1) compare this architecture against a hybrid Denoising Auto-encoder version of itself as well as several other models and (2) investigate training in the context of an incremental learning procedure. The best-performing hybrid model‚ the Stacked Boltzmann Experts Network‚ consistently outperforms all others.

@inproceedings{ororbia_ii_online_2015,
address = {Porto, Portugal},
series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}},
title = {Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization},
volume = {9284},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia_deep_hybrid_ecml_2015.pdf},
booktitle = {Machine {Learning} and {Knowledge} {Discovery} in {Databases} ({Proceedings}, {ECML} {PKDD} 2015)},
publisher = {Springer},
author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Reitter, David and Wu, Jian and Giles, C. Lee},
year = {2015},
pages = {516--532}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| conference = ECML PKDD| volume = 9284| pages = 516–532| last1 = Ororbia II| first1 = Alexander G.| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Wu| first3 = Jian| last4 = Giles| first4 = C. Lee| title = Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization| booktitle = Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases (Proceedings, ECML PKDD 2015)| location = Porto, Portugal| series = Lecture Notes in Computer Science| date = 2015}}

Ororbia II, Alexander G. et al. “Online Learning of Deep Hybrid Architectures for Semi-Supervised Categorization.” Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases (Proceedings, ECML PKDD 2015). Vol. 9284. Porto, Portugal: Springer, 2015. 516–532. Web. Lecture Notes in Computer Science.

Wang, Y., Yen, J., & Reitter, D. (2015). Pragmatic alignment on social support type in health forum conversations. In Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (CMCL). Denver, CO: Association for Computational Linguistics.

Linguistic alignment‚ such as lexical and syntactic alignment‚ is a universal
phenomenon influencing dialogue participants in online conversations. Besides linguistic alignment‚ social support‚ such as emotional support and
informational support‚ also provides important benefits to their members. More recently‚ identifying and analyzing social support facilitated insights in the
construction of support oriented communities. In this paper‚ we study whether members show pragmatic alignment on social support. While adaptation can occur at lexical‚ syntactic and pragmatic levels‚ relationships between alignments at multiple levels are neither theoretically nor empirically well understood. Our
results indicate pragmatic alignment of forum members along the axis of support type. We also find that lexical alignment is correlated with emotional support‚ and that the amount of lexical alignment is also correlated with the amount of pragmatic alignment. This finding can contribute to improving our
understanding about the linguistic signature of different types of support‚ and enhancing theoretical model of the Interactive Alignment Model in a multi-party peer support conversation context.

@inproceedings{wang2015pragmatic,
address = {Denver, CO},
title = {Pragmatic alignment on social support type in health forum conversations},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/wang2015pragmatic-alignment.pdf},
booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics} ({CMCL})},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
author = {Wang, Yafei and Yen, John and Reitter, David},
year = {2015}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| last1 = Wang| first1 = Yafei| last2 = Yen| first2 = John| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Pragmatic alignment on social support type in health forum conversations| booktitle = Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (CMCL)| location = Denver, CO| date = 2015}}

Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2015). An evaluation and comparison of linguistic alignment measures. In Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (CMCL). Denver, CO: Association for Computational Linguistics.

Linguistic alignment has emerged as an important property of conversational language and a driver of mutual understanding in dialogue. While various computational measures of linguistic alignment in corpus and experimental data have been devised‚ a systematic evaluation of them is missing. In this study‚ we first evaluate the sensitivity and distributional properties of three measures‚ indiscriminate local linguistic alignment (LLA)‚ Spearman’s correlation coefficient (SCC)‚ and repetition decay (RepDecay). Then we apply them in a study of interactive alignment and individual differences to see how well they conform to the Interactive Alignment Model (IAM)‚ and how well they can reveal the individual differences in alignment propensity. Our results suggest that LLA has the overall best performance.

@inproceedings{xu2015evaluation,
address = {Denver, CO},
title = {An evaluation and comparison of linguistic alignment measures},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/xu2015evaluation-alignment.pdf},
booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics} ({CMCL})},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David},
year = {2015}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| last1 = Xu| first1 = Yang| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = An evaluation and comparison of linguistic alignment measures| booktitle = Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (CMCL)| location = Denver, CO| date = 2015}}

Dancy, C. L., Ritter, F. E., & Gunzelmann, G. (2015). Two ways to model the effects of sleep fatigue on cognition. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling 2015 (pp. 258–263).

We compare how the same cognitive model completes a task within two alternative modifications to a cognitive architecture to represent sleep deprivation. One modification (ACT-R/F) has a module that uses a biomathematical model of the effects of sleep deprivation on performance to drive parameter changes in the architecture that impact behavior and performance. The second‚ new‚ modification (ACT-R/Phi
represents the effects of sleep deprivation on physiological systems and has these systems modulate cognition. The model completes the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) within both ACT-R/Phi and ACT-R/F. We found that the two implementations produced similar response times (means) in simulated days one and two. However‚ the distribution of the response times across the two days of sleep deprivation varied between models. The ACT-Phi model shows a wider distribution in both days 1 and 2 due to an increased and modulating production utility noise that affects its ability to select the correct rules consistently. Though they represent sleep deprivation in different ways‚ and on different levels‚ both of these implementations lead us towards a more unified understanding of how sleep deprivation affects our bodies‚ how we think and behave over time‚ and how to represent these effects.

@inproceedings{dancy2015two,
title = {Two ways to model the effects of sleep fatigue on cognition},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/dancyRG15.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} 2015},
author = {Dancy, C. L. and Ritter, F. E. and Gunzelmann, G.},
year = {2015},
pages = {258--263}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 258–263| last1 = Dancy| first1 = C. L.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Gunzelmann| first3 = G.| title = Two ways to model the effects of sleep fatigue on cognition| booktitle = Proceedings of the 13th  International Conference on Cognitive Modeling 2015| date = 2015}}

Li, N., Zhao, C., Choe, E. K., & Ritter, F. E. (2015). HHeal: A personalized health app for flu tracking and prevention. In CHI EA ’15, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1415–1420). New York, NY: ACM.

We report a new mobile application‚ HHeal‚ that inte- grates individuals’ flu risk information and flu-preventive behaviors. The app provides a personal flu risk bar that rises when the user is near someone with flu-like symp- toms and drops when the user finishes one of the sug- gested flu-preventive behaviors. Preliminary results show that participants favored the personal flu risk bar design. Participants had positive experiences when their personal risk bars dropped. They were motivated to initiate flu-preventive behaviors when their personal risk bars rose. Our next step includes studying reward strat- egies‚ users’ motivations to share personal health information‚ and building a more accurate model of flu risk.

@inproceedings{li2015hheal:,
address = {New York, NY},
title = {{HHeal}: {A} personalized health app for flu tracking and prevention},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/liZCR15.pdf},
booktitle = {{CHI} {EA} '15, {Proceedings} of the 33rd {Annual} {ACM} {Conference} {Extended} {Abstracts} on {Human} {Factors} in {Computing} {Systems}},
publisher = {ACM},
author = {Li, N. and Zhao, C. and Choe, E. K. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2015},
pages = {1415--1420}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = ACM| pages = 1415–1420| last1 = Li| first1 = N.| last2 = Zhao| first2 = C.| last3 = Choe| first3 = E. K.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = HHeal: A personalized health app for flu tracking and prevention| booktitle = CHI EA '15, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems| location = New York, NY| date = 2015}}

Reitter, D., Xu, Y., Craven, P., Sándor, A., Garrett, R. C., Cross, E. V., & Franke, J. L. (2015). Cognitive models predicting surprise in robot operators. In Proc. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (p. Poster Abstract). Groningen, Netherlands.

ICCM

@inproceedings{reitter2015cognitive,
address = {Groningen, Netherlands},
title = {Cognitive models predicting surprise in robot operators},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/surprisal2015iccm.pdf},
booktitle = {Proc. {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
author = {Reitter, David and Xu, Yang and Craven, Patrick and Sándor, Anikó and Garrett, R. Chris and Cross, E. Vince and Franke, Jerry L.},
year = {2015},
pages = {Poster Abstract}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = ICCM| pages = –| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Xu| first2 = Yang| last3 = Craven| first3 = Patrick| last4 = Sándor| first4 = Anikó| last5 = Garrett| first5 = R. Chris| last6 = Cross| first6 = E. Vince| last7 = Franke| first7 = Jerry L.| title = Cognitive models predicting surprise in robot operators| booktitle = Proc. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Groningen, Netherlands| date = 2015}}

Reitter, David et al. “Cognitive Models Predicting Surprise in Robot Operators.” Proc. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Groningen, Netherlands: N.p., 2015. Poster Abstract. Web.

Reitter, D., Stacy, E. W., & Mezzacappa, E. (Eds.). (2015). Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: BRiMS Society.

@book{reitter2015proceedings,
address = {Washington, D.C.},
title = {Proceedings of the 24th {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {BRiMS Society},
editor = {Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W. and Mezzacappa, E.},
year = {2015}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = BRiMS Society| others = D. Reitter, E. W. Stacy, E. Mezzacappa (eds.)| title = Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Washington, D.C.| date = 2015}}

Reitter, D. (2015). Wolves & Sheep - an edu-simulation. Retrieved from https://github.com/davidswelt/wolvesandsheep

This is a multi-agent‚ bio-inspired simulation; it is a competitive game and a tournament written for 5-50 beginner programmers. It is designed as educational tool: Students of an intermediate programming class taught in Java write code that controls a single player in this simulation. Players are pitched against each other; typically 5 at a time. A tournament runs many combinations of players in many adjustable scenarios. The tournament is set up to run regularly on a server‚ taking .jar files provided by students. It uses standard visibility and sandboxing features of Java to provide a basic level of security.

@misc{reitter2015wolves,
title = {Wolves \& {Sheep} - an edu-simulation},
copyright = {Free Software},
url = {https://github.com/davidswelt/wolvesandsheep},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2015}
}

{{Cite| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Wolves & Sheep - an edu-simulation| date = 2015}}

Reitter, David. Wolves & Sheep - an Edu-Simulation. N.p., 2015. Web.

2014

Baxter, G. D., Churchill, E. F., & Ritter, F. E. (2014). Addressing the fundamental error of design using the ABCS. AIS SIGHCI Newsletter, 13(1), 9–10.

AIS SIGHCI Newsletter

@article{baxter_g._d._addressing_2014,
title = {Addressing the fundamental error of design using the {ABCS}},
volume = {13},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterCR14.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {AIS SIGHCI Newsletter},
author = {{Baxter, G. D.} and {Churchill, E. F.} and {Ritter, F. E.}},
year = {2014},
pages = {9--10}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 13| issue = 1| pages = 9–10| last1 = Baxter, G. D.| last2 = Churchill, E. F.| last3 = Ritter, F. E.| title = Addressing the fundamental error of design using the ABCS| journal = AIS SIGHCI Newsletter| date = 2014}}

Reitter, D., & Moore, J. D. (2014). Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue. Journal of Memory and Language, 76, 29–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008

Journal of Memory and Language

Task-solving in dialogue depends on the convergence of the situation models held by the dialogue partners. The Interactive Alignment Model (Pickering and Garrod‚ 2004) suggests that this convergence is the result of an interactive alignment process‚ which is based on mechanistic repetition at a number of linguistic levels. In this paper‚ we develop two predictions arising from the theory‚ along with two methods to quantify the known structural priming effects in the full inventory of syntactic choices found in text and speech corpora. (a) Under a rational perspective‚ we expect increased repetition in task-oriented dialogue compared to spontaneous conversation. We find within- and between-speaker priming in a corpus of spontaneous conversations‚ but stronger priming in task-oriented dialogue. (b) The Interactive Alignment Model predicts linguistic adaptation to be correlated with task success. We show this effect in a corpus of task-oriented dialogue‚ where we find a positive correlation of long-term adaptation and a quantifiable task success measure. We argue that the repetition tendency relevant for the high-level alignment of situation models is based on slow adaptation rather than short-term priming. We demonstrate that lexical and syntactic repetition are reliable and computationally exploitable predictors of task success.

@article{reitter2014alignment,
title = {Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue},
volume = {76},
doi = {10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008},
journal = {Journal of Memory and Language},
author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D.},
year = {2014},
pages = {29--46}
}

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008| volume = 76| pages = 29–46| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Moore| first2 = Johanna D.| title = Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue| journal = Journal of Memory and Language| date = 2014}}

Grossklags, J., & Reitter, D. (2014). How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing. In Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium (pp. 111–122). Vienna.

CSF

This paper addresses security and safety choices that involve a decision on the timing of an action. Examples of such decisions include when to check log files for intruders and when to monitor financial accounts for fraud or errors. To better understand how performance in timing-related security situations is shaped by individuals’ cognitive predispositions‚ we effectively combine survey measures with economic experiments. Two behavioral experiments are presented in which the timing of online security actions is the critical decision-making factor. The feedback modality in the decision-environment is varied between visual feedback with history (Experiment 1)‚ and temporal feedback without history (Experiment 2). Using psychometric scales‚ we study the role of individual difference variables‚ specifically risk propensity and need for cognition. The analysis is based on the data from over 450 participants. We find that risk propensity is not a hindrance in timing tasks. Participants of average risk propensity generally benefit from a reflective disposition (high need for cognition)‚ particularly when visual feedback is given. Overall‚ participants benefit from need for cognition; however‚ in the more difficult‚ temporal-estimation task‚ this requires familiarity with the task.

@inproceedings{grossklags2014how,
address = {Vienna},
title = {How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/grossklags2014csf.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th {IEEE} {Computer} {Security} {Foundations} {Symposium}},
author = {Grossklags, Jens and Reitter, David},
year = {2014},
pages = {111--122}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = CSF| pages = 111–122| last1 = Grossklags| first1 = Jens| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing| booktitle = Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium| location = Vienna| date = 2014}}

Grossklags, Jens, and David Reitter. “How Task Familiarity and Cognitive Predispositions Impact Behavior in a Security Game of Timing.” Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium. Vienna: N.p., 2014. 111–122. Web.

Morita, J., Miwa, K., Maehigashi, A., Terai, H., Kojima, K., & Ritter, F. E. (2014). Modeling adaptation on automated vehicle operation. In 2014年度日本認知科学会第31回大会 (The 31st Annual Meeting of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society) (pp. O1–1. 63–68).

This paper presents a cognitive model that sim- ulates how the reliance on automation in a sim- ple tracking task‚ which represents vehicle operation‚ changes as the success probabilities of automatic and manual mode vary. The model was developed by us- ing ACT-R‚ and we also introduce three methods of reinforcement learning: the synchronization of utili- ties in the same mode‚ the summation of rewards over time‚ and the prediction from the past. The model performs this task through productions that manage perception and motor control. The utility values of these productions are updated based on rewards in every perception-action cycle. A run of this model simulated the overall trends of the behavioral data‚ suggesting some validity of the assumptions made in our model.

@inproceedings{morita_j._modeling_2014,
title = {Modeling adaptation on automated vehicle operation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/moritaMMTKR14.pdf},
booktitle = {2014年度日本認知科学会第31回大会 ({The} 31st {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Japanese} {Cognitive} {Science} {Society})},
author = {{Morita, J.} and {Miwa, K.} and {Maehigashi, A.} and {Terai, H.} and {Kojima, K.} and {Ritter, F. E}},
year = {2014},
pages = {O1--1. 63--68}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = –1-1.  63-68| last1 = Morita, J.| last2 = Miwa, K.| last3 = Maehigashi, A.| last4 = Terai, H.| last5 = Kojima, K.| last6 = Ritter, F. E| title = Modeling adaptation on automated vehicle operation| booktitle = 2014年度日本認知科学会第31回大会 (The 31st Annual Meeting of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society)| date = 2014}}

Evertsz, R., Lucas, A., Smith, C., Pedrotti, M., Ritter, F. E., Baker, R., & Burns, P. (2014). Enhanced behavioral realism for live fire targets. In Proceedings of the 23rd Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. [online proceedings]. Centerville, OH: BRIMS Society.

@inproceedings{evertsz_r._enhanced_2014,
address = {Centerville, OH},
title = {Enhanced behavioral realism for live fire targets},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszLSPRBB14.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}. [online proceedings]},
publisher = {BRIMS Society},
author = {{Evertsz, R.} and {Lucas, A.} and {Smith, C.} and {Pedrotti, M.} and {Ritter, F. E.} and {Baker, R.} and {Burns, P.}},
year = {2014}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| last1 = Evertsz, R.| last2 = Lucas, A.| last3 = Smith, C.| last4 = Pedrotti, M.| last5 = Ritter, F. E.| last6 = Baker, R.| last7 = Burns, P.| title = Enhanced behavioral realism for live fire targets| booktitle = Proceedings of the 23rd Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. [online proceedings]| location = Centerville, OH| date = 2014}}

Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2014). Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games. In Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci) (pp. 2841–2846). Quebec, Canada.

36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci)

CogSci

Games of timing reflect dynamic decision-making under uncertainty‚ as it takes place in many real-world situations‚ including health care‚ safety and security. Rather than making discrete decisions‚ participants choose one or more points in time that determine the outcome. We study individual’s biases and characteristics in such games of timing. We examine risk propensity as a personal preference affecting timing decisions and document a bias‚ impatience. Experiment 1 analyzes people’s strategy in timing games in relation to a rational model. Contrasting two cognitive models suggests that individuals apply risk propensity to the probability distributions underlying short games and when unfamiliar with the situation‚ but that‚ over time‚ impatience takes over as a linear adjustment. In Experiment 2‚ impatient participants risk their incentive payment in order to play early‚ even if they receive no advantage from doing so.

@inproceedings{ghafurian2014impatience,
address = {Quebec, Canada},
title = {Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/moojan2014impatience.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society} ({CogSci})},
author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David},
year = {2014},
pages = {2841--2846}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci)| pages = 2841–2846| last1 = Ghafurian| first1 = Moojan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games| booktitle = Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci)| location = Quebec, Canada| date = 2014}}

Ritter, F. E. (2014). A satisfying way to teach HCI: Outreach through usability reports. In CHI 2014 Workshop, Developing a Living Curriculum to Support Global HCI Education. [online proceedings].

@inproceedings{ritter_f._e._satisfying_2014,
address = {[online proceedings]},
title = {A satisfying way to teach {HCI}: {Outreach} through usability reports},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter14b.pdf},
booktitle = {{CHI} 2014 {Workshop}, {Developing} a {Living} {Curriculum} to {Support} {Global} {HCI} {Education}},
author = {{Ritter, F. E.}},
year = {2014}
}

{{Cite conference| last = Ritter, F. E.| title = A satisfying way to teach HCI: Outreach through usability reports| booktitle = CHI 2014 Workshop, Developing a Living Curriculum to Support Global HCI Education| location = [online proceedings]| date = 2014}}

Wang, Y., Reitter, D., & Yen, J. (2014). Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities. In Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Workshop at the Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics.

Previous studies of alignment have focused on two-party conversations. We study multi-party conversation in online health communities‚ which have shown benefits for their members from forum conversations. So far‚ our understanding of the relationship between alignment in such multi-party conversations and its possible connection to member benefits has been limited. This paper quantifies linguistic alignment in the oldest and the largest cancer online forum. Alignment at lexical and syntactic levels‚ as well as decay of alignment was observed in forum threads‚ although the decay was slower than commonly found in psycholinguistic studies. The different pattern of adaptation to the initial post on a thread suggests that specific roles in the online forum (e.g.‚ seeking support from the community) can potentially be revealed through alignment theory and its extensions.

@inproceedings{wang2014linguistic,
title = {Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/yafei2014cmcl.pdf},
booktitle = {Cognitive {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}. {Workshop} at the {Mtg}. of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}},
author = {Wang, Yafei and Reitter, David and Yen, John},
year = {2014}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Wang| first1 = Yafei| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Yen| first3 = John| title = Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities| booktitle = Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Workshop at the Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics| date = 2014}}

St.Amant, R., Reitter, D., & Stacy, E. W. (Eds.). (2014). Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.

@book{st.amant2014proceedings,
address = {Washington, D.C.},
title = {Proceedings of the 23rd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
editor = {St.Amant, Robert and Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W.},
year = {2014}
}

{{Cite book| others = Robert St.Amant, D. Reitter, E. W. Stacy (eds.)| title = Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Washington, D.C.| date = 2014}}

Ritter, F. E., Baxter, G. D., & Churchill, E. F. (2014). Foundations for designing user-centered systems: What system designers need to know about people. London, UK: 442 + xxx pages. Springer Science+Business Media.

@book{ritter_f._e._foundations_2014,
address = {London, UK},
title = {Foundations for designing user-centered systems: {What} system designers need to know about people},
url = {http://www.frankritter.com/fducs},
publisher = {442 + xxx pages. Springer Science+Business Media},
author = {{Ritter, F. E.} and {Baxter, G. D.} and {Churchill, E. F.}},
year = {2014}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = 442 + xxx pages. Springer Science+Business Media| last1 = Ritter, F. E.| last2 = Baxter, G. D.| last3 = Churchill, E. F.| title = Foundations for designing user-centered systems: What system designers need to know about people| location = London, UK| date = 2014}}

Ritter, F. E. (2014). Semester projects on human-computer interaction as service and outreach. In Carroll, J. M. (Ed.), Innovative practices in teaching information sciences and technology: Experience reports and reflections (pp. 133–142). London: Springer.

Student projects at all levels can have impact. I’ll present an approach for using class projects in Junior level and above human-computer interaction (HCI) classes to have a social and economic impact. This can make your teaching improve by being more motivating to students‚ to be more interesting to you‚ and to have more impact. I’ll provide an example project description used at Penn State’s College of IST since 2000‚ and example projects that have suggested useful interface changes to the web sites of a variety of government‚ non-profit‚ university‚ and small and medium-sized businesses. These reports fulfill a pedagogical goal by having students demonstrate mastery of the material‚ particularly evidence- and theory-based suggested changes to improve the usability of web sites. The reports provide (in the best cases) strong‚ correct suggestions for improving the usability of these web sites. The use of these reports also helps reduce plagiarism because the sites and thus work are unique.

@incollection{ritter_f._e._semester_2014,
address = {London},
title = {Semester projects on human-computer interaction as service and outreach},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritteripB.pdf},
booktitle = {Innovative practices in teaching information sciences and technology: {Experience} reports and reflections},
publisher = {Springer},
author = {{Ritter, F. E.}},
editor = {{Carroll, J. M.}},
year = {2014},
pages = {133--142}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| pages = 133–142| editors = Carroll, J. M. (ed.)| last = Ritter, F. E.| title = Innovative practices in teaching information sciences and technology: Experience reports and reflections| chapter = Semester projects on human-computer interaction as service and outreach| location = London| date = 2014}}

Reitter, D. (2014). Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer’s classroom. In J. M. Carroll (Ed.), Innovative Practices in Teaching Information Sciences and Technology (pp. 19–29). Springer.

The Wolves and Sheep game is an educational‚ multi-agent computer simulation for students of programming classes. Players move about in a two- dimensional landscape‚ aiming to reach targets or catch other players. Students write programs that control individual players in the game. The programs then participate in a tournament. Students practice basic programming and algorithmic thinking‚ object-orientation and the role of interfaces‚ and are even exposed to basic Artificial Intelligence. Gamification helps motivate students and creates positive‚ but challenging learning experiences.

@incollection{reitter2014hungry,
title = {Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer's classroom},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2014hungryWolves.pdf},
booktitle = {Innovative {Practices} in {Teaching} {Information} {Sciences} and {Technology}},
publisher = {Springer},
author = {Reitter, David},
editor = {Carroll, John M.},
year = {2014},
pages = {19--29}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| pages = 19–29| editors = John M. Carroll (ed.)| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Innovative Practices in Teaching Information Sciences and Technology| chapter = Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer's classroom| date = 2014}}

Reitter, David. “Hungry Wolves, Creepy Sheepies: The Gamification of the Programmer’s Classroom.” Innovative Practices in Teaching Information Sciences and Technology. Ed. John M. Carroll. Springer, 2014. 19–29. Web.

Dancy, C. L. (2014). Why the change of heart? Understanding the interactions between physiology, affect, and cognition and their effects on decision-making. Unpublished PhD, Penn State, University Park, PA.

How do physiological and affective processes interact with cognitive processes to change the way we think? How can we better understand the processes that underlie decision-making and choice behavior? This dissertation presents a novel hybrid cognitive architecture‚ ACT-R/Φ‚ which extends the ACT-R cognitive architecture with an integrative model of physiology and a model of affect and emotion. Extending a cognitive architecture with representations of affect and physiology allows the straightforward development of more illustrative computational process models of human behavior that explain experimental results from physiology‚ neuroscience‚ and psychology. Computational models were developed that provide an account of how physiological change due to psychological stress or homeostasis can modulate cognitive processes. An experiment was also run to explore how subliminal visual emotional stimuli affect physiology and decision-making behavior during the Iowa Gambling Task. Results indicate that effects of subliminal affective stimuli were dependent on participant sex and personality differences. A computational process model was developed that performs the same task and behaves similarly to the participants. Physiological and affective states continually interact with cognitive processes‚ biasing memory and‚ consequently‚ decisions. Evolved adaptations that support physiological and affective change of behavior (e.g.‚ natural reactions to thirst or hunger) affect the way we learn and make choices. The ACT-R/Φ hybrid architecture‚ and the theoretical architectural models that define it‚ can be used to develop models of human behavior that include the necessary accounts of physiology and affect that describe what the body needs and how changes in behavior affects these needs. This improved understanding of the architecture that constrains our behavior gives us a better opportunity to comprehend why we make the decisions we do and how we can use this knowledge to make better decisions.

@phdthesis{dancy_c._l._why_2014,
title = {Why the change of heart? {Understanding} the interactions between physiology, affect, and cognition and their effects on decision-making},
url = {https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/paper/21287/},
school = {Unpublished PhD, Penn State, University Park, PA},
author = {{Dancy, C. L.}},
year = {2014}
}

{{Cite paper| publisher = Unpublished PhD, Penn State, University Park, PA| last = Dancy, C. L.| title = Why the change of heart? Understanding the interactions between physiology, affect, and cognition and their effects on decision-making| date = 2014}}

Reitter, D., Gonzalez, C., Lebiere, C., & Meyer, J. (2014). Cognitive security. Panel presented at the 13th Annual Workshop on the Economics of Information Security, University Park, PA.

@misc{reitter2014cognitive,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Panel},
title = {Cognitive security},
author = {Reitter, David and Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Meyer, Joachim},
year = {2014}
}

{{Cite paper| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Gonzalez| first2 = Cleotilde| last3 = Lebiere| first3 = Christian| last4 = Meyer| first4 = Joachim| title = Cognitive security| location = University Park, PA| date = 2014}}

Reitter, D. (2014). Big-Data insights into cognitive representations of language processing. Invited Talk presented at the The 2nd International Workshop on Advanced Learning Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.

@misc{reitter2014big-data,
address = {Taipei, Taiwan},
type = {Invited {Talk}},
title = {Big-{Data} insights into cognitive representations of language processing},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2014}
}

{{Cite paper| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Big-Data insights into cognitive representations of language processing| location = Taipei, Taiwan| date = 2014}}

D’Orazio, V., Kenwick, M., Lane, M., Palmer, G., & Reitter, D. (2014). Crowdsourcing the Measurement of Observational Data. Talk presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association, Toronto, Canada.

@misc{dorazio2014crowdsourcing,
address = {Toronto, Canada},
type = {Talk},
title = {Crowdsourcing the {Measurement} of {Observational} {Data}},
author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David},
year = {2014}
}

{{Cite paper| last1 = D'Orazio| first1 = Vito| last2 = Kenwick| first2 = Michael| last3 = Lane| first3 = Matthew| last4 = Palmer| first4 = Glenn| last5 = Reitter| first5 = David| title = Crowdsourcing the Measurement of Observational Data| location = Toronto, Canada| date = 2014}}

Anderson, R., Meyer, J., Moore, T., Randazzese, L., & Reitter, D. (Moderator). (2014). Human aspects of cybersecurity. Panel presented at the Department of Homeland Security Workshop on Incentives and Regulation of Cybersecurity, University Park, PA.

@misc{anderson2014human,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Panel},
title = {Human aspects of cybersecurity},
author = {Anderson, Ross and Meyer, Joachim and Moore, Tyler and Randazzese, Lucien and {Reitter, D. (Moderator)}},
year = {2014}
}

{{Cite paper| last1 = Anderson| first1 = Ross| last2 = Meyer| first2 = Joachim| last3 = Moore| first3 = Tyler| last4 = Randazzese| first4 = Lucien| last5 = Reitter, D. (Moderator)| title = Human aspects of cybersecurity| location = University Park, PA| date = 2014}}

Anderson, Ross et al. “Human Aspects of Cybersecurity.” Department of Homeland Security Workshop on Incentives and Regulation of Cybersecurity. University Park, PA. 2014. Panel.

Reitter, D. (2014). Zot_bib_web - interactive web bibliographies.

This tool explores new ways to make bibliographies interactive‚ searchable and discoverable. Zot_bib_web generates HTML bibliographies based on one or more collections in a Zotero repository. These collections can be maintained by groups of people‚ using Zotero’s web interface or their desktop applications.

@misc{reitter_zot_bib_web_2014,
title = {Zot\_bib\_web - interactive web bibliographies},
copyright = {Free Software},
url = {https://github.com/davidswelt/zotweb/}bib,
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2014}
}

{{Cite| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Zot_bib_web - interactive web bibliographies| date = 2014}}

Reitter, David. Zot_bib_web - Interactive Web Bibliographies. N.p., 2014. Web.

2013

Dancy, C. L. (2013). ACT-RΦ: A cognitive architecture with physiology and affect. BICA 2013: Papers from the Fourth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society, 6(0), 40–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bica.2013.07.008

BICA 2013: Papers from the Fourth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society

Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures

Abstract
Current computational cognitive architectures lack a comprehensive representation of human physiology. Connecting a more realistic model of physiology to a cognitive architecture allows one to develop more realistic computational process models that include an account for the effect of physiology on cognition. It is also useful to include some theory of affect and emotion to act as a functional layer between some representations of physiology and cognition. We chose to extend the ACT-R (adaptive control of thought – rational) cognitive architecture with physiology and affect to make the ACT-RΦ hybrid architecture. We connected the HumMod physiological simulation system with the ACT-R architecture; ACT-RΦ has a module that communicates between ACT-R and HumMod. A new affect system was also developed using an existing theoretical framework to serve as a functional layer between some of the physiological and cognitive representations. With this new architecture one can model a wide range of human behavior (e.g.‚ the effects of homeostasis on cognition) in a more tractable fashion.

@article{dancy2013act-r:,
title = {{ACT}-{RΦ}: {A} cognitive architecture with physiology and affect},
volume = {6},
issn = {2212-683X},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212683X13000753},
doi = {10.1016/j.bica.2013.07.008},
number = {0},
journal = {BICA 2013: Papers from the Fourth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society},
author = {Dancy, Christopher L.},
month = oct,
year = {2013},
keywords = {ACT-R, Affect, Cognitive architecture, Cognitive model, HumMod, Physiology},
pages = {40--45}
}

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.bica.2013.07.008| issn = 2212-683X| volume = 6| issue = 0| pages = 40–45| last = Dancy| first = Christopher L.| title = ACT-RΦ: A cognitive architecture with physiology and affect| journal = BICA 2013: Papers from the Fourth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society| date = 2013-10}}

Zhao, C., Morgan, J. H., & Ritter, F. E. (2013). Understanding human high-level spatial memory: An ACT-R model to integrate multi-level spatial cues and strategies. Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures, 3, 1–5.

Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures

The ability to process and use spatial knowledge is a basic cognitive ability. Two human navigation strategy types (map-based and route-based) relying on two different knowledge representations have been frequently observed. These studies suggest that the first strategy uses a sequential representation and the second uses a hierarchical cluster-based representation. These studies also suggest that humans also routinely use hybrid strategies‚ and that the ratio between cognitive load and relative utility mediated by situational factors influences‚ and when modeled‚ could successfully predict strategy choice. We created an ACT-R model to test these hypotheses by simulating navigation strategies‚ strategy choices‚ and strategy switches. This model deepens the empirical findings by defining more clearly the memory mechanisms involved in generating the basic representation types‚ and by positing a theory of interaction between these types based on ACT-We believe that such a work provides a concrete example on principles of these biological theories can be implemented and used in cognitive architectures.

@article{zhao_c._understanding_2013,
title = {Understanding human high-level spatial memory: {An} {ACT}-{R} model to integrate multi-level spatial cues and strategies},
volume = {3},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoMR13.pdf},
journal = {Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures},
author = {{Zhao, C.} and {Morgan, J. H.} and {Ritter, F. E.}},
year = {2013},
pages = {1--5}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 3| pages = 1–5| last1 = Zhao, C.| last2 = Morgan, J. H.| last3 = Ritter, F. E.| title = Understanding human high-level spatial memory: An ACT-R model to integrate multi-level spatial cues and strategies| journal = Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures| date = 2013}}

Hale, J., & Reitter, D. (2013). Introduction to the issue on computational models of natural language. Topics in Cognitive Science, 1–4.

Topics in Cognitive Science

@article{hale2013introduction,
title = {Introduction to the issue on computational models of natural language},
journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science},
author = {Hale, John and Reitter, David},
year = {2013},
pages = {1--4}
}

{{Cite journal| pages = 1–4| last1 = Hale| first1 = John| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Introduction to the issue on computational models of natural language| journal = Topics in Cognitive Science| date = 2013}}

Hale, J., & Reitter, D. (Eds.). (2013). Issue on computational models of natural language. Topics in Cognitive Science, 5(3), (11 papers). https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12038

Topics in Cognitive Science

TopiCS

@article{hale2013issue,
title = {Issue on computational models of natural language},
volume = {5},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/topics2013-issue-ToC.pdf},
doi = {10.1111/tops.12038},
number = {3},
journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science},
editor = {Hale, John and Reitter, David},
year = {2013},
pages = {(11 papers)}
}

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1111/tops.12038| volume = 5| issue = 3| pages = –11 papers)| others = John Hale, David Reitter (eds.)| title = Issue on computational models of natural language| journal = Topics in Cognitive Science| date = 2013}}

Haughton, N., Yeh, Kuo-Chuan (Martin), Nworie, J., & Romero, L. (2013). Digital disturbances, disorders, and pathologies: A discussion of some unintended consequences of technology in higher education. Educational Technology, 53(4), 3–16.

Educational Technology

@article{haughton2013digital,
title = {Digital disturbances, disorders, and pathologies: {A} discussion of some unintended consequences of technology in higher education.},
volume = {53},
number = {4},
journal = {Educational Technology},
author = {Haughton, Noela and Yeh, Kuo-Chuan (Martin), Nworie, John and Romero, Liz},
year = {2013},
pages = {3--16}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 53| issue = 4| pages = 3–16| last1 = Haughton| first1 = Noela| last2 = Yeh, Kuo-Chuan (Martin), Nworie| first2 = John| last3 = Romero| first3 = Liz| title = Digital disturbances, disorders, and pathologies: A discussion of some unintended consequences of technology in higher education.| journal = Educational Technology| date = 2013}}

Kim, J. W., Ritter, F. E., & Koubek, R. J. (2013). An integrated theory for improved skill acquisition and retention in the three stages of learning. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 14(1), 22–37.

Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science

@article{kim2013integrated,
title = {An integrated theory for improved skill acquisition and retention in the three stages of learning},
volume = {14},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimRK13.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science},
author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Koubek, R. J.},
year = {2013},
pages = {22--37}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 14| issue = 1| pages = 22–37| last1 = Kim| first1 = J. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Koubek| first3 = R. J.| title = An integrated theory for improved skill acquisition and retention in the three stages of learning| journal = Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science| date = 2013}}

Morgan, J. H., Cheng, C.-Y., Pike, C., & Ritter, F. E. (2013). A design, tests, and considerations for improving keystroke and mouse loggers. Interacting with Computers, 25(3), 242–258.

Interacting with Computers

@article{morgan2013design,
title = {A design, tests, and considerations for improving keystroke and mouse loggers},
volume = {25},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganCPRip.pdf},
number = {3},
journal = {Interacting with Computers},
author = {Morgan, J. H. and Cheng, C.-Y. and Pike, C. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2013},
pages = {242--258}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 25| issue = 3| pages = 242–258| last1 = Morgan| first1 = J. H.| last2 = Cheng| first2 = C.-Y.| last3 = Pike| first3 = C.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = A design, tests, and considerations for improving keystroke and mouse loggers| journal = Interacting with Computers| date = 2013}}

Reitter, D., Grossklags, J., & Nochenson, A. (2013). Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing. In R. West & T. Stewart (Eds.), Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 397–403).

Continuous games of timing represent an ecologically relevant case of decision-making under uncertainty with many applications to tactical security scenarios. We present two experiments collecting data using the two-player‚ 20-second FlipIt game‚ in which a player has to react to an estimated‚ externally controlled quantity in light of a continuous payoff distribution. The quantity is represented once as time interval‚ and once as distance in time and space. Risk-taking propensity is an individual parameter obtained via a standardized survey instrument. We find that risk propensity affects participants’ decisions in early and late rounds of the game and show that risk-seeking individuals fail to play well initially in the difficult‚ time-interval estimation task‚ but that they can be trained to make rational choices. Participants’ biases are gaussian-distributed. They do not reflect the distribution of payoffs or expected utility. We present an ACT-R model using established error distributions for temporal and visual perception and instance-based learning.

@inproceedings{reitter2013risk-seeking,
title = {Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013risk.pdf},
booktitle = {Proc. 12th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}},
author = {Reitter, David and Grossklags, Jens and Nochenson, Alan},
editor = {West, R. and Stewart, T.},
year = {2013},
pages = {397--403}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 397–403| editors = R. West, T. Stewart (eds.)| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Grossklags| first2 = Jens| last3 = Nochenson| first3 = Alan| title = Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing| booktitle = Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling| date = 2013}}

Ritter, F. E., Yeh, K.-C. (Martin), Cohen, M. A., Weyhrauch, P., Kim, J. W., & Hobbs, J. N. (2013). Declarative to Procedural Tutors: A family of cognitive architecture-based tutors. In Proceedings of the 22nd Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. BRIMS2013–127. 108–113). Centerville, OH: BRIMS Society.

We have created a tutoring architecture‚ D2P (Declarative to Procedural)‚ based on ACT-R’s theory of knowledge and learning for declarative and procedural memory. D2P also draws on general theories of learning and a recent review by Kim‚ Ritter‚ and Koubek (in press). D2P provides multimedia instruction pages followed by questions‚ video‚ and/or simulations to test and proceduralise the declarative knowledge. It is implemented in XML‚ XML-based tools‚ Java‚ and COTS tools. We have created two D2P tutors. We have evaluated one‚ and it has a 1.48 effect size on learning how much to lead. We have found that modern tools help create a tutoring system; creating a tutoring architecture requires more than just the system (such as manuals and example systems); and the next steps are to test the theory of learning and use a cognitive architecture-based knowledge model to make the system adaptive.

@inproceedings{ritter2013declarative,
address = {Centerville, OH},
title = {Declarative to {Procedural} {Tutors}: {A} family of cognitive architecture-based tutors},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterYCWKH13.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 22nd {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {BRIMS Society},
author = {Ritter, Frank E and Yeh, Kuo-Chuan (Martin) and Cohen, Mark A and Weyhrauch, Peter and Kim, Jong W and Hobbs, J Nicholas},
year = {2013},
pages = {BRIMS2013--127. 108--113}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| pages = –2013-127.  108-113| last1 = Ritter| first1 = Frank E| last2 = Yeh| first2 = Kuo-Chuan (Martin)| last3 = Cohen| first3 = Mark A| last4 = Weyhrauch| first4 = Peter| last5 = Kim| first5 = Jong W| last6 = Hobbs| first6 = J Nicholas| title = Declarative to Procedural Tutors: A family of cognitive architecture-based tutors| booktitle = Proceedings of the 22nd Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Centerville, OH| date = 2013}}

Haynes, S. R., Winkler, T. E., & Ritter, F. E. (2013). Modeling meaningful use as utility in emergency medical services. In IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics 2013 (ICHI 2013) (p. Paper 29). New York, NY: IEEE.

This paper describes a case study focused on identifying and modeling opportunities to support emergency medical services (EMS) with next-generation interactive technologies. The method used is a novel integration of different approaches including scenario-based design‚ task analysis‚ and utility-based interaction modeling. The goal of the project is to develop a structured model of EMS activity and to identify where and how this activity can be supported with current and emerging information technologies. Of particular importance is identifying tasks with the highest potential for meaningful use of these technologies. The SUMMIT method and tool set is being used to model meaningful use as a function of the overall utility (benefits‚ costs‚ and risks) potentially derived from technology support. The paper provides a description and rationale for the approach and gives lessons learned from the early phases of the project. The SUMMIT approach may be generally useful for organizations that need to understand how new interactive technologies might provide meaningful support for healthcare operations. These models may also be an effective resource for promoting continuous learning and reflection on EMS skills.

@inproceedings{haynes_s._r._modeling_2013,
address = {New York, NY},
title = {Modeling meaningful use as utility in emergency medical services},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesWR13.pdf},
booktitle = {{IEEE} {International} {Conference} on {Healthcare} {Informatics} 2013 ({ICHI} 2013)},
publisher = {IEEE},
author = {{Haynes, S. R.} and {Winkler, T. E.} and {Ritter, F. E.}},
year = {2013},
pages = {Paper 29}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = IEEE| pages = –29| last1 = Haynes, S. R.| last2 = Winkler, T. E.| last3 = Ritter, F. E.| title = Modeling meaningful use as utility in emergency medical services| booktitle = IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics 2013 (ICHI 2013)| location = New York, NY| date = 2013}}

Scerri, P., & Reitter, D. (2013). Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game. In Workshop on Information Sharing in Large Scale Multi-Agent Systems, at AAMAS 2013.

@inproceedings{scerri2013cognitive,
title = {Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/scerri2013informationsharing.pdf},
booktitle = {Workshop on {Information} {Sharing} in {Large} {Scale} {Multi}-{Agent} {Systems}, at {AAMAS} 2013},
author = {Scerri, Paul and Reitter, David},
year = {2013}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Scerri| first1 = Paul| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game| booktitle = Workshop on Information Sharing in Large Scale Multi-Agent Systems, at AAMAS 2013| date = 2013}}

Reitter, D., & Scerri, P. (2013). Smooth Dynamics, Good Performance in Cognitive-Agent Congestion Problems. In Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 3269–3274).

@inproceedings{reitter2013smooth,
title = {Smooth {Dynamics}, {Good} {Performance} in {Cognitive}-{Agent} {Congestion} {Problems}},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter2013smooth.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 35th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul},
year = {2013},
pages = {3269--3274}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 3269–3274| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Scerri| first2 = Paul| title = Smooth Dynamics, Good Performance in Cognitive-Agent Congestion Problems| booktitle = Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 2013}}

Ritter, F. E., Kim, J. W., Morgan, J. H., & Carlson, R. A. (2013). Running behavioral studies with human participants: A practical guide. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

@book{ritter2013running,
address = {Thousand Oaks, CA},
title = {Running behavioral studies with human participants: {A} practical guide},
url = {http://www.sagepub.com/books/Book237263},
publisher = {Sage},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kim, J. W. and Morgan, J. H. and Carlson, R. A.},
year = {2013}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Sage| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Carlson| first4 = R. A.| title = Running behavioral studies with human participants: A practical guide| location = Thousand Oaks, CA| date = 2013}}

Ritter, F. E. (2013). Foreword. In Conte, R., Andrighetto, G., & Campennì, M. (Eds.), Minding norms: Mechanisms and dynamics of social order in agent societies (pp. ix–x). New York, NY: Oxford.

Our
behavior
is
influenced
all
the
time
by
social
norms‚
what
is
expected
(i.e.‚
customs)‚
what
is
required
(i.e.‚
laws)‚
and
what
is
moral
(i.e.‚
what
is
ethical).
Other
names
for
norms
are
standard
operating
procedures‚
regulations‚
standing
orders‚
rules
of
engagement‚
and
customs.
All
of
the
data
that
has
been
collected
to
develop
and
test
theories
of
cognition
has
been
collected
where
norms
actively
influenced
the
behavior
observed.
However‚
the
effect
of
norms‚
how
other
agents’
expectations
and
behavior
influence
behavior‚
has
not
been
very
often
addressed
by
cognitive
models‚
architectures‚
or
agent-‐based
research.
As
cognitive
models
become
more
social
and
social
models
become
more
cognitive‚
the
role
of
norms
in
modeling
behavior
will
become
increasingly
important.
Cognitive
modelers
who
read
this
book
by
Conte
and
her
colleagues
can
learn
about
norms
and
how
to
include
them
in
models.
Researchers
who
study
norms
can
better
understand
the
role
of
simulation
and
norms.
This
book
presents
a
theory
of
how
norms‚
arising
through
interactions
between
individuals‚
are
implemented
in
and
by
those
individuals.
A
series
of
simulations
using
a
new
architecture‚
EMIL‚
help
explain
how
bottom-‐up
and
top-‐down
processes
can
produce
emergent
behavior‚
and
provide
lessons
for
work
on
norms
(e.g.‚
how
norms
can
arise
through
small
interactions)‚
and
for
other
architectures
(e.g.‚
the
many
ways
norms
influence
cognition).
Through
a
thoughtful
series
of
models‚
capabilities
are
added
building
up
to
a
system
demonstrating
necessary
and
sufficient
capabilities
for
the
emergence
and
function
of
norms.
While
the
models
are
not
complete
and
may
at
times
appear
far
from
complete—for
some
even
too
incomplete
to
trust—more
complete
models
will
only
arise
through
work
like
this
and
the
insights
it
provides.
Currently‚
most
models
just
act.
This
work
suggests
that
our
models
need
to
have
more
social
cognition‚
metacognition‚
implicit
reasoning‚
and
reflection
to
filter
actions
making
them
more
accurate‚
knowledge-‐rich‚
reflective‚
and
slower.
Is
the
processing
of
norms
done
with
fixed
capabilities
that
everyone
has
or
is
it
knowledge?
If
it
is
a
fixed
capability
it
belongs
in
the
architecture‚ but untangling this capability
that
might
have
components
of both types will surely be interesting‚ productive‚ and also enlightening about how humans are both cognitive

@incollection{ritter_f._e._foreword_2013,
address = {New York, NY},
title = {Foreword},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterip-conte.pdf},
booktitle = {Minding norms: {Mechanisms} and dynamics of social order in agent societies},
publisher = {Oxford},
author = {{Ritter, F. E.}},
editor = {{Conte, R.} and {Andrighetto, G.} and {Campennì, M.}},
year = {2013},
pages = {ix--x}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford| pages = –| editors = Conte, R., Andrighetto, G., Campennì, M. (eds.)| last = Ritter, F. E.| title = Minding norms: Mechanisms and dynamics of social order in agent societies| chapter = Foreword| location = New York, NY| date = 2013}}

Ritter, F. E., Baxter, G., Kim, J. W., & Srinivasmurthy, S. (2013). Learning and retention. In J. D. Lee & A. Kirlik (Eds.) (pp. 125–142). The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Engineering . New York, NY: Oxford.

@incollection{ritter2013learning,
address = {The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Engineering . New York, NY},
title = {Learning and retention},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBKSip.pdf},
publisher = {Oxford},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. and Kim, J. W. and Srinivasmurthy, S.},
editor = {Lee, John D. and Kirlik, Alex},
year = {2013},
pages = {125--142}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford| pages = 125–142| editors = John D. Lee, Alex Kirlik (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Baxter| first2 = G.| last3 = Kim| first3 = J. W.| last4 = Srinivasmurthy| first4 = S.| chapter = Learning and retention| location = The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Engineering . New York, NY| date = 2013}}

Kennedy, W. G., Reitter, D., & Amant, R. S. (Eds.). (2013). Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Ottawa, Canada: BRiMS Society.

BRiMS

@book{kennedy2013proceedings,
address = {Ottawa, Canada},
title = {Proceedings of the 22nd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
shorttitle = {{BRiMS}},
publisher = {BRiMS Society},
editor = {Kennedy, William G. and Reitter, D. and Amant, Robert St},
year = {2013}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = BRiMS Society| others = William G. Kennedy, D. Reitter, Robert St Amant (eds.)| title = Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Ottawa, Canada| date = 2013}}

Kennedy, William G., D. Reitter, and Robert St Amant, eds. Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Ottawa, Canada: BRiMS Society, 2013. Print.

Tseng, J.-T. (2013). The effect of heterogeneous agents in socio-cognitive networks (Unpublished MS thesis, Computer Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA).

@phdthesis{tseng_j.-t._effect_2013,
type = {Unpublished {MS} thesis, {Computer} {Science} and {Engineering}, {Penn} {State} {University}, {University} {Park}, {PA}},
title = {The effect of heterogeneous agents in socio-cognitive networks},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/tseng13.pdf},
author = {{Tseng, J.-T.}},
year = {2013}
}

{{Cite paper| last = Tseng, J.-T.| title = The effect of heterogeneous agents in socio-cognitive networks| date = 2013}}

Reitter, D. (2013). Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization. Panel presented at the “Methods for Communicating the Structure and Content of a Cognitive Model”, a discussion panel at Human Factors and Ergonomics Society International Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA.

@misc{reitter2013computational,
address = {San Diego, CA},
type = {Panel},
title = {Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/warwick2013hfes.pdf},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2013}
}

{{Cite paper| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization| location = San Diego, CA| date = 2013}}

2012

Ritter, F. E., Bittner, J. L., Kase, S. E., Evertsz, R., Pedrotti, M., & Busetta, P. (2012). CoJACK: A high-level cognitive architecture with demonstrations of moderators, variability, and implications for situation awareness. Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures, 1(1), 2–13.

Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures

@article{ritter2012cojack:,
title = {{CoJACK}: {A} high-level cognitive architecture with demonstrations of moderators, variability, and implications for situation awareness},
volume = {1},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBKEPBip.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bittner, J. L. and Kase, S. E. and Evertsz, R. and Pedrotti, M. and Busetta, P.},
year = {2012},
pages = {2--13}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 1| issue = 1| pages = 2–13| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Bittner| first2 = J. L.| last3 = Kase| first3 = S. E.| last4 = Evertsz| first4 = R.| last5 = Pedrotti| first5 = M.| last6 = Busetta| first6 = P.| title = CoJACK: A high-level cognitive architecture with demonstrations of moderators, variability, and implications for situation awareness| journal = Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures| date = 2012}}

Georgeon, O. L., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). An intrinsically-motivated schema mechanism to model and simulate emergent cognition. Cognitive Systems Research, 73–92.

Cognitive Systems Research

@article{georgeon2012intrinsically-motivated,
title = {An intrinsically-motivated schema mechanism to model and simulate emergent cognition},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/georgeonRip.pdf},
journal = {Cognitive Systems Research},
author = {Georgeon, O. L. and Ritter, F. E.},
month = jun,
year = {2012},
pages = {73--92}
}

{{Cite journal| pages = 73–92| last1 = Georgeon| first1 = O. L.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = An intrinsically-motivated schema mechanism to model and simulate emergent cognition| journal = Cognitive Systems Research| date = 2012-06}}

Yeh, K.-C. M., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). Evaluating a Computer-Based, Declarative to Procedural (D2P) Theory Driven Training Tutor.

@article{yeh2012evaluating,
title = {Evaluating a {Computer}-{Based}, {Declarative} to {Procedural} ({D}2P) {Theory} {Driven} {Training} {Tutor}},
author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan Martin and Ritter, Frank E},
year = {2012}
}

{{Cite journal| last1 = Yeh| first1 = Kuo-Chuan Martin| last2 = Ritter| first2 = Frank E| title = Evaluating a Computer-Based, Declarative to Procedural (D2P) Theory Driven Training Tutor| date = 2012}}

Hsieh, P.-H., & Yeh, M. K.-C. (2012). Cultural effects on perceptions of unauthorized software copying. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 53(1), 42.

Journal of Computer Information Systems

@article{hsieh2012cultural,
title = {Cultural effects on perceptions of unauthorized software copying},
volume = {53},
number = {1},
journal = {Journal of Computer Information Systems},
author = {Hsieh, Pei-Hsuan and Yeh, Martin K.-C.},
year = {2012},
pages = {42}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 53| issue = 1| pages = 42| last1 = Hsieh| first1 = Pei-Hsuan| last2 = Yeh| first2 = Martin K.-C.| title = Cultural effects on perceptions of unauthorized software copying| journal = Journal of Computer Information Systems| date = 2012}}

Georgeon, O., Mille, A., Bellet, T., Mathern, B., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). Supporting activity modelling from activity traces. Expert Systems, 29(3), 261–275.

Expert Systems

@article{georgeon2012supporting,
title = {Supporting activity modelling from activity traces},
volume = {29},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/georgeonMBMR12.pdf},
number = {3},
journal = {Expert Systems},
author = {Georgeon, O. and Mille, A. and Bellet, T. and Mathern, B. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2012},
pages = {261--275}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 29| issue = 3| pages = 261–275| last1 = Georgeon| first1 = O.| last2 = Mille| first2 = A.| last3 = Bellet| first3 = T.| last4 = Mathern| first4 = B.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Supporting activity modelling from activity traces| journal = Expert Systems| date = 2012}}

Kase, S. E., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). Light models of civilian support in blue-red operations. In ICCRTS, 2012(17).

In ICCRTS

@article{kase2012light,
title = {Light models of civilian support in blue-red operations},
volume = {2012},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseR12.pdf},
number = {17},
journal = {In ICCRTS},
author = {Kase, S. E. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2012}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 2012| issue = 17| last1 = Kase| first1 = S. E.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Light models of civilian support in blue-red operations| journal = In ICCRTS| date = 2012}}

Cohen, M. A., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. R. (2012). Discovering and analyzing usability dimensions of concern. ACM Transactions on CHI, 19(2).

ACM Transactions on CHI

@article{cohen2012discovering,
title = {Discovering and analyzing usability dimensions of concern},
volume = {19},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH12.pdf},
number = {2},
journal = {ACM Transactions on CHI},
author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.},
year = {2012}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 19| issue = 2| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| title = Discovering and analyzing usability dimensions of concern| journal = ACM Transactions on CHI| date = 2012}}

Christou, G., Ritter, F. E., & Jacob, R. J. K. (2012). CODEIN - A new notation for GOMS to handle evaluations of reality-based interaction style interfaces. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 28(3), 189–201.

International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction

@article{christou2012codein,
title = {{CODEIN} - {A} new notation for {GOMS} to handle evaluations of reality-based interaction style interfaces},
volume = {28},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/christouRJip.pdf},
number = {3},
journal = {International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction},
author = {Christou, G. and Ritter, F. E. and Jacob, R. J. K.},
year = {2012},
pages = {189--201}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 28| issue = 3| pages = 189–201| last1 = Christou| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Jacob| first3 = R. J. K.| title = CODEIN - A new notation for GOMS to handle evaluations of reality-based interaction style interfaces| journal = International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction| date = 2012}}

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2012). Social cognition: memory decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance. In Twenty-Sixth Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 242–248).

AAAI

Two information decay methods are examined that help multi-agent systems cope with dynamic environments. The agents in this simulation have human-like memory and a mechanism to moderate their communications: they forget internally stored information via temporal decay‚ and they forget distributed information by filtering it as it passes through a communication network. The agents play a foraging game‚ in which performance depends on communicating facts and requests and on storing facts in internal memory. Parameters of the game and agent models are tuned to human data. Agent groups with moderated communication in small-world networks achieve optimal performance for typical human memory decay values‚ while non-adaptive agents benefit from stronger memory decay. The decay and filtering strategies interact with the properties of the network graph in ways suggestive of an evolutionary co-optimization between the human cognitive system and an external social structure.

@inproceedings{reitter2012social,
title = {Social cognition: memory decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012socialcognition.pdf},
booktitle = {Twenty-{Sixth} {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence}},
author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian},
year = {2012},
pages = {242--248}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = AAAI| pages = 242–248| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = Social cognition: memory decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance| booktitle = Twenty-Sixth Conference on Artificial Intelligence| date = 2012}}

Reitter, David, and Christian Lebiere. “Social Cognition: Memory Decay and Adaptive Information Filtering for Robust Information Maintenance.” Twenty-Sixth Conference on Artificial Intelligence. N.p., 2012. 242–248. Web.

Dancy, C. L., Ritter, F. E., & Berry, K. (2012). Towards adding a physiological substrate to ACT-R. In Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 78–85). Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society.

@inproceedings{dancy2012towards,
address = {Amelia Island, FL},
title = {Towards adding a physiological substrate to {ACT}-{R}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/dancyRB12.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {BRIMS Society},
author = {Dancy, C. L. and Ritter, F. E. and Berry, K.},
year = {2012},
pages = {78--85}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| pages = 78–85| last1 = Dancy| first1 = C. L.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Berry| first3 = K.| title = Towards adding a physiological substrate to ACT-R| booktitle = Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Amelia Island, FL| date = 2012}}

Reitter, D. (2012). Lexical language evolution in networked human groups. In Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON 2012). Chicago, IL.

The development and refinement of natural-language communication systems among networked individuals is not well understood and difficult to study. This paper uses a task providing a controlled environment for the goal-oriented‚ collaborative exchange of short‚ natural-language messages between experimental participants (20 per group) in order to demonstrate lexical convergence. A technique for illustrating convergence based on graph layout by multidimensional scaling is described. While reliable convergence is shown‚ it is limited to the collaborative or communicative situation: participants did not adopt group terms in a separately administered post-test questionnaire.

@inproceedings{reitter2012lexical,
address = {Chicago, IL},
title = {Lexical language evolution in networked human groups},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012lexical.pdf},
booktitle = {Words and {Networks}: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks} ({WON} 2012)},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2012}
}

{{Cite conference| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Lexical language evolution in networked human groups| booktitle = Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON 2012)| location = Chicago, IL| date = 2012}}

Zhao, C., Kaulakis, R., Morgan, J. H., Hiam, J. W., Sanford, J. P., Ritter, F. E., & Morgan, G. P. (2012). Socio-cognitive networks: Modeling the effects of space and memory on generative social structures. In Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 24–31). Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society.

@inproceedings{zhao2012socio-cognitive,
address = {Amelia Island, FL},
title = {Socio-cognitive networks: {Modeling} the effects of space and memory on generative social structures},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoKMHSRM12.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {BRIMS Society},
author = {Zhao, C. and Kaulakis, R. and Morgan, J. H. and Hiam, J. W. and Sanford, J. P. and Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, G. P.},
year = {2012},
pages = {24--31}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| pages = 24–31| last1 = Zhao| first1 = C.| last2 = Kaulakis| first2 = R.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Hiam| first4 = J. W.| last5 = Sanford| first5 = J. P.| last6 = Ritter| first6 = F. E.| last7 = Morgan| first7 = G. P.| title = Socio-cognitive networks: Modeling the effects of space and memory on generative social structures| booktitle = Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Amelia Island, FL| date = 2012}}

Zhao, C., Kaulakis, R., Morgan, J. H., Hiam, J. W., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). Modeling a cognitively limited network in an agent-based simulation. In Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 2603–2608). Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX.

@inproceedings{zhao2012modeling,
title = {Modeling a cognitively limited network in an agent-based simulation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoKMHR12.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 34th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
publisher = {Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX},
author = {Zhao, C. and Kaulakis, R. and Morgan, J. H. and Hiam, J. W. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2012},
pages = {2603--2608}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX| pages = 2603–2608| last1 = Zhao| first1 = C.| last2 = Kaulakis| first2 = R.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Hiam| first4 = J. W.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Modeling a cognitively limited network in an agent-based simulation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 2012}}

Orendovici, R., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). Social network analysis and simulation of the development of adversarial networks. In Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 119–126). Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society.

@inproceedings{orendovici2012social,
address = {Amelia Island, FL},
title = {Social network analysis and simulation of the development of adversarial networks},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/orendoviciR12.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {BRIMS Society},
author = {Orendovici, R. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2012},
pages = {119--126}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| pages = 119–126| last1 = Orendovici| first1 = R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Social network analysis and simulation of the development of adversarial networks| booktitle = Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Amelia Island, FL| date = 2012}}

Reitter, D., & Scerri, P. (2012). Social Multi-Agent Learning with Simple and Cognitive Agents. In Poster at CAOSS 2012: Workshop on Computational and Online Social Science. New York, N.Y.

@inproceedings{reitter2012social,
address = {New York, N.Y.},
title = {Social {Multi}-{Agent} {Learning} with {Simple} and {Cognitive} {Agents}},
booktitle = {Poster at {CAOSS} 2012: {Workshop} on {Computational} and {Online} {Social} {Science}},
author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul},
year = {2012}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Scerri| first2 = Paul| title = Social Multi-Agent Learning with Simple and Cognitive Agents| booktitle = Poster at CAOSS 2012: Workshop on Computational and Online Social Science| location = New York, N.Y.| date = 2012}}

Schaffer, S., & Reitter, D. (2012). Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces. In N. Russwinkel, U. Drewitz, & H. van Rijn (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 253–254). Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin.

ICCM

In multimodal human computer interaction users can often select between specific input modalities. Modality choice is influenced by various factors including user attributes‚ system attributes‚ the task and the environment (e.g. Lemmelä et al.‚ 2008). Here‚ we describe on-going research into cognitive models of input modality selection.

@inproceedings{schaffer2012modeling,
address = {Berlin},
title = {Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin},
author = {Schaffer, Stefan and Reitter, David},
editor = {Russwinkel, Nele and Drewitz, U. and Rijn, H. van},
year = {2012},
pages = {253--254}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin| conference = ICCM| pages = 253–254| editors = Nele Russwinkel, U. Drewitz, H. van Rijn (eds.)| last1 = Schaffer| first1 = Stefan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces| booktitle = Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Berlin| date = 2012}}

Schaffer, Stefan, and David Reitter. “Modeling Efficiency-Guided Modality Choice in Voice and Graphical User Interfaces.” Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Ed. Nele Russwinkel, U. Drewitz, and H. van Rijn. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin, 2012. 253–254. Print.

Kaulakis, R., Zhao, C., Morgan, J. H. H., W, J., Sanford, J. P., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). Defining factors of interest for large-scale socio-cognitive simulations. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2012- Eleventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 117–122). Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin.

@inproceedings{kaulakis2012defining,
address = {Berlin},
title = {Defining factors of interest for large-scale socio-cognitive simulations},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaulakisZMHSR12.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2012- {Eleventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin},
author = {Kaulakis, R. and Zhao, C. and Morgan, J. H. Hiam and W, J. and Sanford, J. P. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2012},
pages = {117--122}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin| pages = 117–122| last1 = Kaulakis| first1 = R.| last2 = Zhao| first2 = C.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H. Hiam| last4 = W| first4 = J.| last5 = Sanford| first5 = J. P.| last6 = Ritter| first6 = F. E.| title = Defining factors of interest for large-scale socio-cognitive simulations| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2012- Eleventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Berlin| date = 2012}}

Hobbs, J. N., Ritter, F. E., & Morgan, J. H. (2012). D2P/CLS: A Tutor for Combat Lifesavers. In Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 226–227). Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society.

@inproceedings{hobbs2012d2p/cls:,
address = {Amelia Island, FL},
title = {D2P/{CLS}: {A} {Tutor} for {Combat} {Lifesavers}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/hobbsRM12.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {BRIMS Society},
author = {Hobbs, J. N. and Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, J. H.},
year = {2012},
pages = {226--227}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| pages = 226–227| last1 = Hobbs| first1 = J. N.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| title = D2P/CLS: A Tutor for Combat Lifesavers| booktitle = Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Amelia Island, FL| date = 2012}}

Kennedy, W. G., Ritter, F. E., Lebiere, C., Juvina, I., Oltramari, A., Gratch, J., & Young, R. M. (2012). Cognitive Modeling of Processes “Beyond Rational.” In Proceedings of ICCM - 2012- Eleventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 55–58). Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Retrieved from http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kennedyRLJOGY12.pdf

@inproceedings{kennedy2012cognitive,
address = {Berlin},
title = {Cognitive {Modeling} of {Processes} “{Beyond} {Rational}”},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kennedyRLJOGY12.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2012- {Eleventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin},
author = {Kennedy, W. G. and Ritter, F. E. and Lebiere, C. and Juvina, I. and Oltramari, A. and Gratch, J. and Young, R. M.},
year = {2012},
pages = {55--58}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin| pages = 55–58| last1 = Kennedy| first1 = W. G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Lebiere| first3 = C.| last4 = Juvina| first4 = I.| last5 = Oltramari| first5 = A.| last6 = Gratch| first6 = J.| last7 = Young| first7 = R. M.| title = Cognitive Modeling of Processes “Beyond Rational”| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2012- Eleventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Berlin| date = 2012}}

Diesner, J., & Reitter, D. (Eds.). (2012). Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012). Chicago, IL: Association for Computing Machinery.

@book{diesner2012proc.,
address = {Chicago, IL},
title = {Proc. {Words} and {Networks} 2012: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks} ({WON}2012)},
url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W11-06.pdf},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
editor = {Diesner, Jana and Reitter, David},
year = {2012}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computing Machinery| others = Jana Diesner, David Reitter (eds.)| title = Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012)| location = Chicago, IL| date = 2012}}

Ritter, F. E. (2012). Using behavior representation models in risk-driven design. Plenary talk. Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation Conference.

Invited talk‚ plenary

@book{ritter2012using,
title = {Using behavior representation models in risk-driven design},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter12},
publisher = {Plenary talk. Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation Conference},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2012}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Plenary talk. Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation Conference| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Using behavior representation models in risk-driven design| date = 2012}}

Reitter, D., & Levy, R. (Eds.). (2012). Proc. 3rd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Montréal, Quebec, Canada: Association for Computational Linguistics.

CMCL

@book{reitter2012proc.,
address = {Montréal, Quebec, Canada},
title = {Proc. 3rd {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}},
shorttitle = {{CMCL}},
url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W/W12/W12-17.pdf},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
editor = {Reitter, David and Levy, Roger},
year = {2012}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| others = David Reitter, Roger Levy (eds.)| title = Proc. 3rd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics| location = Montréal, Quebec, Canada| date = 2012}}

Reitter, David, and Roger Levy, eds. Proc. 3rd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Montréal, Quebec, Canada: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2012. Web.

Yeh, K.-C., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). An initial evaluation of the D2P/MTT, a computer-based, Declarative to Procedural (D2P) theory driven moving target tutor (Tech Report No. ACS 2012-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{yeh2012initial,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {An initial evaluation of the {D}2P/{MTT}, a computer-based, {Declarative} to {Procedural} ({D}2P) theory driven moving target tutor},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/yehR12.pdf},
number = {ACS 2012-1},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Yeh, K.-C. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2012}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Yeh| first1 = K.-C.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = An initial evaluation of the D2P/MTT, a computer-based, Declarative to Procedural (D2P) theory driven moving target tutor| location = University Park, PA| date = 2012}}

Hobbs, J. N., Ritter, F. E., & Morgan, J. H. (2012). Combat Lifesaver (D2P/CLS): A lifesaving tutor for battlefield injuries (unpublished ACS Tech. Note No. ACS TN 2012-1) (p. 1). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{hobbs2012combat,
type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}},
title = {Combat {Lifesaver} ({D}2P/{CLS}): {A} lifesaving tutor for battlefield injuries},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/hobbsRM12.pdf},
number = {ACS TN 2012-1},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Hobbs, J. Nicholas and Ritter, Frank E. and Morgan, Jonathan H.},
year = {2012},
pages = {1}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| pages = 1| last1 = Hobbs| first1 = J. Nicholas| last2 = Ritter| first2 = Frank E.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = Jonathan H.| title = Combat Lifesaver (D2P/CLS): A lifesaving tutor for battlefield injuries| date = 2012}}

2011

Reitter, D., Keller, F., & Moore, J. D. (2011). A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming. Cognitive Science, 35(4), 587–637. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x

Cognitive Science

The psycholinguistic literature has identified two syntactic adaptation effects in language production: rapidly decaying short-term priming and long-lasting adaptation. To explain both effects‚ we present an ACT-R model of syntactic priming based on a wide-coverage‚ lexicalized syntactic theory that explains priming as facilitation of lexical access. In this model‚ two well-established ACT-R mechanisms‚ base-level learning and spreading activation‚ account for long-term adaptation and short-term priming‚ respectively. Our model simulates incremental language production and in a series of modeling studies we show that it accounts for (a) the inverse frequency interaction; (b) the absence of a decay in long-term priming; and (c) the cumulativity of long-term adaptation. The model also explains the lexical boost effect and the fact that it only applies to short-term priming. We also present corpus data that verifies a prediction of the model‚ i.e.‚ that the lexical boost affects all lexical material‚ rather than just heads.

@article{reitter2011computational,
title = {A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming},
volume = {35},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011syntacticpriming.pdf},
doi = {10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x},
number = {4},
journal = {Cognitive Science},
author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Moore, Johanna D.},
year = {2011},
pages = {587--637}
}

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x| volume = 35| issue = 4| pages = 587–637| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Keller| first2 = Frank| last3 = Moore| first3 = Johanna D.| title = A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming| journal = Cognitive Science| date = 2011}}

Ritter, F. E., Kim, J. W., Morgan, J. H., & Carlson, R. A. (2011). Practical aspects of running experiments with human participants. Universal Access in HCI, Part I, HCII, 119–128.

Universal Access in HCI, Part I, HCII

@article{ritter2011practical,
title = {Practical aspects of running experiments with human participants},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKMC11.pdf},
journal = {Universal Access in HCI, Part I, HCII},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kim, J. W. and Morgan, J. H. and Carlson, R. A.},
year = {2011},
pages = {119--128}
}

{{Cite journal| pages = 119–128| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Carlson| first4 = R. A.| title = Practical aspects of running experiments with human participants| journal = Universal Access in HCI, Part I, HCII| date = 2011}}

Ritter, F. E. (2011). Risk-driven design. HCI Consortium Workshop, June.

HCI Consortium Workshop, June

@article{ritter2011risk-driven,
title = {Risk-driven design},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter12},
journal = {HCI Consortium Workshop, June},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2011}
}

{{Cite journal| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Risk-driven design| journal = HCI Consortium Workshop, June| date = 2011}}

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2011). How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: A cognitive multi-agent model. Cognitive Systems Research, 12(2), 175–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005

Cognitive Systems Research

We simulate the evolution of a domain vocabulary in small communities. Empirical data show that human communicators can evolve graphical languages quickly in a constrained task (Pictionary)‚ and that communities converge towards a common language. We propose that simulations of such cultural evolution incorporate properties of human memory (cue-based retrieval‚ learning‚ decay). A cognitive model is described that encodes abstract concepts with small sets of concrete‚ related concepts (directing)‚ and that also decodes such signs (matching). Learning captures conventionalized signs. Relatedness of concepts is characterized by a mixture of shared and individual knowledge‚ which we sample from a text corpus. Simulations show vocabulary convergence of agent communities of varied structure‚ but idiosyncrasy in vocabularies of each dyad of models. Convergence is weakened when agents do not alternate between encoding and decoding‚ predicting the necessity of bi-directional communication. Convergence is improved by explicit feedback about communicative success. We hypothesize that humans seek out subtle clues to gauge success in order to guide their vocabulary acquisition.

@article{reitter2011how,
title = {How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: {A} cognitive multi-agent model},
volume = {12},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011domainvocabulary.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005},
number = {2},
journal = {Cognitive Systems Research},
author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian},
year = {2011},
pages = {175--185}
}

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005| volume = 12| issue = 2| pages = 175–185| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: A cognitive multi-agent model| journal = Cognitive Systems Research| date = 2011}}

Qiu, B., Ivanova, K., Yen, J., Liu, P., & Ritter, F. E. (2011). Event-driven modeling of social networks. Journal of Social Computing and Cyber-Physical Systems, 1(1), 13–32.

Journal of Social Computing and Cyber-Physical Systems

@article{qiu2011event-driven,
title = {Event-driven modeling of social networks},
volume = {1},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/qiuIYLR11.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {Journal of Social Computing and Cyber-Physical Systems},
author = {Qiu, B. and Ivanova, K. and Yen, J. and Liu, P. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2011},
pages = {13--32}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 1| issue = 1| pages = 13–32| last1 = Qiu| first1 = B.| last2 = Ivanova| first2 = K.| last3 = Yen| first3 = J.| last4 = Liu| first4 = P.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Event-driven modeling of social networks| journal = Journal of Social Computing and Cyber-Physical Systems| date = 2011}}

Ritter, F. E. (2011). Diversions and Resources. Tri-Service Cognitive Modeling Challenge Project Meeting, Keynote Presentation, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 5(2011).

Tri-service Cognitive Modeling Challenge Project meeting, keynote presentation, Aberdeen Proving Ground

@article{ritter2011diversions,
title = {Diversions and {Resources}},
volume = {5},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter11b.pdf},
number = {2011},
journal = {Tri-service Cognitive Modeling Challenge Project meeting, keynote presentation, Aberdeen Proving Ground},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
month = dec,
year = {2011}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 5| issue = 2011| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Diversions and Resources| journal = Tri-service Cognitive Modeling Challenge Project meeting, keynote presentation, Aberdeen Proving Ground| date = 2011-12}}

Kennedy, G. W., Ritter, F. E., & Best, B. J. (2011). Behavioral representation in modeling and simulation introduction to CMOT special issue - BRiMS 2010. Computational Mathematical and Organizational Theory, 17, 225–228.

Computational Mathematical and Organizational Theory

@article{kennedy2011behavioral,
title = {Behavioral representation in modeling and simulation introduction to {CMOT} special issue - {BRiMS} 2010},
volume = {17},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kennedyRB11.pdf},
journal = {Computational Mathematical and Organizational Theory},
author = {Kennedy, G. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Best, B. J.},
year = {2011},
pages = {225--228}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 17| pages = 225–228| last1 = Kennedy| first1 = G. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Best| first3 = B. J.| title = Behavioral representation in modeling and simulation introduction to CMOT special issue - BRiMS 2010| journal = Computational Mathematical and Organizational Theory| date = 2011}}

Gonzalez, C., Lebiere, C., Juvina, I., Erev, I., Zinkevich, M., & Reitter, D. (2011). Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks. In Symposium at the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS). Provo, UT.

@inproceedings{gonzalez2011scaling,
address = {Provo, UT},
title = {Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks},
booktitle = {Symposium at the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} ({BRIMS})},
author = {Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Juvina, Ion and Erev, Ido and Zinkevich, Martin and Reitter, David},
year = {2011}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Gonzalez| first1 = Cleotilde| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| last3 = Juvina| first3 = Ion| last4 = Erev| first4 = Ido| last5 = Zinkevich| first5 = Martin| last6 = Reitter| first6 = David| title = Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks| booktitle = Symposium at the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS)| location = Provo, UT| date = 2011}}

Morita, J., Miwa, K., Kojima, K., & Ritter, F. E. (2011). Modeling decision making on the use of automatation. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society (pp. 1971–1976). Austin, TX.

@inproceedings{morita2011modeling,
address = {Austin, TX},
title = {Modeling decision making on the use of automatation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/moritaMKR11.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}. {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
author = {Morita, J. and Miwa, K. and Kojima, K. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2011},
pages = {1971--1976}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 1971–1976| last1 = Morita| first1 = J.| last2 = Miwa| first2 = K.| last3 = Kojima| first3 = K.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = Modeling decision making on the use of automatation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society| location = Austin, TX| date = 2011}}

Yeh, K.-C., & Chen, W.-F. (2011). Work in progress—Using a computer gaming strategy to facilitate undergraduates’ learning in a computer programming course: An experimental study. In Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2011 (p. S4H–1).

@inproceedings{yeh2011work,
title = {Work in progress—{Using} a computer gaming strategy to facilitate undergraduates' learning in a computer programming course: {An} experimental study},
booktitle = {Frontiers in {Education} {Conference} ({FIE}), 2011},
author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan and Chen, Wei-Fan},
year = {2011},
pages = {S4H--1}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = –4H–1| last1 = Yeh| first1 = Kuo-Chuan| last2 = Chen| first2 = Wei-Fan| title = Work in progress—Using a computer gaming strategy to facilitate undergraduates' learning in a computer programming course: An experimental study| booktitle = Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2011| date = 2011}}

Reitter, D., Sycara, K., Lebiere, C., Vinokurov, Y., Juarez, A., & Lewis, M. (2011). How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks. In Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference (BRIMS) (pp. 138–145). Sundance, UT.

In an experiment involving teams of humans playing a cooperative game‚ we study the effect of local communication policies on the efficiency and the performance of teams and of individuals in different positions within a network. This design provides an experimental model of human communities‚ where information may spread from peer to peer by word of mouth. With this model‚ we explain the realistic tradeoff between liberal information dumping and targeted information sharing by human peers. Human subjects exchanged natural-language messages with relevance to a task‚ thereby sharing knowledge across a community. Communication took place along the edges of a small-world graph. Cooperation and individual efforts were incentivized. In one condition‚ participants were asked to request specific information and only supply information that they knew was needed. In another condition‚ they were asked to supply and forward as much information as possible. We found that a targeted communication policy was successfully implemented by the participants‚ increased task success‚ shortened the time it took to get answers to questions‚ increased efficiency (task success per communication bandwidth)‚ and may have done so selectively for nodes with fewer connections.

@inproceedings{reitter2011how,
address = {Sundance, UT},
title = {How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011policies.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference} ({BRIMS})},
author = {Reitter, David and Sycara, Katia and Lebiere, Christian and Vinokurov, Yury and Juarez, Antonio and Lewis, Michael},
year = {2011},
pages = {138--145}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 138–145| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Sycara| first2 = Katia| last3 = Lebiere| first3 = Christian| last4 = Vinokurov| first4 = Yury| last5 = Juarez| first5 = Antonio| last6 = Lewis| first6 = Michael| title = How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference (BRIMS)| location = Sundance, UT| date = 2011}}

Ritter, F. E., & Yeh, K.-C. M. (2011). Modeling pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics on a mobile device to help caffeine users. In Augmented Cognition International Conference (pp. 528–535).

@inproceedings{ritter2011modeling,
title = {Modeling pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics on a mobile device to help caffeine users},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterY11.pdf},
booktitle = {Augmented {Cognition} {International} {Conference}},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Yeh, K.-C. M.},
year = {2011},
pages = {528--535}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 528–535| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Yeh| first2 = K.-C. M.| title = Modeling pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics on a mobile device to help caffeine users| booktitle = Augmented Cognition International Conference| date = 2011}}

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2011). Towards Cognitive Models of Communication and Group Intelligence. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 734–739). Boston, MA.

@inproceedings{reitter2011towards,
address = {Boston, MA},
title = {Towards {Cognitive} {Models} of {Communication} and {Group} {Intelligence}},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter-lebiere2011group-intelligence.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian},
month = jul,
year = {2011},
pages = {734--739}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 734–739| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = Towards Cognitive Models of Communication and Group Intelligence| booktitle = Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society| location = Boston, MA| date = 2011-07}}

Mason, W., Reitter, D., Coman, A., & Hirst, B. (2011). Cognition and Social Dynamics: a New Approach to Emergent Phenomena. In Symposium at the 23rd Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science. Washington, D.C.

@inproceedings{mason2011cognition,
address = {Washington, D.C.},
title = {Cognition and {Social} {Dynamics}: a {New} {Approach} to {Emergent} {Phenomena}},
booktitle = {Symposium at the 23rd {Annual} {Convention} of the {Association} for {Psychological} {Science}},
author = {Mason, Winter and Reitter, David and Coman, Alin and Hirst, Bill},
year = {2011}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Mason| first1 = Winter| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Coman| first3 = Alin| last4 = Hirst| first4 = Bill| title = Cognition and Social Dynamics: a New Approach to Emergent Phenomena| booktitle = Symposium at the 23rd Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science| location = Washington, D.C.| date = 2011}}

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2011). Towards cognitive models of communication and group intelligence. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 734–739). Boston, MA: Cognitive Science Society.

CogSci

In social tasks‚ communication and task execution are
often co-dependent‚ yet they represent a tradeoff. We
present a cognitive model of an experimental task consisting
of a collaborative and competitive game played
by groups of human participants organized in a smallworld
graph. In an experiment involving teams of humans
playing a cooperative game‚ the effect of local
communication policies on the efficiency and the performance
of networked participants was observed. The
model follows the ACT-R theory and provides a formalization
of the decision-making processes and tradeoffs
involved. A simulation of the hypothetical case of unnatural
memory decay shows decreased performance and
supports a prediction of the thesis that memory limitations
have co-evolved with social structure.

@inproceedings{reitter2011towards,
address = {Boston, MA},
title = {Towards cognitive models of communication and group intelligence},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter-lebiere2011group-intelligence.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
publisher = {Cognitive Science Society},
author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian},
year = {2011},
pages = {734--739}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society| conference = CogSci| pages = 734–739| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = Towards cognitive models of communication and group intelligence| booktitle = Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society| location = Boston, MA| date = 2011}}

Reitter, David, and Christian Lebiere. “Towards Cognitive Models of Communication and Group Intelligence.” Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Boston, MA: Cognitive Science Society, 2011. 734–739. Web.

Yeh, K.-C., Xie, Y., & Ke, F. (2011). Teaching computational thinking to non-computing majors using spreadsheet functions. In Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2011 (p. F3J–1).

@inproceedings{yeh2011teaching,
title = {Teaching computational thinking to non-computing majors using spreadsheet functions},
booktitle = {Frontiers in {Education} {Conference} ({FIE}), 2011},
author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan and Xie, Ying and Ke, Fengfeng},
year = {2011},
pages = {F3J--1}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = –3J–1| last1 = Yeh| first1 = Kuo-Chuan| last2 = Xie| first2 = Ying| last3 = Ke| first3 = Fengfeng| title = Teaching computational thinking to non-computing majors using spreadsheet functions| booktitle = Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2011| date = 2011}}

Zhao, C., Hiam, J. W., Morgan, J. H., & Ritter, F. E. (2011). A multi-strategy spatial navigation model in a text-based environment. In Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 251–258). 11-BRIMS-036. 11-BRIMS-036.

@inproceedings{zhao2011multi-strategy,
title = {A multi-strategy spatial navigation model in a text-based environment},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoHMR11.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {11-BRIMS-036. 11-BRIMS-036},
author = {Zhao, C. and Hiam, J. W. and Morgan, J. H. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2011},
pages = {251--258}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 11-BRIMS-036. 11-BRIMS-036| pages = 251–258| last1 = Zhao| first1 = C.| last2 = Hiam| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = A multi-strategy spatial navigation model in a text-based environment| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2011}}

Morita, J., Miwa, K., Maehigasi, A., Terai, H., Kojima, K., & Ritter, F. E. (2011). Modeling human-automation interaction in a unified cognitive architecture. In Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 146–153). 11-BRIMS-022. 11-BRIMS-022.

@inproceedings{morita2011modeling,
title = {Modeling human-automation interaction in a unified cognitive architecture},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/moritaMMTKR11.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {11-BRIMS-022. 11-BRIMS-022},
author = {Morita, J. and Miwa, K. and Maehigasi, A. and Terai, H. and Kojima, K. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2011},
pages = {146--153}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 11-BRIMS-022. 11-BRIMS-022| pages = 146–153| last1 = Morita| first1 = J.| last2 = Miwa| first2 = K.| last3 = Maehigasi| first3 = A.| last4 = Terai| first4 = H.| last5 = Kojima| first5 = K.| last6 = Ritter| first6 = F. E.| title = Modeling human-automation interaction in a unified cognitive architecture| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2011}}

Fang, Q., Liu, P., Yen, J., H., M. J., Shemanski, D. R., & Ritter, F. (2011). Analyzing intelligence on WMD attacks using threaded event-based simulation. In Critical Infrastructure Protection V: 5th IFIP WG 11 (pp. 23–25). 10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. : Heidelberg, Germany10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. Springer: Heidelberg, Germany: Springer.

@inproceedings{fang2011analyzing,
address = {10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. : Heidelberg, Germany10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. Springer: Heidelberg, Germany},
title = {Analyzing intelligence on {WMD} attacks using threaded event-based simulation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/fangLYMSRip.pdf},
booktitle = {Critical {Infrastructure} {Protection} {V}: 5th {IFIP} {WG} 11},
publisher = {Springer},
author = {Fang, Q. and Liu, P. and Yen, J. and H., M. J. and Shemanski, D. R. and Ritter, F.},
year = {2011},
pages = {23--25}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| pages = 23–25| last1 = Fang| first1 = Q.| last2 = Liu| first2 = P.| last3 = Yen| first3 = J.| last4 = H.| first4 = M. J.| last5 = Shemanski| first5 = D. R.| last6 = Ritter| first6 = F.| title = Analyzing intelligence on WMD attacks using threaded event-based simulation| booktitle = Critical Infrastructure Protection V: 5th IFIP WG 11| location = 10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. : Heidelberg, Germany10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. Springer: Heidelberg, Germany| date = 2011}}

Keller, F., & Reitter, D. (Eds.). (2011). Proc. 2nd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Portland, OR, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics.

@book{keller2011proc.,
address = {Portland, OR, USA},
title = {Proc. 2nd {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}},
url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W11-06.pdf},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
editor = {Keller, Frank and Reitter, David},
year = {2011}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| others = Frank Keller, David Reitter (eds.)| title = Proc. 2nd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics| location = Portland, OR, USA| date = 2011}}

Ritter, F. E., Dancy, C., & Berry, K. (2011). The case for including physiology in cognitive modeling. In Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures. 303. IOS Press: Amsterdam303. IOS Press: Amsterdam.

@incollection{ritter2011case,
title = {The case for including physiology in cognitive modeling},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterDB11.pdf},
booktitle = {Biologically {Inspired} {Cognitive} {Architectures}},
publisher = {303. IOS Press: Amsterdam303. IOS Press: Amsterdam},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Dancy, C. and Berry, K.},
year = {2011}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = 303. IOS Press: Amsterdam303. IOS Press: Amsterdam| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Dancy| first2 = C.| last3 = Berry| first3 = K.| title = Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures| chapter = The case for including physiology in cognitive modeling| date = 2011}}

Park, S.-H., Suh, I. H., Chien, J.-H., Paik, J.-H., Ritter, F. E., Oleynikov, D., & Siu, K.-C. (2011). Modeling surgical skill learning with cognitive simulation. In J. D. W. et al (Ed.), Medicine meets virtual reality 18 (pp. 428–432). IOS Press.

@incollection{park2011modeling,
title = {Modeling surgical skill learning with cognitive simulation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/parkSCPROS11.pdf},
booktitle = {Medicine meets virtual reality 18},
publisher = {IOS Press},
author = {Park, S-H. and Suh, I. H. and Chien, J-H. and Paik, J-H. and Ritter, F. E. and Oleynikov, D. and Siu, K-C.},
editor = {al, J. D. Westwood et},
year = {2011},
pages = {428--432}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = IOS Press| pages = 428–432| editors = J. D. Westwood et al (ed.)| last1 = Park| first1 = S-H.| last2 = Suh| first2 = I. H.| last3 = Chien| first3 = J-H.| last4 = Paik| first4 = J-H.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| last6 = Oleynikov| first6 = D.| last7 = Siu| first7 = K-C.| title = Medicine meets virtual reality 18| chapter = Modeling surgical skill learning with cognitive simulation| date = 2011}}

Ritter, F. E., Schoelles, M. J., Quigley, K. S., & Klein, L. C. (2011). Determining the number of model runs: Treating cognitive models as theories by not sampling their behavior. In S. Narayanan & L. Rothrock (Eds.), Human-in-the-loop simulations: Methods and practice (pp. 97–116). London: Springer-Verlag.

@incollection{ritter2011determining,
address = {London},
title = {Determining the number of model runs: {Treating} cognitive models as theories by not sampling their behavior},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterSQKip.pdf},
booktitle = {Human-in-the-loop simulations: {Methods} and practice},
publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M. J. and Quigley, K. S. and Klein, L. C.},
editor = {Narayanan, S. and Rothrock, L.},
year = {2011},
pages = {97--116}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Springer-Verlag| pages = 97–116| editors = S. Narayanan, L. Rothrock (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Schoelles| first2 = M. J.| last3 = Quigley| first3 = K. S.| last4 = Klein| first4 = L. C.| title = Human-in-the-loop simulations: Methods and practice| chapter = Determining the number of model runs: Treating cognitive models as theories by not sampling their behavior| location = London| date = 2011}}

Orendovici, R. (2011). Social network analysis and simulation of the development of advisarial networks. Unpublished MS thesis, Computer Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA.

@phdthesis{orendovici_r._social_2011,
title = {Social network analysis and simulation of the development of advisarial networks},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/orendovici11.pdf},
school = {Unpublished MS thesis, Computer Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA},
author = {{Orendovici, R.}},
year = {2011}
}

{{Cite paper| publisher = Unpublished MS thesis, Computer Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA| last = Orendovici, R.| title = Social network analysis and simulation of the development of advisarial networks| date = 2011}}

Lothian, J. M. (2011). High performance computing for agent-based cognitive modeling (Tech Report No. ACS 2011-2). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{lothian2011high,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {High performance computing for agent-based cognitive modeling},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/lothian11.pdf},
number = {ACS 2011-2},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Lothian, J. M.},
year = {2011}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Lothian| first = J. M.| title = High performance computing for agent-based cognitive modeling| location = University Park, PA| date = 2011}}

Shemanski, D. R. (2011). Stop the terrorists! Team-based simulation of an international terrorist plot to acquire and use a weapon of mass destruction (Tech Report No. ACS 2011-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{shemanski2011stop,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {Stop the terrorists! {Team}-based simulation of an international terrorist plot to acquire and use a weapon of mass destruction},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/},
number = {ACS 2011-1},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Shemanski, D. R.},
year = {2011}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Shemanski| first = D. R.| title = Stop the terrorists! Team-based simulation of an international terrorist plot to acquire and use a weapon of mass destruction| location = University Park, PA| date = 2011}}

Ritter, F. E., Morgan, J. H., Hiam, J. W., & Kim, J. W. (2011). The Moving Target Tutor (MTT) – Teaching the declarative knowledge to shoot moving targets (unpublished ACS Tech. Note No. ACS TN 2011-5) (p. 2). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{ritter2011moving,
type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}},
title = {The {Moving} {Target} {Tutor} ({MTT}) – {Teaching} the declarative knowledge to shoot moving targets},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterMHK11.pdf},
number = {ACS TN 2011-5},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, J. H. and Hiam, J. W. and Kim, J. W.},
year = {2011},
pages = {2}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| pages = 2| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = J. H.| last3 = Hiam| first3 = J. W.| last4 = Kim| first4 = J. W.| title = The Moving Target Tutor (MTT) – Teaching the declarative knowledge to shoot moving targets| date = 2011}}

Hiam, J., Zhao, C., & Ritter, F. E. (2011). VIPER: A text-based environment for intelligent agents (unpublished ACS Tech. Note No. ACS TN 2011-4) (p. 2). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{hiam2011viper:,
type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}},
title = {{VIPER}: {A} text-based environment for intelligent agents},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/hiamZR11.pdf},
number = {ACS TN 2011-4},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Hiam, J. and Zhao, C. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2011},
pages = {2}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| pages = 2| last1 = Hiam| first1 = J.| last2 = Zhao| first2 = C.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = VIPER: A text-based environment for intelligent agents| date = 2011}}

Sanford, J., & Ritter, F. E. (2011). Minimally invasive surgery simulator – Testing motor skill acquisition (unpublished ACS Tech. Note No. ACS TN 2011-3) (p. 1). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{sanford2011minimally,
type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}},
title = {Minimally invasive surgery simulator – {Testing} motor skill acquisition},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/sanfordR11.pdf},
number = {ACS TN 2011-3},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Sanford, J. and Ritter, F.E.},
year = {2011},
pages = {1}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| pages = 1| last1 = Sanford| first1 = J.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F.E.| title = Minimally invasive surgery simulator – Testing motor skill acquisition| date = 2011}}

Ritter, F. E. (2011). Some useful papers for agent-based cognitive modeling (Tech Report No. ACS 2011-3). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{ritter2011useful,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {Some useful papers for agent-based cognitive modeling},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritter11.pdf},
number = {ACS 2011-3},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Ritter, F. E. et al.},
year = {2011}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Ritter| first = F. E. et al.| title = Some useful papers for agent-based cognitive modeling| location = University Park, PA| date = 2011}}

2010

Reitter, D. (2010). Metacognition and multiple strategies in a cognitive model of online control. Journal of Artificial General Intelligence, 2(2), 20–37. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10229-011-0007-3

Journal of Artificial General Intelligence

We present a cognitive model performing the Dynamic Stocks&Flows control task‚ in which subjects control a system by counteracting a systematically changing external variable. The model uses a metacognitive layer that chooses a task strategy drawn from of two classes of strategies: precise calculation and imprecise estimation. The model‚ formulated within the ACT-R theory‚ monitors the success of each strategy continuously using instance-based learning and blended retrieval from declarative memory. The model underspecifies other portions of the task strategies‚ whose timing was determined as unbiased estimate from empirical data. The model’s predictions were evaluated on data collected from novel experimental conditions‚ which did not inform the model’s development and included discontinuous and noisy environmental change functions and a control delay. The model as well as the data show sudden changes in subject error and general learning of control; the model also correctly predicted oscillations of plausible magnitude. With its predictions‚ the model ranked first among the entries to the 2009 Dynamic Stocks&Flows modeling challenge.

@article{reitter2010metacognition,
title = {Metacognition and multiple strategies in a cognitive model of online control},
volume = {2},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010metacognition.pdf},
doi = {10.2478/v10229-011-0007-3},
number = {2},
journal = {Journal of Artificial General Intelligence},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2010},
pages = {20--37}
}

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.2478/v10229-011-0007-3| volume = 2| issue = 2| pages = 20–37| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Metacognition and multiple strategies in a cognitive model of online control| journal = Journal of Artificial General Intelligence| date = 2010}}

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2010). A cognitive model of spatial path planning. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 16(3), 220–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10588-010-9073-3

Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory

Planning a path to a destination‚ given a number of options and obstacles‚ is a common task. We suggest a two-component cognitive model that combines retrieval of knowledge about the environment with search guided by visual perception. In the first component‚ subsymbolic information‚ acquired during navigation‚ aids in the retrieval of declarative information representing possible paths to take. In the second component‚ visual information directs the search‚ which in turn creates knowledge for the first component. The model is implemented using the ACT-R cognitive architecture and makes realistic assumptions about memory access and shifts in visual attention. We present simulation results for memory-based high-level navigation in grid and tree structures‚ and visual navigation in mazes‚ varying relevant cognitive (retrieval noise and visual finsts) and environmental (maze and path size) parameters. The visual component is evaluated with data from a multi-robot control experiment‚ where subjects planned paths for robots to explore a building. We describe a method to compare trajectories without referring to aligned points in the itinerary. The evaluation shows that the model provides a good fit‚ but also that planning strategies may differ between task loads.

@article{reitter2010cognitive,
title = {A cognitive model of spatial path planning},
volume = {16},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010pathplanning.pdf},
doi = {10.1007/s10588-010-9073-3},
number = {3},
journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory},
author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian},
year = {2010},
pages = {220--245}
}

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1007/s10588-010-9073-3| volume = 16| issue = 3| pages = 220–245| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = A cognitive model of spatial path planning| journal = Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory| date = 2010}}

Klein, L. C., Bennett, J. M., Whetzel, C. A., Granger, D. A., & Ritter, F. E. (2010). Caffeine and stress alter salivary Î±-Amylase levels in young men. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, 25, 359–367.

Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental

@article{klein2010caffeine,
title = {Caffeine and stress alter salivary α-{Amylase} levels in young men},
volume = {25},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kleinBWGR10.pdf},
journal = {Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental},
author = {Klein, L. C. and Bennett, J. M. and Whetzel, C. A. and Granger, D. A. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2010},
pages = {359--367}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 25| pages = 359–367| last1 = Klein| first1 = L. C.| last2 = Bennett| first2 = J. M.| last3 = Whetzel| first3 = C. A.| last4 = Granger| first4 = D. A.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Caffeine and stress alter salivary Î±-Amylase levels in young men| journal = Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental| date = 2010}}

Cohen, M. A., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. R. (2010). Applying software engineering to agent development. AI Magazine, 31(2), 25–44.

AI Magazine

@article{cohen2010applying,
title = {Applying software engineering to agent development},
volume = {31},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRHip.pdf},
number = {2},
journal = {AI Magazine},
author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.},
year = {2010},
pages = {25--44}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 31| issue = 2| pages = 25–44| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| title = Applying software engineering to agent development| journal = AI Magazine| date = 2010}}

Morgan, J. H., Morgan, G. P., & Ritter, F. E. (2010). A preliminary model of participation for small groups. Computational and Mathematical Organization Science, 16, 246–270.

Computational and Mathematical Organization Science

@article{morgan2010preliminary,
title = {A preliminary model of participation for small groups},
volume = {16},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganMRip.pdf},
journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Science},
author = {Morgan, J. H. and Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2010},
pages = {246--270}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 16| pages = 246–270| last1 = Morgan| first1 = J. H.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = G. P.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = A preliminary model of participation for small groups| journal = Computational and Mathematical Organization Science| date = 2010}}

Gluck, K. A., Stanley, C. T., L. Richard Moore, J., Reitter, D., & Halbrügge, M. (2010). Exploration for understanding in model comparisons. Journal of Artificial General Intelligence, 2(2), 88–107.

Journal of Artificial General Intelligence

J AGI

The cognitive modeling and artificial general intelligence research communities may reap greater scientific return on research investments – may achieve an improved understanding of architectures and models – if there is more emphasis on systematic sensitivity and necessity analyses during model development‚ evaluation‚ and comparison. We demonstrate this methodological prescription with two of the models submitted for the Dynamic Stocks and Flows (DSF) Model Comparison Challenge‚ exploring the complex interactions among architectural mechanisms‚ knowledge-level strategy variants‚ and task conditions. To cope with the computational demands of these analyses we use a predictive analytics approach similar to regression trees‚ combined with parallelization on high performance computing clusters‚ to enable large scale‚ simultaneous search and exploration.

@article{gluck2010exploration,
title = {Exploration for understanding in model comparisons},
volume = {2},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/gluck2010exploration.pdf},
number = {2},
journal = {Journal of Artificial General Intelligence},
author = {Gluck, Kevin A. and Stanley, Clayton T. and L. Richard Moore, Jr. and Reitter, David and Halbrügge, Marc},
year = {2010},
pages = {88--107}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 2| issue = 2| pages = 88–107| last1 = Gluck| first1 = Kevin A.| last2 = Stanley| first2 = Clayton T.| last3 = L. Richard Moore| first3 = Jr.| last4 = Reitter| first4 = David| last5 = Halbrügge| first5 = Marc| title = Exploration for understanding in model comparisons| journal = Journal of Artificial General Intelligence| date = 2010}}

Gluck, Kevin A. et al. “Exploration for Understanding in Model Comparisons.” Journal of Artificial General Intelligence 2.2 (2010): 88–107. Web.

Yeh, K.-C. M., Gregory, J. P., & Ritter, F. E. (2010). One Laptop per Child: Polishing up the XO Laptop user experience. Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications, 18(3), 8–13.

Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications

@article{yeh2010one,
title = {One {Laptop} per {Child}: {Polishing} up the {XO} {Laptop} user experience},
volume = {18},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/yehGR10.pdf},
number = {3},
journal = {Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications},
author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan Martin and Gregory, Jonah P and Ritter, Frank E},
year = {2010},
pages = {8--13}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 18| issue = 3| pages = 8–13| last1 = Yeh| first1 = Kuo-Chuan Martin| last2 = Gregory| first2 = Jonah P| last3 = Ritter| first3 = Frank E| title = One Laptop per Child: Polishing up the XO Laptop user experience| journal = Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications| date = 2010}}

Baumann, M. R. K., Krems, J. F., & Ritter, F. E. (2010). Learning from examples does not prevent order effects in belief revision. Thinking & Reasoning, 16(2), 98–130.

Thinking & Reasoning

@article{baumann2010learning,
title = {Learning from examples does not prevent order effects in belief revision},
volume = {16},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baumannKRip.pdf},
number = {2},
journal = {Thinking \& Reasoning},
author = {Baumann, M. R. K. and Krems, J. F. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2010},
pages = {98--130}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 16| issue = 2| pages = 98–130| last1 = Baumann| first1 = M. R. K.| last2 = Krems| first2 = J. F.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Learning from examples does not prevent order effects in belief revision| journal = Thinking & Reasoning| date = 2010}}

Kennedy, W. G., Ritter, F. E., & Best, B. J. (2010). Behavioral Representation in Modeling and Simulation Introduction to CMOT Special Issue - BRiMS 2009. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 16(3), 217–219.

Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory

@article{kennedy2010behavioral,
title = {Behavioral {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation} {Introduction} to {CMOT} {Special} {Issue} - {BRiMS} 2009},
volume = {16},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kennedyRBip.pdf},
number = {3},
journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory},
author = {Kennedy, W. G. and Ritter, F. E. and Best, B. J.},
year = {2010},
pages = {217--219}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 16| issue = 3| pages = 217–219| last1 = Kennedy| first1 = W. G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Best| first3 = B. J.| title = Behavioral Representation in Modeling and Simulation Introduction to CMOT Special Issue - BRiMS 2009| journal = Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory| date = 2010}}

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2010). Accountable modeling in ACT-UP, a scalable, rapid-prototyping ACT-R implementation. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (ICCM) (pp. 199–204). Philadelphia, PA.

ACT-UP is a toolbox implementation of the ACT-R cognitive architecture‚ aimed at allowing rapid prototyping of complex models. With ACT-UP‚ we propose Accountable Modeling‚ where the only model components that are specified are those supported by empirical evidence and part of the model’s theoretical claims. ACT-UP is a library providing a programmatic interface to the classical ACT-R functionality. Implemented in a functional programming paradigm‚ models are reusable in other contexts. The toolbox is demonstrated using five implemented and evaluated cognitive models.

@inproceedings{reitter2010accountable,
address = {Philadelphia, PA},
title = {Accountable modeling in {ACT}-{UP}, a scalable, rapid-prototyping {ACT}-{R} implementation},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter2010act-up.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} ({ICCM})},
author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian},
year = {2010},
pages = {199--204}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 199–204| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = Accountable modeling in ACT-UP, a scalable, rapid-prototyping ACT-R implementation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (ICCM)| location = Philadelphia, PA| date = 2010}}

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2010). Did social networks shape language evolution? A multi-agent cognitive simulation. In Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics Workshop (CMCL) (pp. 9–17). Uppsala, Sweden: Association for Computational Linguistics.

Natural language as well as other commu- nication forms are constrained by cognitive function and evolved through a social process. Here‚ we examine whether hu- man memory may be uniquely adapted to the social structures prevalent in groups‚ specifically small-world networks. The emergence of domain languages is simulated using an empirically evaluated ACT-R-based cognitive model of agents in a naming game played within communities. Several community structures are examined (grids‚ trees‚ random graphs and small-world networks). We present pre- liminary results from small-scale simulations‚ showing relative robustness of cognitive models to network structure.

@inproceedings{reitter2010did,
address = {Uppsala, Sweden},
title = {Did social networks shape language evolution? {A} multi-agent cognitive simulation},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter2010networks.pdf},
booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics} {Workshop} ({CMCL})},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian},
year = {2010},
pages = {9--17}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| pages = 9–17| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = Did social networks shape language evolution? A multi-agent cognitive simulation| booktitle = Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics Workshop (CMCL)| location = Uppsala, Sweden| date = 2010}}

Lebiere, C., & Reitter, D. (2010). ACT-UP: A cognitive modeling toolkit for composition, reuse and integration. In Talk at MODSIM World Conference and Expo. Hampton, VA.

@inproceedings{lebiere2010act-up:,
address = {Hampton, VA},
title = {{ACT}-{UP}: {A} cognitive modeling toolkit for composition, reuse and integration},
booktitle = {Talk at {MODSIM} {World} {Conference} and {Expo}},
author = {Lebiere, Christian and Reitter, David},
year = {2010}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Lebiere| first1 = Christian| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = ACT-UP: A cognitive modeling toolkit for composition, reuse and integration| booktitle = Talk at MODSIM World Conference and Expo| location = Hampton, VA| date = 2010}}

Zhao, C., Paik, J., Morgan, J. H., & Ritter, F. E. (2010). Validating a high level behavioral representation language (Herbal): A docking study between for ACT-R. In Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures. Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press.

@inproceedings{zhao2010validating,
title = {Validating a high level behavioral representation language ({Herbal}): {A} docking study between for {ACT}-{R}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoPMR10.pdf},
booktitle = {Biologically {Inspired} {Cognitive} {Architectures}},
publisher = {Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press},
author = {Zhao, C. and Paik, J. and Morgan, J. H. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2010}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press| last1 = Zhao| first1 = C.| last2 = Paik| first2 = J.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = Validating a high level behavioral representation language (Herbal): A docking study between for ACT-R| booktitle = Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures| date = 2010}}

Reitter, D., Juvina, I., Stocco, A., & Lebiere, C. (2010). Resistance is futile: winning lemonade market share through metacognitive reasoning in a three-agent cooperative game. In Proceedings of the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS). Charleston, SC.

The Lemonade Game is a three-player game in which players have to pick locations on a circular board‚ which are as far away as possible from those chosen independently by other players. Players may observe other player’s moves and infer their strategies. The game was studied using a competition of cognitively motivated agents‚ which inherit properties of adaptivity and stochasticity from human memory and decision-making‚ and simplistic‚ yet effective agents implementing fixed strategies. We argue that metacognition is the unique attribute that allows sophisticated agents to adapt to unforeseen conditions‚ cooperators and competitors.

@inproceedings{reitter2010resistance,
address = {Charleston, SC},
title = {Resistance is futile: winning lemonade market share through metacognitive reasoning in a three-agent cooperative game},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010lemonade.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} ({BRIMS})},
author = {Reitter, David and Juvina, Ion and Stocco, Andrea and Lebiere, Christian},
year = {2010}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Juvina| first2 = Ion| last3 = Stocco| first3 = Andrea| last4 = Lebiere| first4 = Christian| title = Resistance is futile: winning lemonade market share through metacognitive reasoning in a three-agent cooperative game| booktitle = Proceedings of the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS)| location = Charleston, SC| date = 2010}}

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2010). On the influence of network structure on language evolution. In R. Sun (Ed.), Proc. CogSci Workshop on Cognitive Social Sciences: Grounding the Social Sciences in the Cognitive Sciences. Portland, OR.

@inproceedings{reitter2010influence,
address = {Portland, OR},
title = {On the influence of network structure on language evolution},
booktitle = {Proc. {CogSci} {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Social} {Sciences}: {Grounding} the {Social} {Sciences} in the {Cognitive} {Sciences}},
author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian},
editor = {Sun, Ron},
year = {2010}
}

{{Cite conference| editors = Ron Sun (ed.)| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = On the influence of network structure on language evolution| booktitle = Proc. CogSci Workshop on Cognitive Social Sciences: Grounding the Social Sciences in the Cognitive Sciences| location = Portland, OR| date = 2010}}

Warwick, W., Dutt, V., Gluck, K. A., & Reitter, D. (2010). Results and lessons learned from the 2009 DSF model comparison challenge. In Symposium at the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference. Charleston, SC.

BRiMS

@inproceedings{warwick2010results,
address = {Charleston, SC},
title = {Results and lessons learned from the 2009 {DSF} model comparison challenge},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/warwick2010symposium.pdf},
booktitle = {Symposium at the 19th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference}},
author = {Warwick, Walter and Dutt, Varun and Gluck, Kevin A. and Reitter, David},
year = {2010}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = BRiMS| last1 = Warwick| first1 = Walter| last2 = Dutt| first2 = Varun| last3 = Gluck| first3 = Kevin A.| last4 = Reitter| first4 = David| title = Results and lessons learned from the 2009 DSF model comparison challenge| booktitle = Symposium at the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference| location = Charleston, SC| date = 2010}}

Warwick, Walter et al. “Results and Lessons Learned from the 2009 DSF Model Comparison Challenge.” Symposium at the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference. Charleston, SC: N.p., 2010. Web.

Lebiere, C., Stocco, A., Reitter, D., & Juvina, I. (2010). Scaling up high-fidelity cognitive modeling to real-world applications. In Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application (pp. 1–20). Amsterdam, NL.

@inproceedings{lebiere2010scaling,
address = {Amsterdam, NL},
title = {Scaling up high-fidelity cognitive modeling to real-world applications},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {NATO} {Workshop} on {Human} {Modeling} for {Military} {Application}},
author = {Lebiere, Christian and Stocco, Andrea and Reitter, David and Juvina, Ion},
year = {2010},
pages = {1--20}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 1–20| last1 = Lebiere| first1 = Christian| last2 = Stocco| first2 = Andrea| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| last4 = Juvina| first4 = Ion| title = Scaling up high-fidelity cognitive modeling to real-world applications| booktitle = Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application| location = Amsterdam, NL| date = 2010}}

Lebiere, Christian et al. “Scaling up High-Fidelity Cognitive Modeling to Real-World Applications.” Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application. Amsterdam, NL: N.p., 2010. 1–20. Print.

Velazquez, M. A., & Frank E. Ritter, F. E. (2010). External factors affecting perceived usability: A closer look at the effect of emotion prior to interaction. In the 7th International Conference on Design & Emotion. Chicago: IIT Institute of Design: , IL. IIT Institute of Design: Chicago, IL.

@inproceedings{velazquez2010external,
address = {Chicago},
title = {External factors affecting perceived usability: {A} closer look at the effect of emotion prior to interaction},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/velaquezR10.pdf},
booktitle = {the 7th {International} {Conference} on {Design} \& {Emotion}},
publisher = {IIT Institute of Design: , IL. IIT Institute of Design: Chicago, IL},
author = {Velazquez, M. A. and Frank E. Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2010}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = IIT Institute of Design: , IL. IIT Institute of Design: Chicago, IL| last1 = Velazquez| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Frank E. Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = External factors affecting perceived usability: A closer look at the effect of emotion prior to interaction| booktitle = the 7th International Conference on Design & Emotion| location = Chicago| date = 2010}}

Lebiere, C., Stocco, A., Reitter, D., & Juvina, I. (2010). High-Fidelity Cognitive Modeling to Real-World Applications. In Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application. Amsterdam, NL.

@inproceedings{lebiere2010high-fidelity,
address = {Amsterdam, NL},
title = {High-{Fidelity} {Cognitive} {Modeling} to {Real}-{World} {Applications}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {NATO} {Workshop} on {Human} {Modeling} for {Military} {Application}},
author = {Lebiere, Christian and Stocco, Andrea and Reitter, David and Juvina, Ion},
year = {2010}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Lebiere| first1 = Christian| last2 = Stocco| first2 = Andrea| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| last4 = Juvina| first4 = Ion| title = High-Fidelity Cognitive Modeling to Real-World Applications| booktitle = Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application| location = Amsterdam, NL| date = 2010}}

Paik, J., Kim, J. W., Ritter, F. E., Morgan, J. H., Haynes, S. R., & Cohen, M. A. (2010). Building large learning models with Herbal. In D. D. Salvucci & G. Gunzelmann (Eds.) (pp. 187–191). Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling.

@incollection{paik2010building,
title = {Building large learning models with {Herbal}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/paikKRMHC10.pdf},
publisher = {Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling},
author = {Paik, J. and Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, J. H. and Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. A.},
editor = {Salvucci, D. D. and Gunzelmann, G.},
year = {2010},
pages = {187--191}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| pages = 187–191| editors = D. D. Salvucci, G. Gunzelmann (eds.)| last1 = Paik| first1 = J.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Morgan| first4 = J. H.| last5 = Haynes| first5 = S. R.| last6 = Cohen| first6 = M. A.| chapter = Building large learning models with Herbal| date = 2010}}

Georgeon, O. L., Morgan, J. H., & Ritter, F. E. (2010). An algorithm for self-motivated hierarchical sequence learning. In D. D. Salvucci & G. Gunzelmann (Eds.) (pp. 73–78). Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling.

@incollection{georgeon2010algorithm,
title = {An algorithm for self-motivated hierarchical sequence learning},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/georgeonMR10.pdf},
publisher = {Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling},
author = {Georgeon, O. L. and Morgan, J. H. and Ritter, F. E.},
editor = {Salvucci, D. D. and Gunzelmann, G.},
year = {2010},
pages = {73--78}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| pages = 73–78| editors = D. D. Salvucci, G. Gunzelmann (eds.)| last1 = Georgeon| first1 = O. L.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = J. H.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| chapter = An algorithm for self-motivated hierarchical sequence learning| date = 2010}}

Stark, R. F. (2010). Aiding the user input to virtual training environments: Virtual role players with speech and gesture recognition (Unpublished MS thesis, Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State University, University Park, PA).

@phdthesis{stark_r._f._aiding_2010,
type = {Unpublished {MS} thesis, {Information} {Sciences} and {Technology}, {Penn} {State} {University}, {University} {Park}, {PA}},
title = {Aiding the user input to virtual training environments: {Virtual} role players with speech and gesture recognition},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stark10.pdf},
author = {{Stark, R. F.}},
year = {2010}
}

{{Cite paper| last = Stark, R. F.| title = Aiding the user input to virtual training environments: Virtual role players with speech and gesture recognition| date = 2010}}

Reitter, D. (2010). ACT-UP - a lightweight, scalable, underspecifiable ACT-R implementation.

@misc{reitter2010act-up,
title = {{ACT}-{UP} - a lightweight, scalable, underspecifiable {ACT}-{R} implementation},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/actup.html},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2010}
}

{{Cite| last = Reitter| first = David| title = ACT-UP - a lightweight, scalable, underspecifiable ACT-R implementation| date = 2010}}

Reitter, David. ACT-UP - a Lightweight, Scalable, Underspecifiable ACT-R Implementation. N.p., 2010. Web.

2009

Ritter, F. E. (2009). 認知モデリングける二つのフロンティア. 感情とユーザビリティ (Two cognitive modeling frontiers: Emotions and usability). 認知科学におけるモデルベースアプローチ」 (Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence), 24(2), 245–252. Retrieved from http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09c.pdf

認知科学におけるモデルベースアプローチ」 (Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence)

@article{ritter2009.,
title = {認知モデリングける二つのフロンティア. 感情とユーザビリティ ({Two} cognitive modeling frontiers: {Emotions} and usability)},
volume = {24},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09c.pdf},
number = {2},
journal = {認知科学におけるモデルベースアプローチ」 (Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence)},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
translator = {Morita, J.},
year = {2009},
pages = {245--252}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 24| issue = 2| pages = 245–252| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| others = J. Morita (trans.)| title = 認知モデリングける二つのフロンティア. 感情とユーザビリティ (Two  cognitive modeling frontiers: Emotions and usability)| journal = 認知科学におけるモデルベースアプローチ」 (Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial  Intelligence)| date = 2009}}

Haynes, S. R., Cohen, M. A., & Ritter, F. E. (2009). Design patterns for explaining intelligent systems. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 67(1), 99–110.

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

@article{haynes2009design,
title = {Design patterns for explaining intelligent systems},
volume = {67},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesCR09.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {International Journal of Human-Computer Studies},
author = {Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2009},
pages = {99--110}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 67| issue = 1| pages = 99–110| last1 = Haynes| first1 = S. R.| last2 = Cohen| first2 = M. A.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Design patterns for explaining intelligent systems| journal = International Journal of Human-Computer Studies| date = 2009}}

Ritter, F. E. (2009). Two cognitive modeling frontiers: Emotions and usability. Journal of Japanese AI Research, 24(2), 241–249.

Journal of Japanese AI Research

@article{ritter2009two,
title = {Two cognitive modeling frontiers: {Emotions} and usability},
volume = {24},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09b.pdf},
number = {2},
journal = {Journal of Japanese AI Research},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2009},
pages = {241--249}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 24| issue = 2| pages = 241–249| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Two cognitive modeling frontiers: Emotions and usability| journal = Journal of Japanese AI Research| date = 2009}}

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2009). A subsymbolic and visual model of spatial path planning. In Proc. Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (BRIMS).

Best paper award BRIMS 2009

Planning a path to a destination‚ given a number of options and obstacles‚ is a common task. We suggest a two-component cognitive model that combines retrieval of knowledge about the environment with search guided by visual perception. In the first component‚ subsymbolic information‚ acquired during navigation‚ aids in the retrieval of declarative information representing possible paths to take. In the second component‚ visual information directs the search‚ which in turn creates knowledge for the first component. The model is implemented using the ACT-R cognitive architecture and makes realistic assumptions about memory access and shifts in visual attention. We present simulation results for memory-based high-level navigation in grid and tree structures‚ and visual navigation in mazes‚ varying relevant cognitive (retrieval noise‚ visual finsts) and environmental (maze and path size) parameters.

@inproceedings{reitter2009subsymbolic,
title = {A subsymbolic and visual model of spatial path planning},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter2009pathplanning.pdf},
booktitle = {Proc. {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation} ({BRIMS})},
author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian},
year = {2009},
note = {Best paper award BRIMS 2009}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = A subsymbolic and visual model of spatial path planning| booktitle = Proc. Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (BRIMS)| date = 2009}}

Paik, J., Kim, J. W., & Ritter, F. E. (2009). A preliminary ACT-R compiler in Herbal. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 466–467). England. Manchester, England: Manchester.

@inproceedings{paik2009preliminary,
address = {England. Manchester, England},
title = {A preliminary {ACT}-{R} compiler in {Herbal}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/paikKR09.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Manchester},
author = {Paik, J. and Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2009},
pages = {466--467}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Manchester| pages = 466–467| last1 = Paik| first1 = J.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = A preliminary ACT-R compiler in Herbal| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = England. Manchester, England| date = 2009}}

Friedrich, M. B., & Frank E. Ritter, F. E. (2009). Reimplementing a diagrammatic reasoning model in Herbal. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 438–439). England. Manchester, England: Manchester.

@inproceedings{friedrich2009reimplementing,
address = {England. Manchester, England},
title = {Reimplementing a diagrammatic reasoning model in {Herbal}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/friedrichR09.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Manchester},
author = {Friedrich, M. B. and Frank E. Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2009},
pages = {438--439}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Manchester| pages = 438–439| last1 = Friedrich| first1 = M. B.| last2 = Frank E. Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Reimplementing a diagrammatic reasoning model in Herbal| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = England. Manchester, England| date = 2009}}

Georgeon, O. L., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. R. (2009). Modeling bottom-up learning from activity in Soar. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 65–72). 09-BRIMS-16. 09-BRIMS-16.

@inproceedings{georgeon2009modeling,
title = {Modeling bottom-up learning from activity in {Soar}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/georgeonRH09.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {09-BRIMS-16. 09-BRIMS-16},
author = {Georgeon, O. L. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.},
year = {2009},
pages = {65--72}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 09-BRIMS-16. 09-BRIMS-16| pages = 65–72| last1 = Georgeon| first1 = O. L.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| title = Modeling bottom-up learning from activity in Soar| booktitle = Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2009}}

Yeh, K.-C. (2009). Using an educational computer game as a motivational tool for supplemental instruction delivery for novice programmers in learning computer programming. In Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference (Vol. 2009, pp. 1611–1616).

@inproceedings{yeh2009using,
title = {Using an educational computer game as a motivational tool for supplemental instruction delivery for novice programmers in learning computer programming},
volume = {2009},
booktitle = {Society for {Information} {Technology} \& {Teacher} {Education} {International} {Conference}},
author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan},
year = {2009},
pages = {1611--1616}
}

{{Cite conference| volume = 2009| pages = 1611–1616| last = Yeh| first = Kuo-Chuan| title = Using an educational computer game as a motivational tool for supplemental instruction delivery for novice programmers in learning computer programming| booktitle = Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference| date = 2009}}

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2009). Towards explaining the evolution of domain languages with cognitive simulation. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (ICCM). Manchester, UK.

We simulate the evolution of a domain language in small speaker communities. Data from experiments (Garrod et al.‚ 2007; Fay et al.‚ 2008) show that human communicators can evolve graphical languages quickly in a constrained task (Pictionary)‚ and that communities converge towards a common language even in the absence of feedback about the success of each communication. We postulate that simulations of such horizontal evolution have to take into account properties of human memory (cue-based retrieval‚ learning‚ decay). We implement a model that can draw abstract concepts through sets of non-abstract‚ related concepts‚ and recognize such drawings. The knowledge base is a network with association strengths randomly sampled from a natural distribution found in a text corpus; it is a mixture of knowledge shared between agents and individual knowledge. In three experiments‚ we show that the agent communities converge‚ but that initial convergence is stronger when communities are structured so that the same pairs of agents interact throughout. Convergence is weaker in communities when agents do not swap roles (between recognizing and drawing)‚ predicting the necessity of bi-directional communication in domain language evolution. Average and ultimate recognition performance depends on how much of the knowledge agents share initially.

@inproceedings{reitter2009towards,
address = {Manchester, UK},
title = {Towards explaining the evolution of domain languages with cognitive simulation},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter2009evolution.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 9th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} ({ICCM})},
author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian},
year = {2009}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = Towards explaining the evolution of domain languages with cognitive simulation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (ICCM)| location = Manchester, UK| date = 2009}}

Kase, S. E., Ritter, F. E., & Schoelles, M. (2009). Caffeine’s effect on appraisal and mental arithmetic performance: A cognitive modeling approach tells us more. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 39–46). Manchester, England.

@inproceedings{kase2009caffeines,
address = {Manchester, England},
title = {Caffeine's effect on appraisal and mental arithmetic performance: {A} cognitive modeling approach tells us more},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRS09.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
author = {Kase, S. E. and Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M.},
year = {2009},
pages = {39--46}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 39–46| last1 = Kase| first1 = S. E.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Schoelles| first3 = M.| title = Caffeine's effect on appraisal and mental arithmetic performance: A cognitive modeling approach tells us more| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Manchester, England| date = 2009}}

Morgan, J. H., Morgan, G. P., Ritter, F. E., & Poncelin de Raucourt, V. (2009). A preliminary model of participation. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 129–136). 09-BRIMS-27. 09-BRIMS-27.

@inproceedings{morgan2009preliminary,
title = {A preliminary model of participation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganMRip.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {09-BRIMS-27. 09-BRIMS-27},
author = {Morgan, J. H. and Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E. and Poncelin de Raucourt, V.},
year = {2009},
pages = {129--136}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 09-BRIMS-27. 09-BRIMS-27| pages = 129–136| last1 = Morgan| first1 = J. H.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = G. P.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Poncelin de Raucourt| first4 = V.| title = A preliminary model of participation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2009}}

Cohen, M. A., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. R. (2009). Evaluating design: A formative evaluation of agent development environments used for teaching rule-based programming. In The Proceedings of the Information Systems Education Conference 2009 (pp. 1542–7382). Washington: v 26 ( DC): Â§1754. ISSN:v 26 (Washington DC): Â§1754. ISSN.

@inproceedings{cohen2009evaluating,
address = {Washington},
title = {Evaluating design: {A} formative evaluation of agent development environments used for teaching rule-based programming},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH09.pdf},
booktitle = {The {Proceedings} of the {Information} {Systems} {Education} {Conference} 2009},
publisher = {v 26 ( DC): §1754. ISSN:v 26 (Washington DC): §1754. ISSN},
author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.},
year = {2009},
pages = {1542--7382}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = v 26 ( DC): Â§1754. ISSN:v 26 (Washington DC): Â§1754. ISSN| pages = 1542–7382| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| title = Evaluating design: A formative evaluation of agent development environments used for teaching rule-based programming| booktitle = The Proceedings of the Information Systems Education Conference 2009| location = Washington| date = 2009}}

Reitter, D., Lebiere, C., Lewis, M., Wang, H., & Ma, Z. (2009). A cognitive model of visual path planning in a multi-robot control system. In Proceedings Systems Man Cybernetics 2009. San Antonio, TX: 7 pages.

IEEE-SMC

We discuss an experiment involving visual path planning for multiple‚ remote robots in a partially visible building‚ with a partial 2D map available. Participants in the experiment defined waypoints for each robot to circumnavigate obstacles and explore the building. A cognitively plausible model of visual planning is evaluated using a normalized metric of the fit between model and subject itineraries. We discuss variation in the data and model fit‚ indicating individual differences in strategies to cope with task demands.

@inproceedings{reitter2009cognitive,
address = {San Antonio, TX},
title = {A cognitive model of visual path planning in a multi-robot control system},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/Reitter2009robot-path.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings {Systems} {Man} {Cybernetics} 2009},
publisher = {7 pages},
author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian and Lewis, Michael and Wang, Huadong and Ma, Zheng},
year = {2009}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 7 pages| conference = IEEE-SMC| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| last3 = Lewis| first3 = Michael| last4 = Wang| first4 = Huadong| last5 = Ma| first5 = Zheng| title = A cognitive model of visual path planning in a multi-robot control system| booktitle = Proceedings Systems Man Cybernetics 2009| location = San Antonio, TX| date = 2009}}

Reitter, David et al. “A Cognitive Model of Visual Path Planning in a Multi-Robot Control System.” Proceedings Systems Man Cybernetics 2009. San Antonio, TX: 7 pages, 2009. Web.

Kase, S. E., Ritter, F. E., & Schoelles, M. (2009). Serial subtraction errors revealed. In Proceedings of the 31th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 1551–1556). Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX.

@inproceedings{kase2009serial,
title = {Serial subtraction errors revealed},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRS09b.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
publisher = {Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX},
author = {Kase, S. E. and Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M.},
year = {2009},
pages = {1551--1556}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX| pages = 1551–1556| last1 = Kase| first1 = S. E.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Schoelles| first3 = M.| title = Serial subtraction errors revealed| booktitle = Proceedings of the 31th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 2009}}

Evertsz, R., Pedrotti, M., Busetta, P., Acar, H., & Ritter, F. E. (2009). Populating VBS2 with realistic virtual actors. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 1–8). 09-BRIMS-04. 09-BRIMS-04.

@inproceedings{evertsz2009populating,
title = {Populating {VBS}2 with realistic virtual actors},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszPBAR09.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {09-BRIMS-04. 09-BRIMS-04},
author = {Evertsz, R. and Pedrotti, M. and Busetta, P. and Acar, H. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2009},
pages = {1--8}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 09-BRIMS-04. 09-BRIMS-04| pages = 1–8| last1 = Evertsz| first1 = R.| last2 = Pedrotti| first2 = M.| last3 = Busetta| first3 = P.| last4 = Acar| first4 = H.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Populating VBS2 with realistic virtual actors| booktitle = Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2009}}

Ritter, F. E. (2009). Tutorial on: Human-system integration in the system development process: A new look. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. EnglandManchester, England: Manchester.

@inproceedings{ritter2009tutorial,
address = {EnglandManchester, England},
title = {Tutorial on: {Human}-system integration in the system development process: {A} new look},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09d.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Manchester},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2009}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Manchester| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Tutorial on: Human-system integration in the system development process: A new look| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = EnglandManchester, England| date = 2009}}

Kase, S., & Ritter, F. E. (2009). A high performance approach to model calibration and validation. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 39–46). 09-BRIMS-10. 09-BRIMS-10.

@inproceedings{kase2009high,
title = {A high performance approach to model calibration and validation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseR09.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {09-BRIMS-10. 09-BRIMS-10},
author = {Kase, S. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2009},
pages = {39--46}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 09-BRIMS-10. 09-BRIMS-10| pages = 39–46| last1 = Kase| first1 = S.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = A high performance approach to model calibration and validation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2009}}

Yeh, K.-C. (2009). Toward Understanding the Cognitive Processes of Software Design in Novice Programmers. Pennsylvania State University.

@phdthesis{yeh2009toward,
title = {Toward {Understanding} the {Cognitive} {Processes} of {Software} {Design} in {Novice} {Programmers}},
school = {Pennsylvania State University},
author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan},
year = {2009}
}

{{Cite paper| publisher = Pennsylvania State University| last = Yeh| first = Kuo-Chuan| title = Toward Understanding the Cognitive Processes of Software Design in Novice Programmers| date = 2009}}

Ritter, F. E., Kase, S. E., Klein, L. C., Bennett, J., & Schoelles, M. (2009). Fitting a model to behavior tells us what changes cognitively when under stress and with caffeine (Technical Report). In Proceedings of the Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures Symposium at the AAAI Fall Syposium. Keynote presentation.

@techreport{ritter2009fitting,
type = {Technical {Report}},
title = {Fitting a model to behavior tells us what changes cognitively when under stress and with caffeine},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKKBS09.pdf},
institution = {In Proceedings of the Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures Symposium at the AAAI Fall Syposium. Keynote presentation},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kase, S. E. and Klein, L. C. and Bennett, J. and Schoelles, M.},
year = {2009}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = In Proceedings of the Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures Symposium at the AAAI Fall Syposium. Keynote presentation| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kase| first2 = S. E.| last3 = Klein| first3 = L. C.| last4 = Bennett| first4 = J.| last5 = Schoelles| first5 = M.| title = Fitting a model to behavior tells us what changes cognitively when under stress and with caffeine| date = 2009}}

Ritter, F. E., Kim, J. W., & Morgan, J. H. (2009). Running behavioral experiments with human participants: A practical guide (Tech Report No. ACS 2009-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{ritter2009running,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {Running behavioral experiments with human participants: {A} practical guide},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterKM09.pdf},
number = {ACS 2009-1},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kim, J. W. and Morgan, J. H.},
year = {2009}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| title = Running behavioral experiments with human participants: A practical guide| location = University Park, PA| date = 2009}}

Reitter, D. (2009). Two-level, multi-strategy memory based control. Talk presented at the Dynamic Stocks and Flows Modeling Challenge Symposium (competition winner), International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (ICCM), Manchester, UK.

ICCM

@misc{reitter2009two-level,
address = {Manchester, UK},
type = {Talk},
title = {Two-level, multi-strategy memory based control},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2009}
}

{{Cite paper| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Two-level, multi-strategy memory based control| location = Manchester, UK| date = 2009}}

Reitter, David. “Two-Level, Multi-Strategy Memory Based Control.” Dynamic Stocks and Flows Modeling Challenge Symposium (competition winner), International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (ICCM). Manchester, UK. 2009. Talk.

2008

Carroll, J. M., Haynes, S. R., Ritter, F. E., Rosson, M. B., & Zhang, X. L. (2008). The d-school in the i-school: HCI and design research. iConference, 2008.

iConference

@article{carroll2008d-school,
title = {The d-school in the i-school: {HCI} and design research},
volume = {2008},
journal = {iConference},
author = {Carroll, J. M. and Haynes, S. R. and Ritter, F. E. and Rosson, M. B. and Zhang, X. L.},
year = {2008}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 2008| last1 = Carroll| first1 = J. M.| last2 = Haynes| first2 = S. R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Rosson| first4 = M. B.| last5 = Zhang| first5 = X. L.| title = The d-school in the i-school: HCI and design research| journal = iConference| date = 2008}}

Ritter, F. E. (2008). High-level behavior representation languages and moderators of behavior. The USMA Network Science Workshop, 15–17.

The USMA Network Science Workshop

@article{ritter2008high-level,
title = {High-level behavior representation languages and moderators of behavior},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter08b.pdf},
journal = {The USMA Network Science Workshop},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
month = oct,
year = {2008},
pages = {15--17}
}

{{Cite journal| pages = 15–17| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = High-level behavior representation languages and moderators of behavior| journal = The USMA Network Science Workshop| date = 2008-10}}

Klein, L. C., Bennett, J. M., Whetzel, C. A., & Ritter, F. E. (2008). Daily caffeine use impacts neuroendocrine and cardiovascular responses to laboratory stress in healthy men. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society, Baltimore, MD, 70(3).

Presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society, Baltimore, MD

@article{klein2008daily,
title = {Daily caffeine use impacts neuroendocrine and cardiovascular responses to laboratory stress in healthy men},
volume = {70},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kleinBWR08.pdf},
number = {3},
journal = {Presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society, Baltimore, MD},
author = {Klein, L. C. and Bennett, J. M. and Whetzel, C. A. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2008}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 70| issue = 3| last1 = Klein| first1 = L. C.| last2 = Bennett| first2 = J. M.| last3 = Whetzel| first3 = C. A.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = Daily caffeine use impacts neuroendocrine and cardiovascular responses to laboratory stress in healthy men| journal = Presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society, Baltimore, MD| date = 2008}}

Ritter, F. E., & Bibby, P. A. (2008). Modeling how, when, and what learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task. Cognitive Science, 32, 862–892.

Cognitive Science

@article{ritter2008modeling,
title = {Modeling how, when, and what learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task},
volume = {32},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBip.pdf},
journal = {Cognitive Science},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bibby, P. A.},
year = {2008},
pages = {862--892}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 32| pages = 862–892| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Bibby| first2 = P. A.| title = Modeling how, when, and what learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task| journal = Cognitive Science| date = 2008}}

Haynes, S. R., Kannampallil, T. G., Cohen, M. A., Soares, A., & Ritter, F. E. (2008). Rampart: A service and agent-based architecture for anti-terrorism planning and resource allocation. In Proceedings of the First European Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics (pp. 260–270). Berlin: Springer.

@inproceedings{haynes2008rampart:,
address = {Berlin},
title = {Rampart: {A} service and agent-based architecture for anti-terrorism planning and resource allocation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesKCR08.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {First} {European} {Conference} on {Intelligence} and {Security} {Informatics}},
publisher = {Springer},
author = {Haynes, S. R. and Kannampallil, T. G. and Cohen, M. A. and Soares, A. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2008},
pages = {260--270}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| pages = 260–270| last1 = Haynes| first1 = S. R.| last2 = Kannampallil| first2 = T. G.| last3 = Cohen| first3 = M. A.| last4 = Soares| first4 = A.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Rampart: A service and agent-based architecture for anti-terrorism planning and resource allocation| booktitle = Proceedings of the First European Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics| location = Berlin| date = 2008}}

Evertsz, R., Busetta, P., Pedrotti, M., Ritter, F. E., & Bittner, J. L. (2008). CoJACK - Achieving principled behaviour variation in a moderated cognitive architecture. In Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.

@inproceedings{evertsz2008cojack,
title = {{CoJACK} - {Achieving} principled behaviour variation in a moderated cognitive architecture},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszBPRB08.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida},
author = {Evertsz, R. and Busetta, P. and Pedrotti, M. and Ritter, F. E. and Bittner, J. L.},
year = {2008}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| last1 = Evertsz| first1 = R.| last2 = Busetta| first2 = P.| last3 = Pedrotti| first3 = M.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| last5 = Bittner| first5 = J. L.| title = CoJACK - Achieving principled behaviour variation in a moderated cognitive architecture| booktitle = Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2008}}

Kase, S., Ritter, F. E., & Scholles, M. (2008). From modeler-free individual data fitting to 3-D parametric prediction landscapes: A research expedition. In Proceedings of the 2006 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 1398–1403). Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX.

@inproceedings{kase2008modeler-free,
title = {From modeler-free individual data fitting to 3-{D} parametric prediction landscapes: {A} research expedition},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRS08.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
publisher = {Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX},
author = {Kase, S. and Ritter, F. E. and Scholles, M.},
year = {2008},
pages = {1398--1403}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX| pages = 1398–1403| last1 = Kase| first1 = S.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Scholles| first3 = M.| title = From modeler-free individual data fitting to 3-D parametric prediction landscapes: A research expedition| booktitle = Proceedings of the 2006 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 2008}}

Evertsz, R., Ritter, F. E., Busetta, P., & Pedrotti, M. (2008). Realistic behaviour variation in a BDI-based cognitive architecture. In Proceedings of the SimTecT ’08 Conference. SIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, AustraliaSIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, Australia.

@inproceedings{evertsz2008realistic,
title = {Realistic behaviour variation in a {BDI}-based cognitive architecture},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszRBP08.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {SimTecT} '08 {Conference}},
publisher = {SIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, AustraliaSIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, Australia},
author = {Evertsz, R. and Ritter, F. E. and Busetta, P. and Pedrotti, M.},
year = {2008}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = SIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, AustraliaSIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, Australia| last1 = Evertsz| first1 = R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Busetta| first3 = P.| last4 = Pedrotti| first4 = M.| title = Realistic behaviour variation in a BDI-based cognitive architecture| booktitle = Proceedings of the SimTecT '08 Conference| date = 2008}}

Christou, G., Ritter, F. E., & Jacob, R. J. K. (2008). Modeling prehensile actions for the evaluation of tangible user interfaces. In Proceedings of ITI 08 International Conference of Information Technology Interfaces. Croatia. IEEE XploreCavtat/Dubrovnik, Croatia. IEEE Xplore: Cavtat/Dubrovnik.

@inproceedings{christou2008modeling,
address = {Croatia. IEEE XploreCavtat/Dubrovnik, Croatia. IEEE Xplore},
title = {Modeling prehensile actions for the evaluation of tangible user interfaces},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/christouRJ08.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {ITI} 08 {International} {Conference} of {Information} {Technology} {Interfaces}},
publisher = {Cavtat/Dubrovnik},
author = {Christou, G. and Ritter, F. E. and Jacob, R. J. K.},
year = {2008}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Cavtat/Dubrovnik| last1 = Christou| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Jacob| first3 = R. J. K.| title = Modeling prehensile actions for the evaluation of tangible user interfaces| booktitle = Proceedings of ITI 08 International Conference of Information Technology Interfaces| location = Croatia. IEEE XploreCavtat/Dubrovnik, Croatia. IEEE Xplore| date = 2008}}

Reitter, D., & Keller, F. (2008). Structural priming in language production as the result of learning and spreading activation in an ACT-R model. Chapel Hill, NC.

Published: Talk at 21st Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing

@book{reitter2008structural,
address = {Chapel Hill, NC},
title = {Structural priming in language production as the result of learning and spreading activation in an {ACT}-{R} model},
author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank},
year = {2008},
note = {Published: Talk at 21st Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing}
}

{{Cite book| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Keller| first2 = Frank| title = Structural priming in language production as the result of learning and spreading activation in an ACT-R model| location = Chapel Hill, NC| date = 2008}}

Reitter, D. (2008). The repetition of general lexical material boosts structural priming in language production. Chapel Hill, NC.

Published: Poster at 21st Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing

@book{reitter2008repetition,
address = {Chapel Hill, NC},
title = {The repetition of general lexical material boosts structural priming in language production},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2008},
note = {Published: Poster at 21st Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing}
}

{{Cite book| last = Reitter| first = David| title = The repetition of general lexical material boosts structural priming in language production| location = Chapel Hill, NC| date = 2008}}

Ritter, F. E. (2008). dTank: A lightweight synthetic environment for teaching and theoretical research. In J. Hansberger (Ed.), Human Behavioral Synthetic Research Environments (HB-SRE) Symposium. In Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation, 08-BRIMS-034. U. of Central Florida: Orlando, FL.

@incollection{ritter2008dtank:,
address = {In Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation, 08-BRIMS-034. U. of Central Florida},
title = {{dTank}: {A} lightweight synthetic environment for teaching and theoretical research},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter08.pdf},
booktitle = {Human {Behavioral} {Synthetic} {Research} {Environments} ({HB}-{SRE}) {Symposium}},
publisher = {Orlando, FL},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
editor = {Hansberger, J.},
year = {2008}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Orlando, FL| editors = J. Hansberger (ed.)| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Human Behavioral Synthetic Research Environments (HB-SRE) Symposium| chapter = dTank: A lightweight synthetic environment for teaching and theoretical research| location = In Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation, 08-BRIMS-034. U. of Central Florida| date = 2008}}

Reitter, D. (2008). Context effects in language production: models of syntactic priming in dialogue corpora. University of Edinburgh.

This thesis addresses the cognitive basis of syntactic adaptation‚ which biases speakers to repeat their own syntactic constructions and those of their conversational partners. I address two types of syntactic adaptation: short-term priming and long-term adaptation. I develop two metrics for syntactic adaptation within a speaker and between speakers in dialogue: one for short-term priming effects that decay quickly‚ and one for long-term adaptation over the course of a dialogue. Both methods estimate adaptation in large datasets consisting of transcribed human-human dialogue annotated with syntactic information. Two such corpora in English are used: Switchboard‚ a collection of spontaneous phone conversation‚ and HCRC Map Task‚ a set of task-oriented dialogues in which participants describe routes on a map to each other. I find both priming and long-term adaptation in both corpora‚ confirming well-known experimental results (Bock‚ 1986). I extend prior work by showing that syntactic priming effects not only apply to selected syntactic constructions that are alternative realizations of the same semantics‚ but still hold when a broad variety of syntactic phrase-structure rules are considered. Each rule represents a cognitive decision during syntactic processing. I show that the priming effect for a rule is inversely proportional to its frequency. With this methodology‚ I test predictions of the Interactive Alignment Model (Pickering & Garrod‚ 2004). The IAM claims that linguistic and situation-model agreement between interlocutors in dialogue is the result of a cascade of resource-free‚ mechanistic priming effects on various linguistic levels. I examine task-oriented dialogue in Map Task‚ which provides a measure of task success through the deviance of the communicated routes on the maps. I find that long-term syntactic adaptation predicts communicative success‚ and it does so earlier than lexical adaptation. The result is applied in a machine-learning based model that estimates task success based on the dialogue‚ capturing 14 percent of the variance in Map Task. Short-term syntactic priming differs qualitatively from long-term adaptation‚ as it does not predict task success‚ providing evidence against learning as a single cognitive basis of adaptation effects. I obtain further evidence for the correlation between semantic activity and syntactic priming through a comparison of the Map Task and Switchboard corpora‚ showing that short-term priming is stronger in task-oriented dialogue than in spontaneous conversation. This difference is evident for priming between and within speakers‚ which suggests that priming is a mechanistic rather than strategic effect. I turn to an investigation of the level at which syntactic priming influences language production. I establish that the effect applies to structural syntactic decisions as opposed to all surface sequences of lexical categories. To do so‚ I identify pairs of part-of-speech categories which consistently cross constituent boundaries defined by the phrase-structure analyses of the sentences. I show that such distituents are less sensitive to priming than pairs occurring within constituents. Thus‚ syntactic priming is sensitive to syntactic structure. The notion of constituent structure differs among syntactic models. Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG‚ Steedman‚ 2000) formalizes flexible constituent structure‚ accounting a varying degree of incrementality in syntactic sentence planning. I examine whether priming effects can support the predictions of CCG using the Switchboard corpus‚ which has been annotated with CCG syntax. I confirm the syntactic priming effect for lexical and non-lexical CCG categories‚ which encode partially satisfied subcategorization frames. I then show that both incremental and normal-form constituent structures exhibit priming‚ arguing for language production accounts that support flexible incrementality. The empirical results are reflected in a cognitive model of syntactic realization in language production. The model assumes that language production is subject to the same principles and constraints as any other form of cognition and follows the ACT-R framework (Anderson‚ 2004). Its syntactic process implements my empirical results on priming and is based on CCG. Syntactic planning can take place incrementally and non-incrementally. The model is able to generate simple sentences that vary syntactically‚ similar to the materials used in the experimental priming literature. Syntactic adaptation emerges due to a preferential and sped-up memory retrieval of syntactic categories describing linearization and subcategorization requirements. Long-term adaptation is explained as a form of learning‚ while short-term priming is the result of a combination of learning and spreading activation from semantic and lexical material. Simulations show that the model produces the adaptation effects and their inverse frequency interaction‚ as well as cumulativity of long-term adaptation.

@phdthesis{reitter2008context,
title = {Context effects in language production: models of syntactic priming in dialogue corpora},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2008phd.pdf},
school = {University of Edinburgh},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2008}
}

{{Cite paper| publisher = University of Edinburgh| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Context effects in language production: models of syntactic priming in dialogue corpora| date = 2008}}

Friedrich, M. B. (2008). Implementierung von schematischen Denkstrategien in einer höheren Programmiersprache: Erweitern und Testen der vorhandenen Resultate durch Erfassen von zusätzlichen Daten und das Erstellen von weiteren Strategien (Implementing diagrammatic reasoning strategies in a high level language: Extending and testing the existing model results by gathering additional data and creating additional strategies). Faculty of Information Systems and Applied Computer Science, University of Bamberg, Germany.

@phdthesis{friedrich_m._b._implementierung_2008,
title = {Implementierung von schematischen {Denkstrategien} in einer höheren {Programmiersprache}: {Erweitern} und {Testen} der vorhandenen {Resultate} durch {Erfassen} von zusätzlichen {Daten} und das {Erstellen} von weiteren {Strategien} ({Implementing} diagrammatic reasoning strategies in a high level language: {Extending} and testing the existing model results by gathering additional data and creating additional strategies). {Faculty} of {Information} {Systems} and {Applied} {Computer} {Science}, {University} of {Bamberg}, {Germany}.},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/friedrich08.pdf},
author = {{Friedrich, M. B.}},
year = {2008}
}

{{Cite paper| last = Friedrich, M. B.| title = Implementierung von schematischen Denkstrategien in einer höheren Programmiersprache: Erweitern und Testen der vorhandenen Resultate durch Erfassen von zusätzlichen Daten und das Erstellen von weiteren Strategien (Implementing diagrammatic reasoning strategies in a high level language: Extending and testing the existing model results by gathering additional data and creating additional strategies). Faculty of Information Systems and Applied Computer Science, University of Bamberg, Germany.| date = 2008}}

Ritter, F. E. (2008). Some frontiers of cognitive modeling: A modest research agenda exploring emotions and usability (Tech Report No. ACS 2008-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{ritter2008frontiers,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {Some frontiers of cognitive modeling: {A} modest research agenda exploring emotions and usability},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritter08c.pdf},
number = {ACS 2008-1},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2008}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Some frontiers of cognitive modeling: A modest research agenda exploring emotions and usability| location = University Park, PA| date = 2008}}

Kim, J. W. (2008). Procedural skills: From learning to forgetting. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA (Tech Report No. ACS 2008-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{kim2008procedural,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {Procedural skills: {From} learning to forgetting. {Unpublished} {Doctoral} {Dissertation}, {The} {Pennsylvania} {State} {University}, {University} {Park}, {PA}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kim08.pdf},
number = {ACS 2008-1},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Kim, J. W.},
year = {2008}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Kim| first = J. W.| title = Procedural skills: From learning to forgetting. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA| location = University Park, PA| date = 2008}}

2007

Ritter, F. E., Kukreja, U., & St. Amant, R. (2007). Including a model of visual processing with a cognitive architecture to model a simple teleoperation task. Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 1(2), 121–147.

Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making

@article{ritter2007including,
title = {Including a model of visual processing with a cognitive architecture to model a simple teleoperation task},
volume = {1},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKSA07.pdf},
number = {2},
journal = {Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kukreja, U. and St. Amant, R.},
year = {2007},
pages = {121--147}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 1| issue = 2| pages = 121–147| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kukreja| first2 = U.| last3 = St. Amant| first3 = R.| title = Including a model of visual processing with a cognitive architecture to model a simple teleoperation task| journal = Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making| date = 2007}}

St. Amant, R., Horton, T. E., & Ritter, F. E. (2007). Model-based evaluation of expert cell phone menu interaction. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 14(1).

ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction

@article{st._amant_model-based_2007,
title = {Model-based evaluation of expert cell phone menu interaction},
volume = {14},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantHR07.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction},
author = {St. Amant, R. and Horton, T. E. and Ritter, F. E.},
month = may,
year = {2007}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 14| issue = 1| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = R.| last2 = Horton| first2 = T. E.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Model-based evaluation of expert cell phone menu interaction| journal = ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction| date = 2007-05}}

Reitter, D., & Moore, J. D. (2007). Predicting success in dialogue. In Proc. 45th Annual Meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics (pp. 808–815). Prague, Czech Republic.

ACL

Task-solving in dialogue depends on the linguistic alignment of the interlocutors‚ which Pickering & Garrod (2004) have suggested to be based on mechanistic repetition effects. In this paper‚ we seek confirmation of this hypothesis by looking at repetition in corpora‚ and whether repetition is correlated with task success. We show that the relevant repetition tendency is based on slow adaptation rather than short-term priming and demonstrate that lexical and syntactic repetition is a reliable predictor of task success given the first five minutes of a task-oriented dialogue.

@inproceedings{reitter2007predicting,
address = {Prague, Czech Republic},
title = {Predicting success in dialogue},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2007predicting_task_success.pdf},
booktitle = {Proc. 45th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} of {Computational} {Linguistics}},
author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D.},
year = {2007},
pages = {808--815}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = ACL| pages = 808–815| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Moore| first2 = Johanna D.| title = Predicting success in dialogue| booktitle = Proc. 45th Annual Meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics| location = Prague, Czech Republic| date = 2007}}

Reitter, David, and Johanna D. Moore. “Predicting Success in Dialogue.” Proc. 45th Annual Meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics. Prague, Czech Republic: N.p., 2007. 808–815. Web.

St. Amant, R., McBride, S. P., & Ritter, F. E. (2007). AI support for building cognitive models. In Proceedings of the Twenty-First National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-06) (pp. 1663–1666). Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press.

@inproceedings{st._amant_ai_2007,
title = {{AI} support for building cognitive models},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantMR06.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Twenty}-{First} {National} {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence} ({AAAI}-06)},
publisher = {Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press},
author = {St. Amant, R. and McBride, S. P. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2007},
pages = {1663--1666}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press| pages = 1663–1666| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = R.| last2 = McBride| first2 = S. P.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = AI support for building cognitive models| booktitle = Proceedings of the Twenty-First National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-06)| date = 2007}}

Reitter, D., & Keller, F. (2007). Against sequence priming: evidence from constituents and distituents in corpus data. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 1421–1426). Nashville, TN.

Structural priming‚ i.e.‚ the tendency to repeat linguistic material‚ can be explained by two alternative representational assumptions: either as the repetition of hierarchical representations generated by syntactic rules‚ or as the repetition of lexical sequences. We present two studies that test these explanations by investigating priming effects in a dialogue corpus. We compare syntactic constituents with distituents‚ i.e.‚ part-of-speech pairs that cross constituent boundaries. We find a reliable short-term priming effect for constituents‚ but no priming for distituents. This result supports the rule-based view of priming‚ which does not predict priming of distituents. The data are incompatible with a sequence priming analysis‚ which cannot distinguish between constituents and distituents. In a second corpus study‚ we study long-term priming and find priming effects for both constituents and distituents. This indicates that the mechanism underlying long-term adaptation differs substantially from short-term priming.

@inproceedings{reitter2007against,
address = {Nashville, TN},
title = {Against sequence priming: evidence from constituents and distituents in corpus data},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2007sequence_priming.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank},
year = {2007},
pages = {1421--1426}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 1421–1426| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Keller| first2 = Frank| title = Against sequence priming: evidence from constituents and distituents in corpus data| booktitle = Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| location = Nashville, TN| date = 2007}}

Ritter, F. E., Kase, S. E., Bhandarkar, D., Lewis, B., & Cohen, M. A. (2007). dTank updated: Steps towards exploring moderator-influenced behavior in a light-weight synthetic environment. In Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 51–60). 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.

@inproceedings{ritter2007dtank,
title = {{dTank} updated: {Steps} towards exploring moderator-influenced behavior in a light-weight synthetic environment},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKBLC07.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kase, S. E. and Bhandarkar, D. and Lewis, B. and Cohen, M. A.},
year = {2007},
pages = {51--60}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| pages = 51–60| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kase| first2 = S. E.| last3 = Bhandarkar| first3 = D.| last4 = Lewis| first4 = B.| last5 = Cohen| first5 = M. A.| title = dTank updated: Steps towards exploring moderator-influenced behavior in a light-weight synthetic environment| booktitle = Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2007}}

Bernard, M. L., Forsythe, J. C., Allender, L., Cohn, J., Radvansky, G., & Ritter, F. E. (2007). The next generation of cognitive modeling tools: Opportunities, challenges and basic needs. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (pp. 799–801). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.

@inproceedings{bernard2007next,
title = {The next generation of cognitive modeling tools: {Opportunities}, challenges and basic needs},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/bernardFACRR07.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Human} {Factors} and {Ergonomics} {Society}},
publisher = {Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society},
author = {Bernard, M. L. and Forsythe, J. C. and Allender, L. and Cohn, J. and Radvansky, G. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2007},
pages = {799--801}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society| pages = 799–801| last1 = Bernard| first1 = M. L.| last2 = Forsythe| first2 = J. C.| last3 = Allender| first3 = L.| last4 = Cohn| first4 = J.| last5 = Radvansky| first5 = G.| last6 = Ritter| first6 = F. E.| title = The next generation of cognitive modeling tools: Opportunities, challenges and basic needs| booktitle = Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society| date = 2007}}

Evertsz, R., Ritter, F. E., Russell, S., & Shepherdson, D. (2007). Modeling rules of engagement in computer-generated forces. In Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 123–134). Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021.

@inproceedings{evertsz2007modeling,
title = {Modeling rules of engagement in computer-generated forces},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszRRS07.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021},
author = {Evertsz, R. and Ritter, F. E. and Russell, S. and Shepherdson, D.},
year = {2007},
pages = {123--134}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021| pages = 123–134| last1 = Evertsz| first1 = R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Russell| first3 = S.| last4 = Shepherdson| first4 = D.| title = Modeling rules of engagement in computer-generated forces| booktitle = Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2007}}

Kase, S. E., Ritter, F. E., & Schoelles, M. (2007). Using HPC and PGAs to optimize noisy computational models of cognition. In Proceedings of International Joint Conferences on Computer. and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007Information, and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007: Information.

@inproceedings{kase2007using,
address = {and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007Information, and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007},
title = {Using {HPC} and {PGAs} to optimize noisy computational models of cognition},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRS07.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {International} {Joint} {Conferences} on {Computer}},
publisher = {Information},
author = {Kase, S. E. and Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M.},
year = {2007}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Information| last1 = Kase| first1 = S. E.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Schoelles| first3 = M.| title = Using HPC and PGAs to optimize noisy computational models of cognition| booktitle = Proceedings of International Joint Conferences on Computer| location = and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007Information, and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007| date = 2007}}

Kim, J., & Ritter, F. E. (2007). Automatically recording keystrokes in public clusters with RUI: Issues and sample answers. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. 1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.

@inproceedings{kim2007automatically,
title = {Automatically recording keystrokes in public clusters with {RUI}: {Issues} and sample answers},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimR07.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
publisher = {1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society},
author = {Kim, J. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2007}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society| last1 = Kim| first1 = J.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Automatically recording keystrokes in public clusters with RUI: Issues and sample answers| booktitle = Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 2007}}

Pew, R. W., Mavor, A. S., & Committee Human-System Design Support for Changing Technology (Ritter was member) (Eds.). (2007). A new approach to system design using risk in human-system integration. National Academy Press. Washington DC: National Research Council.

@book{pew2007new,
address = {National Academy Press. Washington DC},
title = {A new approach to system design using risk in human-system integration},
url = {http://books.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11893},
publisher = {National Research Council},
editor = {Pew, Richard W. and Mavor, Anne S. and Committee Human-System Design Support for Changing Technology (Ritter was member)},
year = {2007}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = National Research Council| others = Richard W. Pew, Anne S. Mavor, Committee Human-System Design Support for Changing Technology (Ritter was member) (eds.)| title = A new approach to system design using risk in human-system integration| location = National Academy Press. Washington DC| date = 2007}}

Cohen, M. A., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. R. (2007). Using reflective learning to master opponent strategy in a competative environment (pp. 157–162). Oxford, UK: Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press.

@incollection{cohen2007using,
address = {Oxford, UK},
title = {Using reflective learning to master opponent strategy in a competative environment},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH07.pdf},
publisher = {Taylor \& Francis/Psychology Press},
author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.},
year = {2007},
pages = {157--162}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press| pages = 157–162| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| chapter = Using reflective learning to master opponent strategy in a competative environment| location = Oxford, UK| date = 2007}}

Ritter, F. E. (2007). The rise of cognitive architectures. In I. Models (Ed.). v-vi. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

@incollection{ritter2007rise,
address = {v-vi. New York, NY},
title = {The rise of cognitive architectures},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter07.pdf},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
editor = {Models, Integrated},
year = {2007}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| editors = Integrated Models (ed.)| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| chapter = The rise of cognitive architectures| location = v-vi. New York, NY| date = 2007}}

Nerb, J., Ritter, F. E., & Langley, P. (2007). Rules of order: Process models of human learning. In F. E. Ritter, J. Nerb, T. O’Shea, & E. Lehtinen (Eds.), In order to learn: How the sequences of topics affect learning (pp. 57–69). Oxford University Press.

@incollection{nerb2007rules,
title = {Rules of order: {Process} models of human learning},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/nerbRL07.pdf},
booktitle = {In order to learn: {How} the sequences of topics affect learning},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
author = {Nerb, J. and Ritter, F. E. and Langley, P.},
editor = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J. and O'Shea, T. and Lehtinen, E.},
year = {2007},
pages = {57--69}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| pages = 57–69| editors = F. E. Ritter, J. Nerb, T. O'Shea, E. Lehtinen (eds.)| last1 = Nerb| first1 = J.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Langley| first3 = P.| title = In order to learn: How the sequences of topics affect learning| chapter = Rules of order: Process models of human learning| date = 2007}}

Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A. L., Klein, L. C., & Schoelles, M. (2007). Lessons from defining theories of stress (pp. 254–262). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

@incollection{ritter2007lessons,
address = {New York, NY},
title = {Lessons from defining theories of stress},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterRKS07.pdf},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Reifers, A. L. and Klein, L. C. and Schoelles, M.},
year = {2007},
pages = {254--262}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| pages = 254–262| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Reifers| first2 = A. L.| last3 = Klein| first3 = L. C.| last4 = Schoelles| first4 = M.| chapter = Lessons from defining theories of stress| location = New York, NY| date = 2007}}

Kim, J. W., Koubek, R. J., & Ritter, F. E. (2007). Investigation of procedural skills degradation from different modalities (pp. 255–260). Oxford, UK: Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press.

@incollection{kim2007investigation,
address = {Oxford, UK},
title = {Investigation of procedural skills degradation from different modalities},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimKR07.pdf},
publisher = {Taylor \& Francis/Psychology Press},
author = {Kim, J. W. and Koubek, R. J. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2007},
pages = {255--260}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press| pages = 255–260| last1 = Kim| first1 = J. W.| last2 = Koubek| first2 = R. J.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| chapter = Investigation of procedural skills degradation from different modalities| location = Oxford, UK| date = 2007}}

Ritter, F. E., Schoelles, M., Klein, L. C., & Kase, S. E. (2007). Modeling the range of performance on the serial subtraction task (pp. 299–304). Oxford, UK: Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press.

@incollection{ritter2007modeling,
address = {Oxford, UK},
title = {Modeling the range of performance on the serial subtraction task},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterSKK07.pdf},
publisher = {Taylor \& Francis/Psychology Press},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M. and Klein, L. C. and Kase, S. E.},
year = {2007},
pages = {299--304}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press| pages = 299–304| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Schoelles| first2 = M.| last3 = Klein| first3 = L. C.| last4 = Kase| first4 = S. E.| chapter = Modeling the range of performance on the serial subtraction task| location = Oxford, UK| date = 2007}}

Ritter, F. E., Nerb, J., & Lehtinen, E. (2007). Getting things in order: Collecting and analysing data on learning. In F. E. Ritter, J. Nerb, T. O’Shea, & E. Lehtinen (Eds.), In order to learn: How the sequence of topics influence learning (pp. 81–92). New York, New York: Oxford University Press.

@incollection{ritter2007getting,
address = {New York, New York},
title = {Getting things in order: {Collecting} and analysing data on learning},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterNL07.pdf},
booktitle = {In order to learn: {How} the sequence of topics influence learning},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J. and Lehtinen, E.},
editor = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J. and O'Shea, T. and Lehtinen, E.},
year = {2007},
pages = {81--92}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| pages = 81–92| editors = F. E. Ritter, J. Nerb, T. O'Shea, E. Lehtinen (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Nerb| first2 = J.| last3 = Lehtinen| first3 = E.| title = In order to learn: How the sequence of topics influence learning| chapter = Getting things in order: Collecting and analysing data on learning| location = New York, New York| date = 2007}}

Ritter, F. E., & Nerb, J. (2007). Call to order: How sequence effects in humans and artificial systems illuminate each other. In F. E. Ritter, J. Nerb, T. O’Shea, & E. Lehtinen (Eds.), In order to learn: How the sequences of topics affect learning (pp. 3–15). Oxford University Press.

@incollection{ritter2007call,
title = {Call to order: {How} sequence effects in humans and artificial systems illuminate each other},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterN07.pdf},
booktitle = {In order to learn: {How} the sequences of topics affect learning},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J.},
editor = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J. and O'Shea, T. and Lehtinen, E.},
year = {2007},
pages = {3--15}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| pages = 3–15| editors = F. E. Ritter, J. Nerb, T. O'Shea, E. Lehtinen (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Nerb| first2 = J.| title = In order to learn: How the sequences of topics affect learning| chapter = Call to order: How sequence effects in humans and artificial systems illuminate each other| date = 2007}}

Reitter, D., Keller, F., & Hockenmaier, J. (2007). Corpus-based evidence against sequence priming. Poster presented at the 20th Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, La Jolla, CA.

@misc{reitter2007corpus-based,
address = {La Jolla, CA},
type = {Poster},
title = {Corpus-based evidence against sequence priming},
author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Hockenmaier, Julia},
year = {2007}
}

{{Cite paper| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Keller| first2 = Frank| last3 = Hockenmaier| first3 = Julia| title = Corpus-based evidence against sequence priming| location = La Jolla, CA| date = 2007}}

Reitter, David, Frank Keller, and Julia Hockenmaier. “Corpus-Based Evidence against Sequence Priming.” 20th Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing. La Jolla, CA. 2007. Poster.

Reitter, D., & Moore, J. D. (2007). Successful dialogue requires syntactic alignment. Poster presented at the 20th Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, La Jolla, CA.

@misc{reitter2007successful,
address = {La Jolla, CA},
type = {Poster},
title = {Successful dialogue requires syntactic alignment},
author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D.},
year = {2007}
}

{{Cite paper| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Moore| first2 = Johanna D.| title = Successful dialogue requires syntactic alignment| location = La Jolla, CA| date = 2007}}

Reitter, David, and Johanna D. Moore. “Successful Dialogue Requires Syntactic Alignment.” 20th Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing. La Jolla, CA. 2007. Poster.

2006

Ritter, F. E., Van Rooy, D., St. Amant, R., & Simpson, K. (2006). Providing user models direct access to interfaces: An exploratory study of a simple interface with implications for HRI and HCI. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, 36(3), 592–601.

IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans

@article{ritter2006providing,
title = {Providing user models direct access to interfaces: {An} exploratory study of a simple interface with implications for {HRI} and {HCI}},
volume = {36},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/ritterVRSAS06.pdf},
number = {3},
journal = {IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Van Rooy, D. and St. Amant, R. and {Simpson, K.}},
year = {2006},
keywords = {fixme},
pages = {592--601}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 36| issue = 3| pages = 592–601| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Van Rooy| first2 = D.| last3 = St. Amant| first3 = R.| last4 = Simpson, K.| title = Providing user models direct access to interfaces: An exploratory study of a simple interface with implications for HRI and HCI| journal = IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans| date = 2006}}

Bennett, J. M., Whetzel, C. A., Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A., & Klein, L. C. (2006). Effects of caffeine and stress on cortisol and serial subtraction performance in young healthy men. Psychosomatic Medicine, 68(1).

Psychosomatic Medicine

@article{bennett2006effects,
title = {Effects of caffeine and stress on cortisol and serial subtraction performance in young healthy men},
volume = {68},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/bennettWRRK06.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
author = {Bennett, J. M. and Whetzel, C. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Reifers, A. and Klein, L. C.},
year = {2006}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 68| issue = 1| last1 = Bennett| first1 = J. M.| last2 = Whetzel| first2 = C. A.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Reifers| first4 = A.| last5 = Klein| first5 = L. C.| title = Effects of caffeine and stress on cortisol and serial subtraction performance in young healthy men| journal = Psychosomatic Medicine| date = 2006}}

Klein, L. C., Whetzel, C. A., Bennett, J. M., Ritter, F. E., & Granger, D. A. (2006). Effects of caffeine and stress on salivary alpha-amylase in young men: A salivary biomarker of sympathetic activity. Psychosomatic Medicine, 68(1).

Psychosomatic Medicine

@article{klein2006effects,
title = {Effects of caffeine and stress on salivary alpha-amylase in young men: {A} salivary biomarker of sympathetic activity},
volume = {68},
url = {http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/misc/AbstractsForJournal062-9final.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
author = {Klein, L. C. and Whetzel, C. A. and Bennett, J. M. and Ritter, F. E. and Granger, D. A.},
year = {2006}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 68| issue = 1| last1 = Klein| first1 = L. C.| last2 = Whetzel| first2 = C. A.| last3 = Bennett| first3 = J. M.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| last5 = Granger| first5 = D. A.| title = Effects of caffeine and stress on salivary alpha-amylase in young men: A salivary biomarker of sympathetic activity| journal = Psychosomatic Medicine| date = 2006}}

Whetzel, C. A., Ritter, F. E., & Klein, L. C. (2006). DHEA-S and cortisol responses to stress and caffeine in healthy young men: Is DHEA-S a reliable marker for stress? Psychosomatic Medicine, 68(1).

Psychosomatic Medicine

@article{whetzel2006dhea-s,
title = {{DHEA}-{S} and cortisol responses to stress and caffeine in healthy young men: {Is} {DHEA}-{S} a reliable marker for stress?},
volume = {68},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/whetzelRK06.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine},
author = {Whetzel, C. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Klein, L. C.},
year = {2006}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 68| issue = 1| last1 = Whetzel| first1 = C. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Klein| first3 = L. C.| title = DHEA-S and cortisol responses to stress and caffeine in healthy young men: Is DHEA-S a reliable marker for stress?| journal = Psychosomatic Medicine| date = 2006}}

Stevenson, W., & Ritter, F. E. (2006). Review of “BBN’s earliest days: founding a culture of engineering creativity, Beranek L. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 27(2): 6-14, 2005. ACM Computing Reviews, 48(4), 227.

ACM Computing Reviews

@article{stevenson2006review,
title = {Review of “{BBN}’s earliest days: founding a culture of engineering creativity, {Beranek} {L}. {IEEE} {Annals} of the {History} of {Computing} 27(2): 6-14, 2005},
volume = {48},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stevensonR06.pdf},
number = {4},
journal = {ACM Computing Reviews},
author = {Stevenson, W. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2006},
pages = {227}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 48| issue = 4| pages = 227| last1 = Stevenson| first1 = W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Review of “BBN’s earliest days: founding a culture of engineering creativity, Beranek L. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 27(2): 6-14, 2005| journal = ACM Computing Reviews| date = 2006}}

Kukreja, U., Stevenson, W. E., & Ritter, F. E. (2006). RUI – Recording User Input from interfaces under Windows and Mac OS X. Behavior Research Methods, 38(4), 656–659.

Behavior Research Methods

@article{kukreja2006rui,
title = {{RUI} – {Recording} {User} {Input} from interfaces under {Windows} and {Mac} {OS} {X}},
volume = {38},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kukrejaSR06.pdf},
number = {4},
journal = {Behavior Research Methods},
author = {Kukreja, U. and Stevenson, W. E. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2006},
pages = {656--659}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 38| issue = 4| pages = 656–659| last1 = Kukreja| first1 = U.| last2 = Stevenson| first2 = W. E.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = RUI – Recording User Input from interfaces under Windows and Mac OS X| journal = Behavior Research Methods| date = 2006}}

Reitter, D., Hockenmaier, J., & Keller, F. (2006). Priming effects in combinatory categorial grammar. In Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (pp. 308–316). Sydney, Australia.

EMNLP

This paper presents a corpus-based account of structural priming in human sentence processing‚ focusing on the role that syntactic representations play in such an account. We estimate the strength of structural priming effects from a corpus of spontaneous spoken dialogue‚ annotated syntactically with Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG) derivations. This methodology allows us to test a range of predictions that CCG makes about priming. In particular‚ we present evidence for priming between lexical and syntactic categories encoding partially satisfied subcategorization frames‚ and we show that priming effects exist both for incremental and normal-form CCG derivations.

@inproceedings{reitter2006priming,
address = {Sydney, Australia},
title = {Priming effects in combinatory categorial grammar},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2006ccg.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 {Conference} on {Empirical} {Methods} in {Natural} {Language} {Processing}},
author = {Reitter, David and Hockenmaier, Julia and Keller, Frank},
year = {2006},
pages = {308--316}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = EMNLP| pages = 308–316| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Hockenmaier| first2 = Julia| last3 = Keller| first3 = Frank| title = Priming effects in combinatory categorial grammar| booktitle = Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing| location = Sydney, Australia| date = 2006}}

Reitter, David, Julia Hockenmaier, and Frank Keller. “Priming Effects in Combinatory Categorial Grammar.” Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Sydney, Australia: N.p., 2006. 308–316. Web.

Reitter, D., Keller, F., & Moore, J. D. (2006). Computational modeling of structural priming in dialogue. In Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (pp. 121–124). New York, NY.

HLT-NAACL

Syntactic priming effects‚ modeled as increase in repetition probability shortly after a use of a syntactic rule‚ have the potential to improve language processing components. We model priming of syntactic rules in annotated corpora of spoken dialogue‚ extending previous work that was confined to selected constructions. We find that speakers are more receptive to priming from their interlocutor in task-oriented dialogue than in sponaneous conversation. Low-frequency rules are more likely to show priming.

@inproceedings{reitter2006computational,
address = {New York, NY},
title = {Computational modeling of structural priming in dialogue},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2006computational.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Human} {Language} {Technology} {Conference}/{North} {American} {Chapter} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}},
author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Moore, Johanna D.},
year = {2006},
pages = {121--124}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = HLT-NAACL| pages = 121–124| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Keller| first2 = Frank| last3 = Moore| first3 = Johanna D.| title = Computational modeling of structural priming in dialogue| booktitle = Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics| location = New York, NY| date = 2006}}

Reitter, David, Frank Keller, and Johanna D. Moore. “Computational Modeling of Structural Priming in Dialogue.” Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics. New York, NY: N.p., 2006. 121–124. Web.

Kim, J., Ritter, F. E., & Koubek, R. J. (2006). ESEGMAN: A substrate for ACT-R architecture and an Emacs Lisp application. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2006- Seventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. 375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche.

@inproceedings{kim2006esegman:,
title = {{ESEGMAN}: {A} substrate for {ACT}-{R} architecture and an {Emacs} {Lisp} application},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimRK06.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2006- {Seventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche},
author = {Kim, J. and Ritter, F. E. and Koubek, R. J.},
year = {2006}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche| last1 = Kim| first1 = J.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Koubek| first3 = R. J.| title = ESEGMAN: A substrate for ACT-R architecture and an Emacs Lisp application| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2006- Seventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| date = 2006}}

Ritter, F. E., Haynes, S. R., Cohen, M., Howes, A., John, B., Best, B., … Vera, A. (2006). High-level behavior representation languages revisited. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2006- Seventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 404–407). Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche.

@inproceedings{ritter2006high-level,
address = {Trieste, Italy},
title = {High-level behavior representation languages revisited},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterHCHJBLJCLSAMULV06.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2006- {Seventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Edizioni Goliardiche},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. and Howes, A. and John, B. and Best, B. and Lebiere, C. and Jones, R. M. and Crossman, J. and Lewis, R. L. and St. Amant, R. and McBride, S. P. and Urbas, L. and Leuchter, S. and Vera, A.},
year = {2006},
pages = {404--407}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Edizioni Goliardiche| pages = 404–407| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Haynes| first2 = S. R.| last3 = Cohen| first3 = M.| last4 = Howes| first4 = A.| last5 = John| first5 = B.| last6 = Best| first6 = B.| last7 = Lebiere| first7 = C.| last8 = Jones| first8 = R. M.| last9 = Crossman| first9 = J.| last10 = Lewis| first10 = R. L.| last11 = St. Amant| first11 = R.| last12 = McBride| first12 = S. P.| last13 = Urbas| first13 = L.| last14 = Leuchter| first14 = S.| last15 = Vera| first15 = A.| title = High-level behavior representation languages revisited| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2006- Seventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Trieste, Italy| date = 2006}}

Reitter, D., Moore, J. D., & Keller, F. (2006). Priming of syntactic rules in task-oriented dialogue and spontaneous conversation. In Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 685–690). Vancouver, Canada.

Previous work provided corpus evidence for structural priming for specific syntactic constructions. The present paper extends these results by investigating priming effects involving arbitrary syntactic rules in spoken dialogue corpora. We demonstrate the existence of within- and between-speaker priming in both spontaneous conversation (the Switchboard corpus) and task-oriented dialogue (the Map Task corpus). We also find that between-speaker priming is stronger in the Map Task corpus. This supports the hypothesis that in task-oriented dialog‚ low-level priming is linked to higher-level alignment of situation models.

@inproceedings{reitter2006priming,
address = {Vancouver, Canada},
title = {Priming of syntactic rules in task-oriented dialogue and spontaneous conversation},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2006priming.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D. and Keller, Frank},
year = {2006},
pages = {685--690}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 685–690| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Moore| first2 = Johanna D.| last3 = Keller| first3 = Frank| title = Priming of syntactic rules in task-oriented dialogue and spontaneous conversation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| location = Vancouver, Canada| date = 2006}}

Dzikovska, M. O., Reitter, D., Moore, J. D., & Zinn, C. (2006). Data-driven modelling of human tutoring in calculus. In C. Callaway (Ed.), Proceedings of the ECAI Workshop on Language-Enhanced Educational Technology (pp. 22–28). Riva del Garda, Italy.

We describe results from analyzing a corpus of human-human tutorial dialogue‚ which are aimed at identifying‚ formalizing and automating natural tutoring in the domain of calculus‚ in particular symbolic differentiation. We analyzed a corpus of human-human tutoring dialogues‚ focusing on three areas important to system development: interleaved symbolic and natural language‚ domain modeling‚ and tutorial dialogue strategies. We provide empirical verification of previous results on interleaving natural and symbolic language‚ and show that the properties of interleaving are highly dependent on the input modality. We describe a task model for our domain‚ and provide corpus data to show that the model must cover basic algebra skills as well‚ which are involved in differentiation. We verify the applicability of an existing annotation scheme for tutoring algebra in our domain‚ and propose that it be extended to cover student initiative.

@inproceedings{dzikovska2006data-driven,
address = {Riva del Garda, Italy},
title = {Data-driven modelling of human tutoring in calculus},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dzikovska2006lam.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ECAI} {Workshop} on {Language}-{Enhanced} {Educational} {Technology}},
author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D. and Zinn, Claus},
editor = {Callaway, Charles},
year = {2006},
pages = {22--28}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 22–28| editors = Charles Callaway (ed.)| last1 = Dzikovska| first1 = Myroslava O.| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Moore| first3 = Johanna D.| last4 = Zinn| first4 = Claus| title = Data-driven modelling of human tutoring in calculus| booktitle = Proceedings of the ECAI Workshop on Language-Enhanced Educational Technology| location = Riva del Garda, Italy| date = 2006}}

Reitter, D., & Callaway, C. (2006). Methods, requirements and licenses for shared NLG resources. In Open Mic Session, Fourth International Natural Language Generation Conference.

@inproceedings{reitter2006methods,
title = {Methods, requirements and licenses for shared {NLG} resources},
booktitle = {Open {Mic} {Session}, {Fourth} {International} {Natural} {Language} {Generation} {Conference}},
author = {Reitter, David and Callaway, Charles},
year = {2006}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Callaway| first2 = Charles| title = Methods, requirements and licenses for shared NLG resources| booktitle = Open Mic Session, Fourth International Natural Language Generation Conference| date = 2006}}

Hachey, B., Murray, G., & Reitter, D. (2006). Dimensionality reduction aids term co-occurrence based multi-document summarization. In Proceedings of the COLING-ACL Workshop Task-Focused Summarization and Question Answering 2006 (pp. 1–7). Sydney, Australia.

A key task in an extraction system for query-oriented multi-document summarisation‚ necessary for computing relevance and redundancy‚ is modelling text semantics. In the Embra system‚ we use a representation derived from the singular value decomposition of a term co-occurrence matrix. We present methods to show the reliability of performance improvements. We find that Embra performs better with dimensionality reduction.

@inproceedings{hachey2006dimensionality,
address = {Sydney, Australia},
title = {Dimensionality reduction aids term co-occurrence based multi-document summarization},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/hachey2006dimensionality.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {COLING}-{ACL} {Workshop} {Task}-{Focused} {Summarization} and {Question} {Answering} 2006},
author = {Hachey, Ben and Murray, Gabriel and Reitter, David},
year = {2006},
pages = {1--7}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 1–7| last1 = Hachey| first1 = Ben| last2 = Murray| first2 = Gabriel| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Dimensionality reduction aids term co-occurrence based multi-document summarization| booktitle = Proceedings of the COLING-ACL Workshop Task-Focused Summarization and Question Answering 2006| location = Sydney, Australia| date = 2006}}

Gluck, K., Gunzelmann, G., Gratch, J., Hudlicka, E., & Ritter, F. E. (2006). Modeling the impact of cognitive moderators on human cognition and performance. In Proceedings of the 2006 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. 2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

@inproceedings{gluck2006modeling,
title = {Modeling the impact of cognitive moderators on human cognition and performance},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/gluckGGHR06.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
publisher = {2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum},
author = {Gluck, K. and Gunzelmann, G. and Gratch, J. and Hudlicka, E. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2006}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| last1 = Gluck| first1 = K.| last2 = Gunzelmann| first2 = G.| last3 = Gratch| first3 = J.| last4 = Hudlicka| first4 = E.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Modeling the impact of cognitive moderators on human cognition and performance| booktitle = Proceedings of the 2006 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 2006}}

Chen, W.-F., & Yeh, K.-C. (2006). Work in Progress: Creating a Case-Based Reasoning Digital Library to Improve Learning in an Introductory Programming Course. In Frontiers in Education Conference, 36th Annual (pp. 21–22).

@inproceedings{chen2006work,
title = {Work in {Progress}: {Creating} a {Case}-{Based} {Reasoning} {Digital} {Library} to {Improve} {Learning} in an {Introductory} {Programming} {Course}},
booktitle = {Frontiers in {Education} {Conference}, 36th {Annual}},
author = {Chen, Wei-Fan and Yeh, Kuo-Chuan},
year = {2006},
pages = {21--22}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 21–22| last1 = Chen| first1 = Wei-Fan| last2 = Yeh| first2 = Kuo-Chuan| title = Work in Progress: Creating a Case-Based Reasoning Digital Library to Improve Learning in an Introductory Programming Course| booktitle = Frontiers in Education Conference, 36th Annual| date = 2006}}

Girouard, A., Smith, N. W., & Ritter, F. (2006). Lessons from decompiling an embodied cognitive model. In Cognitio Workshop.

@inproceedings{girouard_a._smith_n._w._lessons_2006,
title = {Lessons from decompiling an embodied cognitive model},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/girouardSR06.pdf},
booktitle = {Cognitio {Workshop}},
author = {Girouard, A., Smith, N. W. and Ritter, F},
year = {2006}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Girouard, A., Smith, N. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F| title = Lessons from decompiling an embodied cognitive model| booktitle = Cognitio Workshop| date = 2006}}

Reitter, D., Moore, J. D., & Keller, F. (2006). Corpus-based evidence for syntactic priming as rule repetition. Nijmegen, Netherlands.

Published: Talk at the 12th Annual Conference on Architectures and Mechanisms for Language Processing

@book{reitter2006corpus-based,
address = {Nijmegen, Netherlands},
title = {Corpus-based evidence for syntactic priming as rule repetition},
author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D. and Keller, Frank},
year = {2006},
note = {Published: Talk at the 12th Annual Conference on Architectures and Mechanisms for Language Processing}
}

{{Cite book| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Moore| first2 = Johanna D.| last3 = Keller| first3 = Frank| title = Corpus-based evidence for syntactic priming as rule repetition| location = Nijmegen, Netherlands| date = 2006}}

Ritter, F. E., & Norling, E. (2006). Including human variability in a cognitive architecture to improve team simulation. In Cognition and multi-agent interaction: From cognitive modeling to social simulation (pp. 417–427). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

@incollection{ritter2006including,
address = {Cambridge},
title = {Including human variability in a cognitive architecture to improve team simulation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterN06.pdf},
booktitle = {Cognition and multi-agent interaction: {From} cognitive modeling to social simulation},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Norling, E.},
year = {2006},
pages = {417--427}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Cambridge University Press| pages = 417–427| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Norling| first2 = E.| title = Cognition and multi-agent interaction: From cognitive modeling to social simulation| chapter = Including human variability in a cognitive architecture to improve team simulation| location = Cambridge| date = 2006}}

Kim, J. W., Ritter, F. E., & Koubek, R. J. (2006). User’s Guide for the Dismal Spreadsheet: Normalization Task. Study Booklet for Keyboard Users (unpublished ACS Tech. Note No. ACS TN 2006-2). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{kim2006users,
type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}},
title = {User's {Guide} for the {Dismal} {Spreadsheet}: {Normalization} {Task}. {Study} {Booklet} for {Keyboard} {Users}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kimRK06-keyboard.pdf},
number = {ACS TN 2006-2},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Koubek, R. J.},
year = {2006}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Kim| first1 = J. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Koubek| first3 = R. J.| title = User's Guide for the Dismal Spreadsheet: Normalization Task. Study Booklet for Keyboard Users| date = 2006}}

Kim, J. W., Ritter, F. E., & Koubek, R. J. (2006). User’s Guide for the Dismal Spreadsheet: Normalization Task. Study Booklet for Mouse Users (unpublished ACS Tech. Note No. ACS TN 2006-1). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{kim2006users,
type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}},
title = {User's {Guide} for the {Dismal} {Spreadsheet}: {Normalization} {Task}. {Study} {Booklet} for {Mouse} {Users}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kimRK06-mouse.pdf},
number = {ACS TN 2006-1},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Koubek, R. J.},
year = {2006}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Kim| first1 = J. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Koubek| first3 = R. J.| title = User's Guide for the Dismal Spreadsheet: Normalization Task. Study Booklet for Mouse Users| date = 2006}}

2005

St. Amant, R., Freed, A. R., & Ritter, F. E. (2005). Specifying ACT-R models of user interaction with a GOMS language. Cognitive Systems Research, 6(1), 71–88.

Cognitive Systems Research

@article{st._amant_specifying_2005,
title = {Specifying {ACT}-{R} models of user interaction with a {GOMS} language},
volume = {6},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantFR05.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {Cognitive Systems Research},
author = {St. Amant, Robert and Freed, Andrew R. and Ritter, Frank E.},
year = {2005},
pages = {71--88}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 6| issue = 1| pages = 71–88| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = Robert| last2 = Freed| first2 = Andrew R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = Frank E.| title = Specifying ACT-R models of user interaction with a GOMS language| journal = Cognitive Systems Research| date = 2005}}

Ritter, F. E., & Wood, A. B. (2005). Dismal: A spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers, 37(1), 71–81.

Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers

@article{ritter2005dismal:,
title = {Dismal: {A} spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and {HCI} experimentation},
volume = {37},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterW05.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wood, A. B.},
year = {2005},
pages = {71--81}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 37| issue = 1| pages = 71–81| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Wood| first2 = A. B.| title = Dismal: A spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation| journal = Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers| date = 2005}}

Daughtry, J. M., & Ritter, F. E. (2005). Understanding the behaviour of agents and cognitive models: CaDaDis 2, 119(4).

@article{daughtry2005understanding,
title = {Understanding the behaviour of agents and cognitive models: {CaDaDis} 2},
volume = {119},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/daughtryR05.pdf},
number = {4},
author = {Daughtry, J. M. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2005}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 119| issue = 4| last1 = Daughtry| first1 = J. M.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Understanding the behaviour of agents and cognitive models: CaDaDis 2| date = 2005}}

Ritter, F. E., Freed, A. R., & Haskett, O. (2005). User information needs: The case of university department web sites. ACM Interactions, 12(5), 19–27.

ACM interactions

@article{ritter2005user,
title = {User information needs: {The} case of university department web sites},
volume = {12},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterFH05.pdf},
number = {5},
journal = {ACM interactions},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Freed, A. R. and Haskett, O.},
year = {2005},
pages = {19--27}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 12| issue = 5| pages = 19–27| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Freed| first2 = A. R.| last3 = Haskett| first3 = O.| title = User information needs: The case of university department web sites| journal = ACM interactions| date = 2005}}

Inguscio, L., & Ritter, F. E. (2005). Applied Cognitive Science Laboratory at the Pennsylvannia State University (Laboratory Notes). Cognitive Processing: International Quarterly of Cognitive Science, 6(2), 142–146.

Cognitive Processing: International Quarterly of Cognitive Science

@article{inguscio2005applied,
title = {Applied {Cognitive} {Science} {Laboratory} at the {Pennsylvannia} {State} {University} ({Laboratory} {Notes})},
volume = {6},
url = {http://www.springerlink.com/app/home/contribution.asp?wasp=485700d70f624980ba144604e30c8217&referrer=parent&backto=issue,1,6;journal,1,6;linkingpublicationresults,1:110966,1},
number = {2},
journal = {Cognitive Processing: International Quarterly of Cognitive Science},
author = {Inguscio, L. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2005},
pages = {142--146}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 6| issue = 2| pages = 142–146| last1 = Inguscio| first1 = L.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Applied Cognitive Science Laboratory at the Pennsylvannia State University (Laboratory Notes)| journal = Cognitive Processing: International Quarterly of Cognitive Science| date = 2005}}

Hachey, B., Murray, G., & Reitter, D. (2005). The Embra system at DUC 2005: Query-oriented multi-document summarization with a very large latent semantic space. In Document Understanding Conference 2005. Vancouver, Canada: 6 pages.

DUC

We present the Embra system‚ a first-time entry to DUC for 2005 which performed at or above median for the manual assessment of responsiveness and on 4 out of 5 linguistic quality questions. The system takes a novel approach to relevance and redundancy‚ modeling sentence similarity using a latent semantic space constructed over a very large corpus. We present a simple approach to modeling specificity based on named entities which shows a small improvement over baseline. Finally‚ we discuss coherence and present a sentence reordering algorithm with a component-level evaluation demonstrating a positive effect.

@inproceedings{hachey2005embra,
address = {Vancouver, Canada},
title = {The {Embra} system at {DUC} 2005: {Query}-oriented multi-document summarization with a very large latent semantic space},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/hachey2005embra.pdf},
booktitle = {Document {Understanding} {Conference} 2005},
publisher = {6 pages},
author = {Hachey, Ben and Murray, Gabriel and Reitter, David},
year = {2005}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 6 pages| conference = DUC| last1 = Hachey| first1 = Ben| last2 = Murray| first2 = Gabriel| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = The Embra system at DUC 2005: Query-oriented multi-document summarization with a very large latent semantic space| booktitle = Document Understanding Conference 2005| location = Vancouver, Canada| date = 2005}}

Hachey, Ben, Gabriel Murray, and David Reitter. “The Embra System at DUC 2005: Query-Oriented Multi-Document Summarization with a Very Large Latent Semantic Space.” Document Understanding Conference 2005. Vancouver, Canada: 6 pages, 2005. Web.

Reifers, A. L., Schenck, I. N., & Ritter, F. E. (2005). Modeling pre-attentive visual search in ACT-R. In Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society (p. 2545). Mawah, NJ: Erlbaum.

@inproceedings{reifers2005modeling,
address = {Mawah, NJ},
title = {Modeling pre-attentive visual search in {ACT}-{R}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/reifersSR05.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
publisher = {Erlbaum},
author = {Reifers, A. L. and Schenck, I. N. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2005},
pages = {2545}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Erlbaum| pages = 2545| last1 = Reifers| first1 = A. L.| last2 = Schenck| first2 = I. N.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Modeling pre-attentive visual search in ACT-R| booktitle = Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society| location = Mawah, NJ| date = 2005}}

St. Amant, R., Riedl, M. O., Ritter, F. E., & Reifers, A. (2005). Image processing in cognitive models with SegMan. In Proceedings of HCI International 2005. (Invited.) (Vol. 4 - Theories, Models and Processes in HCI).

Paper #1869

@inproceedings{st._amant_image_2005,
title = {Image processing in cognitive models with {SegMan}},
volume = {4 - Theories, Models and Processes in HCI},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantRRR05.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {HCI} {International} 2005. ({Invited}.)},
author = {St. Amant, R. and Riedl, M. O. and Ritter, F. E. and Reifers, A.},
year = {2005},
note = {Paper \#1869}
}

{{Cite conference| volume = 4 - Theories, Models and Processes in HCI| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = R.| last2 = Riedl| first2 = M. O.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Reifers| first4 = A.| title = Image processing in cognitive models with SegMan| booktitle = Proceedings of HCI International 2005. (Invited.)| date = 2005}}

Cohen, M. A., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. R. (2005). Herbal: A high-level language and development environment for developing cognitive models in Soar. In Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 177–182). 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.

@inproceedings{cohen2005herbal:,
title = {Herbal: {A} high-level language and development environment for developing cognitive models in {Soar}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH05.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida},
author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.},
year = {2005},
pages = {177--182}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| pages = 177–182| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| title = Herbal: A high-level language and development environment for developing cognitive models in Soar| booktitle = Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2005}}

Dolfing, H., Reitter, D., Almeida, L., Beires, N., Cody, M., Gomes, R., … Zielinski, R. (2005). The FASiL speech and multimodal corpora. In Proceedings INTER/EUROSPEECH 2005. Lisbon, Portugal.

In the context of the FASiL project‚ we have studied natural language interactions in a unimodal (speech only) and multimodal (speech and graphics) interface to a personal information management database. We collected multilingual corpora to investigate these interactions in three languages: Portuguese‚ English and Swedish. The corpora are used to train language models‚ to update acoustic models‚ to study semantic concepts‚ multimodal interactions‚ and dialogue management strategies. The corpora are annotated in a uniform way‚ with timings‚ transcriptions‚ and semantics. In this paper‚ we report on the structure and design of the corpora which are now available via ELRA.

@inproceedings{dolfing2005fasil,
address = {Lisbon, Portugal},
title = {The {FASiL} speech and multimodal corpora},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dolfing2005fasilcorpora.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings {INTER}/{EUROSPEECH} 2005},
author = {Dolfing, Hans and Reitter, David and Almeida, Luis and Beires, Nuno and Cody, Michael and Gomes, Rui and Robinson, Kerry and Zielinski, Roman},
year = {2005}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Dolfing| first1 = Hans| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Almeida| first3 = Luis| last4 = Beires| first4 = Nuno| last5 = Cody| first5 = Michael| last6 = Gomes| first6 = Rui| last7 = Robinson| first7 = Kerry| last8 = Zielinski| first8 = Roman| title = The FASiL speech and multimodal corpora| booktitle = Proceedings INTER/EUROSPEECH 2005| location = Lisbon, Portugal| date = 2005}}

Ritter, F. E., Morgan, G. P., Stevenson, W. E., & Cohen, M. A. (2005). A tutorial on Herbal: A high-level language and development environment based on Protege for developing cognitive models in Soar. In L. Allender & T. Kelley (Eds.), Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.

@incollection{ritter2005tutorial,
address = {Orlando, FL},
title = {A tutorial on {Herbal}: {A} high-level language and development environment based on {Protege} for developing cognitive models in {Soar}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterMSC05.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {U. of Central Florida},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, G. P. and Stevenson, W. E. and Cohen, M. A.},
editor = {Allender, L. and Kelley, T.},
year = {2005}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = U. of Central Florida| editors = L. Allender, T. Kelley (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = G. P.| last3 = Stevenson| first3 = W. E.| last4 = Cohen| first4 = M. A.| title = Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| chapter = A tutorial on Herbal: A high-level language and development environment based on Protege for developing cognitive models in Soar| location = Orlando, FL| date = 2005}}

Morgan, G. P., Ritter, F. E., Stevenson, W. E., Schenck, I. N., & Cohen, M. A. (2005). dTank: An environment for architectural comparisons of competitive agents. In L. Allender & T. Kelley (Eds.), Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 133–140). 05-BRIMS-043. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.

@incollection{morgan2005dtank:,
address = {05-BRIMS-043. Orlando, FL},
title = {{dTank}: {An} environment for architectural comparisons of competitive agents},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganRSSC05.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {U. of Central Florida},
author = {Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E. and Stevenson, W. E. and Schenck, I. N. and Cohen, M. A.},
editor = {Allender, L. and Kelley, T.},
year = {2005},
pages = {133--140}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = U. of Central Florida| pages = 133–140| editors = L. Allender, T. Kelley (eds.)| last1 = Morgan| first1 = G. P.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Stevenson| first3 = W. E.| last4 = Schenck| first4 = I. N.| last5 = Cohen| first5 = M. A.| title = Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| chapter = dTank: An environment for architectural comparisons of competitive agents| location = 05-BRIMS-043. Orlando, FL| date = 2005}}

Morgan, G. P., Haynes, S. R., Ritter, F. E., & Cohen, M. A. (2005). Increasing efficiency of the development of user models. IEEE and Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia: Charlottesville, VA.

@incollection{morgan2005increasing,
address = {IEEE and Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia},
title = {Increasing efficiency of the development of user models},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganHRC05.pdf},
publisher = {Charlottesville, VA},
author = {Morgan, G. P. and Haynes, S. R. and Ritter, F. E. and Cohen, M. A.},
year = {2005}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Charlottesville, VA| last1 = Morgan| first1 = G. P.| last2 = Haynes| first2 = S. R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Cohen| first4 = M. A.| chapter = Increasing efficiency of the development of user models| location = IEEE and Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia| date = 2005}}

Kukreja, U. (2005). Towards model-based evaluations of human-robot interfaces (Tech Report No. ACS 2005-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{kukreja2005towards,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {Towards model-based evaluations of human-robot interfaces},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kukreja05.pdf},
number = {ACS 2005-1},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Kukreja, U.},
year = {2005}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Kukreja| first = U.| title = Towards model-based evaluations of human-robot interfaces| location = University Park, PA| date = 2005}}

Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A. L., & Schoelles, M. J. (2005). Defining testable theories of pre-task appraisal stress (Tech Report No. ACS 2005-2). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{ritter_f._e._reifers_defining_2005,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {Defining testable theories of pre-task appraisal stress},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterRS05.pdf},
number = {ACS 2005-2},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
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}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter, F. E., Reifers| first1 = A. L.| last2 = Schoelles| first2 = M. J.| title = Defining testable theories of pre-task appraisal stress| location = University Park, PA| date = 2005}}

Ritter, F. E., Ceballos, R., Reifers, A. L., & Klein, L. C. (2005). Measuring the effect of dental work as a stressor on cognition (Tech Report No. ACS 2005-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{ritter2005measuring,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {Measuring the effect of dental work as a stressor on cognition},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterCRK05.pdf},
number = {ACS 2005-1},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Ceballos, R. and Reifers, A. L. and Klein, L. C.},
year = {2005}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Ceballos| first2 = R.| last3 = Reifers| first3 = A. L.| last4 = Klein| first4 = L. C.| title = Measuring the effect of dental work as a stressor on cognition| location = University Park, PA| date = 2005}}

Reitter, D. (2005). Aquamacs Emacs - a development and authoring environment.

Aquamacs is a user-friendly build of the powerful Emacs text editor. Aquamacs integrates with the Mac and offers the same comforts that any application on the Mac provides. Yet‚ it comes with all the ergonomy and extensibility you’ve come to expect from GNU Emacs. It has been authored by David Reitter‚ based on GNU Emacs by Richard Stallman and many others.
Aquamacs has been available for about a decade and is used daily by more than twelve thousand academics‚ programmers‚ and authors. It is backed by two strong communities: Aquamacs users‚ and Emacs enthusiasts on all computing platforms (GNU/Linux/Unix‚ Windows‚ Mac).

@misc{reitter2005aquamacs,
title = {Aquamacs {Emacs} - a development and authoring environment},
copyright = {Free Software},
url = {http://aquamacs.org},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2005}
}

{{Cite| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Aquamacs Emacs - a development and authoring environment| date = 2005}}

Reitter, David. Aquamacs Emacs - a Development and Authoring Environment. N.p., 2005. Web.

2004

Haynes, S. R., Councill, I. G., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). Responsibility-driven explanation engineering for cognitive models. In AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Agent Architectures: Combining the Strengths of Software Engineering and Cognitive Systems, 46–52.

In AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Agent Architectures: Combining the Strengths of Software Engineering and Cognitive Systems

@article{haynes2004responsibility-driven,
title = {Responsibility-driven explanation engineering for cognitive models},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesCR04.pdf},
journal = {In AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Agent Architectures: Combining the Strengths of Software Engineering and Cognitive Systems},
author = {Haynes, S. R. and Councill, I. G. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2004},
pages = {46--52}
}

{{Cite journal| pages = 46–52| last1 = Haynes| first1 = S. R.| last2 = Councill| first2 = I. G.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Responsibility-driven explanation engineering for cognitive models| journal = In AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Agent Architectures: Combining the Strengths of Software Engineering and Cognitive Systems| date = 2004}}

Ritter, F. E. (2004). Choosing and getting started with a cognitive architecture to test and use human-machine interfaces. MMI-Interaktiv-Journal’s Special Issue on Modeling and Simulation in Human-Machine Systems, 7, 17–37.

MMI-Interaktiv-Journal's special issue on Modeling and Simulation in Human-Machine Systems

@article{ritter2004choosing,
title = {Choosing and getting started with a cognitive architecture to test and use human-machine interfaces},
volume = {7},
url = {http://www.mmi-interaktiv.de/uploads/media/03-Ritter.pdf},
journal = {MMI-Interaktiv-Journal's special issue on Modeling and Simulation in Human-Machine Systems},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2004},
pages = {17--37}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 7| pages = 17–37| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Choosing and getting started with a cognitive architecture to test and use human-machine interfaces| journal = MMI-Interaktiv-Journal's special issue on Modeling and Simulation in Human-Machine Systems| date = 2004}}

Reitter, D., Panttaja, E., & Cummins, F. (2004). UI on the fly: generating a multimodal user interface. In Proceedings of Human Language Technology Conference 2004 / North American chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (pp. 45–48). Boston, MA.

HLT-NAACL

UI on the Fly is a system that dynamically presents coordinated multimodal content through natural language and a small-screen graphical user interface. It adapts to the user’s preferences and situation. Multimodal Functional Unification Grammar (MUG) is a unification-based formalism that uses rules to generate content that is coordinated across several communication modes. Faithful variants are scored with a heuristic function.

@inproceedings{reitter2004ui,
address = {Boston, MA},
title = {{UI} on the fly: generating a multimodal user interface},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter-etal_uifly_2004.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {Human} {Language} {Technology} {Conference} 2004 / {North} {American} chapter of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}},
author = {Reitter, David and Panttaja, Erin and Cummins, Fred},
year = {2004},
pages = {45--48}
}

{{Cite conference| conference = HLT-NAACL| pages = 45–48| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Panttaja| first2 = Erin| last3 = Cummins| first3 = Fred| title = UI on the fly: generating a multimodal user interface| booktitle = Proceedings of Human Language Technology Conference 2004 / North American chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics| location = Boston, MA| date = 2004}}

Reitter, David, Erin Panttaja, and Fred Cummins. “UI on the Fly: Generating a Multimodal User Interface.” Proceedings of Human Language Technology Conference 2004 / North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Boston, MA: N.p., 2004. 45–48. Web.

Belavkin, R. V., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). OPTIMIST: A new conflict resolution algorithm for ACT-R. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 40–45). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

@inproceedings{belavkin2004optimist:,
address = {Mahwah, NJ},
title = {{OPTIMIST}: {A} new conflict resolution algorithm for {ACT}-{R}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/belavkinR04.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Erlbaum},
author = {Belavkin, R. V. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2004},
pages = {40--45}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Erlbaum| pages = 40–45| last1 = Belavkin| first1 = R. V.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = OPTIMIST: A new conflict resolution algorithm for ACT-R| booktitle = Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Mahwah, NJ| date = 2004}}

St. Amant, R., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). Automated GOMS to ACT-R model generation. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

@inproceedings{st._amant_automated_2004,
address = {Mahwah, NJ},
title = {Automated {GOMS} to {ACT}-{R} model generation},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum},
author = {St. Amant, R. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2004}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Lawrence Erlbaum| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Automated GOMS to ACT-R model generation| booktitle = Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Mahwah, NJ| date = 2004}}

Cohen, M. A., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. (2004). An introduction to Herbal. In Proceedings of the XXIV Workshop (pp. 75–77). University of Michigan. The Soar Group, University of Michigan: The Soar Group.

@inproceedings{cohen2004introduction,
address = {University of Michigan. The Soar Group, University of Michigan},
title = {An introduction to {Herbal}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH04.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {XXIV} {Workshop}},
publisher = {The Soar Group},
author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S.},
year = {2004},
pages = {75--77}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = The Soar Group| pages = 75–77| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S.| title = An introduction to Herbal| booktitle = Proceedings of the XXIV Workshop| location = University of Michigan. The Soar Group, University of Michigan| date = 2004}}

St. Amant, R., Horton, T. E., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). Model-based evaluation of cell phone menu interaction. In Proceedings of the CHI’04 Conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems (pp. 343–350). New York: NY: ACM. New York, NY: ACM.

@inproceedings{st._amant_model-based_2004,
address = {New York},
title = {Model-based evaluation of cell phone menu interaction},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantHR04.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {CHI}'04 {Conference} on {Human} {Factors} in {Computer} {Systems}},
publisher = {NY: ACM. New York, NY: ACM},
author = {St. Amant, R. and Horton, T. E. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2004},
pages = {343--350}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = NY: ACM. New York, NY: ACM| pages = 343–350| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = R.| last2 = Horton| first2 = T. E.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Model-based evaluation of cell phone menu interaction| booktitle = Proceedings of the CHI'04 Conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems| location = New York| date = 2004}}

Panttaja, E., Reitter, D., & Cummins, F. (2004). The evaluation of adaptable multimodal system outputs. In Proceedings of the DUMAS Workshop on Robust and Adaptive Information Processing for Mobile Speech Interfaces (pp. 69–76). Geneva, Switzerland.

Adaptable multimodal systems are difficult to test. We present a methodology for evaluating parallel multimodal output which is generated in response to a specific set of user‚ device and situation constraints. Our method involves ranking of many potential output variants using a fitness function‚ and selecting well-differentiated variants for user testing. We focus on the generation of multiple variants of graphical user interfaces for small-screen devices and natural language voice output‚ within a system we term UI on the Fly.

@inproceedings{panttaja2004evaluation,
address = {Geneva, Switzerland},
title = {The evaluation of adaptable multimodal system outputs},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/panttaja-etal2004.pdf}evaluation,
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {DUMAS} {Workshop} on {Robust} and {Adaptive} {Information} {Processing} for {Mobile} {Speech} {Interfaces}},
author = {Panttaja, Erin and Reitter, David and Cummins, Fred},
year = {2004},
pages = {69--76}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 69–76| last1 = Panttaja| first1 = Erin| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Cummins| first3 = Fred| title = The evaluation of adaptable multimodal system outputs| booktitle = Proceedings of the DUMAS Workshop on Robust and Adaptive Information Processing for Mobile Speech Interfaces| location = Geneva, Switzerland| date = 2004}}

Reitter, D. (2004). A development environment for multimodal functional unification generation grammars. In Third International Conference on Natural Language Generation. 2nd Volume; posters. Brockenhurst, U.K.

When grammar-based techniques for natural language generation (and analysis alike) find their way into collaborative projects or actual application‚ big grammars tend to become hard to extend and debug. The MUG system represents a new tool set with a graphical debugging environment for functional unification grammars‚ which is designed to help grammar developers inspect the results of their work. The particular formalism supported is Multimodal Functional Unification Grammar (MUG‚ [4])‚ which is similar to Functional Unification Grammars (FUG: [2]‚ [1])‚ but supports several coordinated modes‚ such as voice prompts or structural and/or language-based screen displays. For each input description‚ the grammar can generate a range of coherent realization variants‚ which are ranked by a scoring function in order to optimize the output towards situational and device-related factors.

@inproceedings{reitter2004development,
address = {Brockenhurst, U.K.},
title = {A development environment for multimodal functional unification generation grammars},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter2004inlg.pdf},
booktitle = {Third {International} {Conference} on {Natural} {Language} {Generation}. 2nd {Volume}; posters.},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2004}
}

{{Cite conference| last = Reitter| first = David| title = A development environment for multimodal functional unification generation grammars| booktitle = Third International Conference on Natural Language Generation. 2nd Volume; posters.| location = Brockenhurst, U.K.| date = 2004}}

Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A., Klein, L. C., Quigley, K., & Schoelles, M. (2004). Using cognitive modeling to study behavior moderators: Pre-task appraisal and anxiety. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (pp. 2121–2125). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.

@inproceedings{ritter2004using,
title = {Using cognitive modeling to study behavior moderators: {Pre}-task appraisal and anxiety},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterRKQS04.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Human} {Factors} and {Ergonomics} {Society}},
publisher = {Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Reifers, A. and Klein, L. C. and Quigley, K. and Schoelles, M.},
year = {2004},
pages = {2121--2125}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society| pages = 2121–2125| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Reifers| first2 = A.| last3 = Klein| first3 = L. C.| last4 = Quigley| first4 = K.| last5 = Schoelles| first5 = M.| title = Using cognitive modeling to study behavior moderators: Pre-task appraisal and anxiety| booktitle = Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society| date = 2004}}

Norling, E., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). A parameter set to support psychologically plausible variability in agent-based human modelling. In The Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi Agent Systems (AAMAS04) (pp. 758–765). New York, NY: ACM.

This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of ACM for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in , which will be available from the ACM web site

@inproceedings{norling2004parameter,
address = {New York, NY},
title = {A parameter set to support psychologically plausible variability in agent-based human modelling},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/norlingR04.pdf},
booktitle = {The {Third} {International} {Joint} {Conference} on {Autonomous} {Agents} and {Multi} {Agent} {Systems} ({AAMAS}04)},
publisher = {ACM},
author = {Norling, E. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2004},
note = {This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of ACM for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in , which will be available from the ACM web site},
pages = {758--765}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = ACM| pages = 758–765| last1 = Norling| first1 = E.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = A parameter set to support psychologically plausible variability in agent-based human modelling| booktitle = The Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi Agent Systems (AAMAS04)| location = New York, NY| date = 2004}}

Tor, K., Ritter, F. E., Haynes, S. R., & Cohen, M. A. (2004). CaDaDis: A tool for displaying the behavior of cognitive models and agents. In Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 192–200). 04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.

@inproceedings{tor2004cadadis:,
title = {{CaDaDis}: {A} tool for displaying the behavior of cognitive models and agents},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/torRHC04.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}},
publisher = {04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida},
author = {Tor, K. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. A.},
year = {2004},
pages = {192--200}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| pages = 192–200| last1 = Tor| first1 = K.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| last4 = Cohen| first4 = M. A.| title = CaDaDis: A tool for displaying the behavior of cognitive models and agents| booktitle = Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2004}}

Tor, K., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). Using a genetic algorithm to optimize the fit of cognitive models. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 308–313). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

@inproceedings{tor2004using,
title = {Using a genetic algorithm to optimize the fit of cognitive models},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/torR04.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum},
author = {Tor, K. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2004},
pages = {308--313}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| pages = 308–313| last1 = Tor| first1 = K.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Using a genetic algorithm to optimize the fit of cognitive models| booktitle = Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| date = 2004}}

Sun, S., Councill, I., Fan, X., Ritter, F. E., & Yen, J. (2004). Comparing teamwork modeling in an empirical approach. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 388–389). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

@inproceedings{sun2004comparing,
title = {Comparing teamwork modeling in an empirical approach},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/sunCFRY04.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum},
author = {Sun, S. and Councill, I. and Fan, X. and Ritter, F. E. and Yen, J.},
year = {2004},
pages = {388--389}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| pages = 388–389| last1 = Sun| first1 = S.| last2 = Councill| first2 = I.| last3 = Fan| first3 = X.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| last5 = Yen| first5 = J.| title = Comparing teamwork modeling in an empirical approach| booktitle = Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| date = 2004}}

Tor, K., Haynes, S. R., Ritter, F. E., & Cohen, M. A. (2004). Categorical data displays generated from three cognitive architectures illustrate their behavior. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 302–307). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

@inproceedings{tor2004categorical,
title = {Categorical data displays generated from three cognitive architectures illustrate their behavior},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/torHRC04.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum},
author = {Tor, K. and Haynes, S. R. and Ritter, F. E. and Cohen, M. A.},
year = {2004},
pages = {302--307}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| pages = 302–307| last1 = Tor| first1 = K.| last2 = Haynes| first2 = S. R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Cohen| first4 = M. A.| title = Categorical data displays generated from three cognitive architectures illustrate their behavior| booktitle = Proceedings of the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| date = 2004}}

Inguscio, L., Marucci, F. S., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). Il sistema di produzione ACT-R/PM: Un modello simulativo dei processi percettivo-morori. Congresso Nazionale della Sezione di Psicologia Sperimentale. local copy.

@book{inguscio2004il,
title = {Il sistema di produzione {ACT}-{R}/{PM}: {Un} modello simulativo dei processi percettivo-morori},
url = {http://www.unipa.it/frapax/documenti/in_o_06_inguscio.pdf},
publisher = {Congresso Nazionale della Sezione di Psicologia Sperimentale. local copy},
author = {Inguscio, L. and Marucci, F. S. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2004}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Congresso Nazionale della Sezione di Psicologia Sperimentale. local copy| last1 = Inguscio| first1 = L.| last2 = Marucci| first2 = F. S.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Il sistema di produzione ACT-R/PM: Un modello simulativo dei processi percettivo-morori| date = 2004}}

Kase, S. E., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). The gender factor in computer anxiety: Perspectives in IT. Encylopedia of Information Science and Technology.

@book{kase2004gender,
title = {The gender factor in computer anxiety: {Perspectives} in {IT}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRip.pdf},
publisher = {Encylopedia of Information Science and Technology},
author = {Kase, S. E and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2004}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Encylopedia of Information Science and Technology| last1 = Kase| first1 = S. E| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = The gender factor in computer anxiety: Perspectives in IT| date = 2004}}

Reitter, D. (2004). Hybrid planning and realization of coherent utterances for multimodal natural language dialogue systems. University College Dublin.

The output of multimodal human-computer interfaces is what this thesis is concerned with. Rather than hard-coding graphical and spoken representations‚ methods are introduced that plan and realize coherent output‚ appropriate to the situation and the device. The generation system expects a mode- and language-independent representation‚ as it can be supplied by the dialogue management component of a dialogue system. The generator then assembles mode-specific rendering instructions simultaneously for each mode with the aid of a unification-based functional grammar. The approach proposed in this thesis abandons the canonical structure of pipelined planning and realization in natural language generation‚ in favor of hard constraints formulated in a grammar‚ and soft constraints that allow for the gradual adaptivity of the output. The grammar is constructed to ensure the coherence of output in different modalities‚ whose output is generated in a synchronized fashion rather than by separate‚ mode-specific generators. The soft constraints follow some of the Gricean maxims by incorporating two counteracting communicative goals: efficacy and efficiency. A fitness function encoding these goals takes into account situation- and user-specific factors‚ such as distractions in a single mode or the user’s sensory impairments. The function leads to the selection of an appropriate output from the variety of potential outputs generated by the grammar. It is evaluated in a study with human subjects. The thesis presents a unification based‚ hybrid grammar formalism which can combine pre-fabricated phrases and linguistically motivated grammar fragments‚ and an associated algorithm which integrates the formulation of grammars that lead to cross-modally coherent output. Methods are compared to efficiently implement a control strategy‚ combining hard and soft constraints as a constraint optimization problem. The cross-modal coherence implemented by the grammar formalism is motivated by known phenomena‚ such as cross-modal priming‚ or alignment between interlocutors. To optimize discourse coherence‚ central ideas of Centering Theory are implemented using the grammar formalism. Finally‚ novel methods and a ready-to-use implementation are introduced which allow user interface developers to inspect‚ maintain and extend grammars. The formalism and generation implementation is demonstrated with a grammar for a mobile‚ multimodal application‚ the Virtual Personal Assistant.

@phdthesis{reitter2004hybrid,
title = {Hybrid planning and realization of coherent utterances for multimodal natural language dialogue systems},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2004hybrid-multimodal-generation_compressed.pdf},
school = {University College Dublin},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2004}
}

{{Cite paper| publisher = University College Dublin| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Hybrid planning and realization of coherent utterances for multimodal natural language dialogue systems| date = 2004}}

Councill, I. G., Morgan, G. P., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). dTank: A competitive environment for distributed agents (Tech Report No. ACS 2004-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{councill2004dtank:,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {{dTank}: {A} competitive environment for distributed agents},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/councillMR04.pdf},
number = {ACS 2004-1},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Councill, I. G. and Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2004}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Councill| first1 = I. G.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = G. P.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = dTank: A competitive environment for distributed agents| location = University Park, PA| date = 2004}}

Cohen, M. A., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). Herbal Tutorial (Tech Report No. ACS 2004-2). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{cohen2004herbal,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {Herbal {Tutorial}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/cohenR04.pdf},
number = {ACS 2004-2},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2004}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Herbal Tutorial| location = University Park, PA| date = 2004}}

2003

Reitter, D. (2003). Simple signals for complex rhetorics: on rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models. Journal for Language Technology and Computational Linguistics (LDV Forum), 18(1/2), 38–52.

Journal for Language Technology and Computational Linguistics (LDV Forum)

Most text displays an internal coherence structure‚ which can be analyzed as a tree structure of relations that hold between short segments of text. We present a machine-learning governed approach to such an analysis in the framework of Rhetorical Structure Theory. Our rhetorical analyzer observes a variety of textual properties‚ such as cue phrases‚ part-of-speech information‚ rhetorical context and lexical chaining. A two-stage parsing algorithm uses local and global optimization to find an analysis. Decisions during parsing are driven by an ensemble of support vector classifiers. This training method allows for a non-linear separation of samples with many relevant features. We define a chain of annotation tools that profits from a new underspecified representation of rhetorical structure. Classifiers are trained on a newly introduced German language corpus‚ as well as on a large English one. We present evaluation data for the recognition of rhetorical relations.

@article{reitter2003simple,
title = {Simple signals for complex rhetorics: on rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models},
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pages = {38--52}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 18| issue = 1/2| pages = 38–52| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Simple signals for complex rhetorics: on rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models| journal = Journal for Language Technology and Computational Linguistics (LDV Forum)| date = 2003}}

Jones, G., & Ritter, F. E. (2003). Production systems and rule-based inference. In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science, 741–747.

In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science

@article{jones2003production,
title = {Production systems and rule-based inference},
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pages = {741--747}
}

{{Cite journal| pages = 741–747| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Production systems and rule-based inference| journal = In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science| date = 2003}}

Ritter, F. E. (2003). Comments on Grant and Roberts & Paschler. In social processes in validation (pp. 129–130). notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop as part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop: part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation. Retrieved from http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter03c.pdf

@inproceedings{ritter2003comments,
address = {notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop as part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop},
title = {Comments on {Grant} and {Roberts} \& {Paschler}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter03c.pdf},
booktitle = {social processes in validation},
publisher = {part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2003},
pages = {129--130}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation| pages = 129–130| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Comments on Grant and Roberts & Paschler| booktitle = social processes in validation| location = notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop as part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop| date = 2003}}

Shah, K., Rajyaguru, S., St. Amant, R., & Ritter, F. E. (2003). Image processing for cognitive modeling in dynamic gaming environments. In F. Detje, D. Doerner, & H. Schaub (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 189–194). Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg.

@inproceedings{shah2003image,
address = {Bamberg, Germany},
title = {Image processing for cognitive modeling in dynamic gaming environments},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/shahRSAR03.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
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pages = {189--194}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Universitats-Verlag Bamberg| pages = 189–194| editors = F. Detje, D. Doerner, H. Schaub (eds.)| last1 = Shah| first1 = K.| last2 = Rajyaguru| first2 = S.| last3 = St. Amant| first3 = R.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = Image processing for cognitive modeling in dynamic gaming environments| booktitle = Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Bamberg, Germany| date = 2003}}

Reitter, D., & Stede, M. (2003). Step by step: underspecified markup in incremental rhetorical analysis. In Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Linguistically Interpreted Corpora (LINC-03) (at EACL 2003) (pp. 77–84). Budapest, Hungary.

While quite a few linguistic corpora with syntactic annotations are available today‚ resources are scarce on the level of discourse annotation. A flexible‚ extendible annotation format speeds up development. We therefore propose an XML format for annotating rhetorical structure trees. In human and automatic analysis‚ rhetorical structure is often difficult and assigned incrementally. Thus‚ the format allows for underspecification. The paper discusses the various design decisions involved‚ illustrates the format with an example‚ and sketches some applications.

@inproceedings{reitter2003step,
address = {Budapest, Hungary},
title = {Step by step: underspecified markup in incremental rhetorical analysis},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter-stede2003.pdf}urml,
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th {International} {Workshop} on {Linguistically} {Interpreted} {Corpora} ({LINC}-03) (at {EACL} 2003)},
author = {Reitter, David and Stede, Manfred},
year = {2003},
pages = {77--84}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 77–84| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Stede| first2 = Manfred| title = Step by step: underspecified markup in incremental rhetorical analysis| booktitle = Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Linguistically Interpreted Corpora (LINC-03) (at EACL 2003)| location = Budapest, Hungary| date = 2003}}

Ritter, F. E., Shadbolt, N. R., Elliman, D., Young, R., Gobet, F., & Baxter, G. D. (2003). Techniques for modeling human and organizational behaviour in synthetic environments: A supplementary review. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Human Systems Information Analysis Center.

@book{ritter2003techniques,
address = {Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH},
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author = {Ritter, F. E. and Shadbolt, N. R. and Elliman, D. and Young, R. and Gobet, F. and Baxter, G. D.},
year = {2003}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Human Systems Information Analysis Center| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Shadbolt| first2 = N. R.| last3 = Elliman| first3 = D.| last4 = Young| first4 = R.| last5 = Gobet| first5 = F.| last6 = Baxter| first6 = G. D.| title = Techniques for modeling human and organizational behaviour in synthetic environments: A supplementary review| location = Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH| date = 2003}}

Ritter, F. E. (2003). Soar. In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science (Vol. vol. 4, pp. 60–65). London: Macmillan.

@incollection{ritter2003soar,
address = {London},
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author = {Ritter, F. E.},
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pages = {60--65}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Macmillan| volume = vol. 4| pages = 60–65| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science| chapter = Soar| location = London| date = 2003}}

Kalus, T., & Ritter, F. E. (2003). The Soar Tutorial. In F. Detje, D. Doerner, & H. Schaub (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. 318. Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg.

@incollection{kalus2003soar,
address = {318. Bamberg, Germany},
title = {The {Soar} {Tutorial}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kalusR03.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
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author = {Kalus, T. and Ritter, F. E.},
editor = {Detje, F. and Doerner, D. and Schaub, H.},
year = {2003}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Universitats-Verlag Bamberg| editors = F. Detje, D. Doerner, H. Schaub (eds.)| last1 = Kalus| first1 = T.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| chapter = The Soar Tutorial| location = 318. Bamberg, Germany| date = 2003}}

Councill, I. G., Haynes, S. R., & Ritter, F. E. (2003). Explaining Soar: Analysis of existing tools and user information requirements. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 63–68). Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg.

@incollection{councill2003explaining,
address = {Bamberg, Germany},
title = {Explaining {Soar}: {Analysis} of existing tools and user information requirements},
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booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
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pages = {63--68}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Universitats-Verlag Bamberg| pages = 63–68| last1 = Councill| first1 = I. G.| last2 = Haynes| first2 = S. R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| chapter = Explaining Soar: Analysis of existing tools and user information requirements| location = Bamberg, Germany| date = 2003}}

Belavkin, R. V., & Ritter, F. E. (2003). The use of entropy for analysis and control of cognitive models. In F. Detje, D. Doerner, & H. Schaub (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 21–26). Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg.

@incollection{belavkin2003use,
address = {Bamberg, Germany},
title = {The use of entropy for analysis and control of cognitive models},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/belavkinR03.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
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editor = {Detje, F. and Doerner, D. and Schaub, H.},
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pages = {21--26}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Universitats-Verlag Bamberg| pages = 21–26| editors = F. Detje, D. Doerner, H. Schaub (eds.)| last1 = Belavkin| first1 = R. V.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| chapter = The use of entropy for analysis and control of cognitive models| location = Bamberg, Germany| date = 2003}}

Reitter, D. (2003). Rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models. University of Potsdam.

Best thesis award 2001/2002 at the GLDV'03 spring conference.

@phdthesis{reitter2003rhetorical,
title = {Rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models},
url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2003.pdf}rstsvm-thesis,
school = {University of Potsdam},
author = {Reitter, David},
year = {2003},
note = {Best thesis award 2001/2002 at the GLDV'03 spring conference.}
}

{{Cite paper| publisher = University of Potsdam| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models| date = 2003}}

Freed, A. R. (2003). The effects of interface design on telephone dialing performance (Tech Report No. ACS 2003-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{freed2003effects,
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number = {ACS 2003-1},
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author = {Freed, A. R.},
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}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Freed| first = A. R.| title = The effects of interface design on telephone dialing performance| location = University Park, PA| date = 2003}}

2002

Ritter, F. E., & Councill, I. G. (2002). A review of the 22nd Soar Workshop. AI Magazine, 23(3), 107–109.

AI Magazine

@article{ritter2002review,
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}

{{Cite journal| volume = 23| issue = 3| pages = 107–109| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Councill| first2 = I. G.| title = A review of the 22nd Soar Workshop| journal = AI Magazine| date = 2002}}

Baxter, G. D., & Ritter, F. E. (2002). A review of “A multidisciplinary approach to human-maching systems development: Cognitive Engineering in the Aviation Domain” edited by Nadine B. Sarter and Rene Amalberti, 47(4), 362–364. Retrieved from http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterR02.pdf

Sarter and Rene Amalberti

@article{baxter2002review,
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author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.},
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pages = {362--364}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 47| issue = 4| pages = 362–364| last1 = Baxter| first1 = G. D.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = A review of "A multidisciplinary approach to human-maching systems development: Cognitive Engineering in the Aviation Domain" edited by Nadine B| journal = Sarter and Rene Amalberti| date = 2002}}

Mudgett, D. R., Freed, A. R., & Ritter, F. E. (2002). Web-based resources for teaching discrete mathematics to students of information sciences and technology. IEEE Learning Technology, 4(3), 9–10.

IEEE Learning Technology

@article{mudgett2002web-based,
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author = {Mudgett, D. R. and Freed, A. R. and Ritter, F. E.},
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pages = {9--10}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 4| issue = 3| pages = 9–10| last1 = Mudgett| first1 = D. R.| last2 = Freed| first2 = A. R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Web-based resources for teaching discrete mathematics to students of information sciences and technology| journal = IEEE Learning Technology| date = 2002}}

Ritter, F. E., Van Rooy, D., & St. Amant, R. (2002). A user modeling design tool for comparing interfaces. In C. Kolski & J. Vanderdonckt (Eds.), Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces III, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces CADUI’2002 (pp. 111–118). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academics Publisher.

@inproceedings{ritter2002user,
address = {Dordrecht},
title = {A user modeling design tool for comparing interfaces},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterVRSA02.pdf},
booktitle = {Computer-{Aided} {Design} of {User} {Interfaces} {III}, {Proceedings} of the 4th {International} {Conference} on {Computer}-{Aided} {Design} of {User} {Interfaces} {CADUI}'2002},
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pages = {111--118}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Kluwer Academics Publisher| pages = 111–118| editors = C. Kolski, J. Vanderdonckt (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Van Rooy| first2 = D.| last3 = St. Amant| first3 = R.| title = A user modeling design tool for comparing interfaces| booktitle = Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces III, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces CADUI'2002| location = Dordrecht| date = 2002}}

Reitter, D. (2002). Statistical part-of-speech guessing for german: support vector classifiers versus voting. In Proceedings of the 12th Student Conference on Computational Linguistics (TaCoS). Potsdam, Germany.

I present a statistical-based approach to the part-of-speech guessing problem. I see assigning a part-of-speech‚ such as Adjective or Noun ‚ as a classification problem. My guessing framework‚ which relies on automated learning of a language model‚ is described in detail. The rich feature analysis presented is suitable for linguistic data‚ such as the ones observed in German. I use a large margin classifier learning algorithm to select relevant features and learn appropriate labelling. The system is evaluated using a German corpus.

@inproceedings{reitter2002statistical,
address = {Potsdam, Germany},
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year = {2002}
}

{{Cite conference| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Statistical part-of-speech guessing for german: support vector classifiers versus voting| booktitle = Proceedings of the 12th Student Conference on Computational Linguistics (TaCoS)| location = Potsdam, Germany| date = 2002}}

Ritter, F. E., Avraamides, M., & Councill, I. G. (2002). An approach for accurately modeling the effects of behavior moderators. In Proceedings of the 11th Computer Generated Forces Conference (pp. 29–40). 02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.

@inproceedings{ritter2002approach,
title = {An approach for accurately modeling the effects of behavior moderators},
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}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| pages = 29–40| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Avraamides| first2 = M.| last3 = Councill| first3 = I. G.| title = An approach for accurately modeling the effects of behavior moderators| booktitle = Proceedings of the 11th Computer Generated Forces Conference| date = 2002}}

Berger, D., Reitter, D., & Stede, M. (2002). XML/XSL in the dictionary: the case of discourse markers. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on NLP and XML (NLPXML-2002), (at COLING 2002). Taipei, Taiwan.

We describe our ongoing work on an application of XML/XSL technology to a dictionary‚ from whose source representation various views for the human reader as well as for automatic text generation and understanding are derived. Our case study is a dictionary of discourse markers‚ the words (often‚ but not always‚ conjunctions) that signal the presence of a disocurse relation between adjacent spans of text.

@inproceedings{berger2002xml/xsl,
address = {Taipei, Taiwan},
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}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Berger| first1 = Daniela| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Stede| first3 = Manfred| title = XML/XSL in the dictionary: the case of discourse markers| booktitle = Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on NLP and XML (NLPXML-2002), (at COLING 2002)| location = Taipei, Taiwan| date = 2002}}

Berger, Daniela, David Reitter, and Manfred Stede. “XML/XSL in the Dictionary: The Case of Discourse Markers.” Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on NLP and XML (NLPXML-2002), (at COLING 2002). Taipei, Taiwan: N.p., 2002. Web.

Avraamides, M., & Ritter, F. E. (2002). Using multidisciplinary expert evaluations to test and improve cognitive model interfaces. In Proceedings of the 11th Computer Generated Forces Conference (pp. 553–562). 02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.

@inproceedings{avraamides2002using,
title = {Using multidisciplinary expert evaluations to test and improve cognitive model interfaces},
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pages = {553--562}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| pages = 553–562| last1 = Avraamides| first1 = M.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Using multidisciplinary expert evaluations to test and improve cognitive model interfaces| booktitle = Proceedings of the 11th Computer Generated Forces Conference| date = 2002}}

Ritter, F. E., & Shiskowski, N. (2002). The ACT-R FAQ. acs.ist.psu.edu/act-r-faq.

@book{ritter2002act-r,
title = {The {ACT}-{R} {FAQ}},
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}

{{Cite book| publisher = acs.ist.psu.edu/act-r-faq| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Shiskowski| first2 = N.| title = The ACT-R FAQ| date = 2002}}

Ritter, F. E., Avraamides, M. N., Councill, I., Rooy, van, D., Q., S, K., … Rodrigues, I. M. (2002). Pre-task appraisal and caffeine: An architectural overlay for ACT-R. In Air Force Workshop on ACT-R Models of Human-System Interaction. AZ, January 2002Mesa, AZ, January 2002: Mesa.

@incollection{ritter2002pre-task,
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}

{{Cite book| publisher = Mesa| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Avraamides| first2 = M. N.| last3 = Councill| first3 = I.| last4 = Rooy| first4 = van| last5 = D.| first5 = Quigley| last6 = S| first6 = K.| last7 = Klein| first7 = L. C.| last8 = McNeese| first8 = M. D.| last9 = Stine| first9 = M. M.| last10 = Rodrigues| first10 = I. M.| title = Air Force Workshop on ACT-R Models of Human-System Interaction| chapter = Pre-task appraisal and caffeine: An architectural overlay for ACT-R| location = AZ, January 2002Mesa, AZ, January 2002| date = 2002}}

Reitter, D. (Ed.). (2002). Proceedings of the 12th Student Conference on Computational Linguistics (TaCoS). Potsdam, Germany: University of Potsdam.

TaCoS

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}

{{Cite book| publisher = University of Potsdam| others = David Reitter (ed.)| title = Proceedings of the 12th Student Conference on Computational Linguistics (TaCoS)| location = Potsdam, Germany| date = 2002}}

Reitter, David, ed. Proceedings of the 12th Student Conference on Computational Linguistics (TaCoS). Potsdam, Germany: University of Potsdam, 2002. Print.

Ritter, F. E., & Wood, A. B. (2002). Dismal: A spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation (Tech Report No. ACS 2002-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

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{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Wood| first2 = A. B.| title = Dismal: A spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation| location = University Park, PA| date = 2002}}

Ritter, F. E., Freed, A. R., & Haskett, O. L. (2002). Discovering user information needs: The case of university department websites (Tech Report No. ACS 2002-3). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{ritter2002discovering,
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type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {Discovering user information needs: {The} case of university department websites},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterFH02.pdf},
number = {ACS 2002-3},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Freed, A. R. and Haskett, O. L.},
year = {2002}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Freed| first2 = A. R.| last3 = Haskett| first3 = O. L.| title = Discovering user information needs: The case of university department websites| location = University Park, PA| date = 2002}}

Sherry, R. R., & Ritter, F. E. (2002). Dynamic task allocation: Issues for implementing adaptive intelligent automation (Tech Report No. ACS 2002-2). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{sherry2002dynamic,
address = {University Park, PA},
type = {Tech {Report}},
title = {Dynamic task allocation: {Issues} for implementing adaptive intelligent automation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/sherryR02.pdf},
number = {ACS 2002-2},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Sherry, R. R. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2002}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Sherry| first1 = R. R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Dynamic task allocation: Issues for implementing adaptive intelligent automation| location = University Park, PA| date = 2002}}

2001

Ritter, F. E. (2001). Review of the Third International Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Cognitive Systems Research, 1(4), 251–252.

Cognitive Systems Research

@article{ritter2001review,
title = {Review of the {Third} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}},
volume = {1},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/iccm3-review.html},
number = {4},
journal = {Cognitive Systems Research},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2001},
pages = {251--252}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 1| issue = 4| pages = 251–252| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Review of the Third International Conference on Cognitive Modelling| journal = Cognitive Systems Research| date = 2001}}

Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (2001). Embodied models as simulated users: Introduction to this special issue on using cognitive models to improve interface design. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 55, 1–14.

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

@article{ritter2001embodied,
title = {Embodied models as simulated users: {Introduction} to this special issue on using cognitive models to improve interface design},
volume = {55},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ijhcs-em-si},
journal = {International Journal of Human-Computer Studies},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.},
year = {2001},
pages = {1--14}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 55| pages = 1–14| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Young| first2 = R. M.| title = Embodied models as simulated users: Introduction to this special issue on using cognitive models to improve interface design| journal = International Journal of Human-Computer Studies| date = 2001}}

Cheyne, T., & Ritter, F. E. (2001). Targetting respondents on the Internet successfully and responsibly. Communications of the ACM, 44(4), 94–98.

Communications of the ACM

@article{cheyne2001targetting,
title = {Targetting respondents on the {Internet} successfully and responsibly},
volume = {44},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cheyneR01.pdf},
number = {4},
journal = {Communications of the ACM},
author = {Cheyne, T. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2001},
pages = {94--98}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 44| issue = 4| pages = 94–98| last1 = Cheyne| first1 = T.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Targetting respondents on the Internet successfully and responsibly| journal = Communications of the ACM| date = 2001}}

Ritter, F. E., & Avraamides, M. (2001). Testing the Situation Awareness Panel. In Proceedings of the 21th Soar Workshop (pp. 35–39).

@inproceedings{ritter2001testing,
title = {Testing the {Situation} {Awareness} {Panel}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21th {Soar} {Workshop}},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M.},
year = {2001},
pages = {35--39}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 35–39| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Avraamides| first2 = M.| title = Testing the Situation Awareness Panel| booktitle = Proceedings of the 21th Soar Workshop| date = 2001}}

Ritter, F. E., & Bibby, P. (2001). Modeling how and when learning happens in a simple fault-finding task. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2001 - Fourth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 187–192). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

@inproceedings{ritter2001modeling,
title = {Modeling how and when learning happens in a simple fault-finding task},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterB01.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2001 - {Fourth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bibby, P.},
year = {2001},
pages = {187--192}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| pages = 187–192| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Bibby| first2 = P.| title = Modeling how and when learning happens in a simple fault-finding task| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2001 - Fourth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| date = 2001}}

Ritter, F. E. (2001). Preliminary Example Applications of Cognitive Models to Telephone Design. Talk presented at the Navy Research Lab.

@book{ritter2001preliminary,
title = {Preliminary {Example} {Applications} of {Cognitive} {Models} to {Telephone} {Design}},
publisher = {Talk presented at the Navy Research Lab},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2001}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Talk presented at the Navy Research Lab| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Preliminary Example Applications of Cognitive Models to Telephone Design| date = 2001}}

Ritter, F. E., & Schooler, L. J. (2001). Learning Curve, The. In Editors-in-Chief: Neil J. Smelser & Paul B. Baltes (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (pp. 8602–8605). Oxford: Pergamon.

Most tasks get faster with practice. This holds across task size and task type. Learning curves plot time to complete a task as a function of practice. Such curves generally follow what is called a power law‚ thus‚ they are often said to conform to ‘the power law of practice.’ Cognitive psychology has shown that the power law of practice is ubiquitous‚ and cognitive modeling has explained both the general speedup and some of the variability in performance‚ which previously was taken to be completely noise. Research is ongoing to find out why it is ubiquitous and where it does not apply.

@incollection{ritter2001learning,
address = {Oxford},
title = {Learning {Curve}, {The}},
isbn = {978-0-08-043076-8},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B0080430767014807},
booktitle = {International {Encyclopedia} of the {Social} \& {Behavioral} {Sciences}},
publisher = {Pergamon},
author = {Ritter, F.E. and Schooler, L.J.},
editor = {{Editors-in-Chief: Neil J. Smelser} and {Paul B. Baltes}},
year = {2001},
pages = {8602--8605}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Pergamon| isbn = 978-0-08-043076-8| pages = 8602–8605| editors = Editors-in-Chief:  Neil J. Smelser, Paul B. Baltes (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F.E.| last2 = Schooler| first2 = L.J.| title = International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences| chapter = Learning Curve, The| location = Oxford| date = 2001}}

Norling, E., & Ritter, F. E. (2001). Embodying the JACK agent architecture. In M. Stumptner, D. Corbett, & M. Brooks (Eds.), AI 2001: Advances in Artificial Intelligence (pp. 368–377). Proceedings of the 14th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence.. Berlin: Springer.

@incollection{norling2001embodying,
address = {Proceedings of the 14th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence.. Berlin},
title = {Embodying the {JACK} agent architecture},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/norlingR01.pdf},
booktitle = {{AI} 2001: {Advances} in {Artificial} {Intelligence}},
publisher = {Springer},
author = {Norling, E. and Ritter, F. E.},
editor = {Stumptner, M. and Corbett, D. and Brooks, M.},
year = {2001},
pages = {368--377}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| pages = 368–377| editors = M. Stumptner, D. Corbett, M. Brooks (eds.)| last1 = Norling| first1 = E.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = AI 2001: Advances in Artificial Intelligence| chapter = Embodying the JACK agent architecture| location = Proceedings of the 14th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence.. Berlin| date = 2001}}

Ritter, F. E., Baxter, G. D., Jones, G., & Young, R. M. (2001). User interface evaluation: How cognitive models can help. In J. Carroll (Ed.), Human-computer interaction in the new millenium (pp. 125–147). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Also see Ritter, Baxter, Jones, and Young, 2000.

@incollection{ritter2001user,
address = {Reading, MA},
title = {User interface evaluation: {How} cognitive models can help},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBJY01.pdf},
booktitle = {Human-computer interaction in the new millenium},
publisher = {Addison-Wesley. Also see Ritter, Baxter, Jones, and Young, 2000},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. D. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.},
editor = {Carroll, J.},
year = {2001},
pages = {125--147}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Addison-Wesley. Also see Ritter, Baxter, Jones, and Young, 2000| pages = 125–147| editors = J. Carroll (ed.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Baxter| first2 = G. D.| last3 = Jones| first3 = G.| last4 = Young| first4 = R. M.| title = Human-computer interaction in the new millenium| chapter = User interface evaluation: How cognitive models can help| location = Reading, MA| date = 2001}}

Avraamides, M. N. (2001). A brief manual for running a JSAF Demo and examining the Situation Awareness Panel (unpublished ACS Tech. Note). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

available upon request

@techreport{avraamides2001brief,
type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}},
title = {A brief manual for running a {JSAF} {Demo} and examining the {Situation} {Awareness} {Panel}},
institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Avraamides, M. N.},
year = {2001},
note = {available upon request}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Avraamides| first = M. N.| title = A brief manual for running a JSAF Demo and examining the Situation Awareness Panel| date = 2001}}

Ritter, F. E., & Avraamides, M. (2001). Improving interfaces for CGFs through multidisciplinary evaluations: A new, broad approach (Tech Report No. ACS 2001-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{ritter2001improving,
address = {University Park, PA},
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institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M.},
year = {2001}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Avraamides| first2 = M.| title = Improving interfaces for CGFs through multidisciplinary evaluations: A new, broad approach| location = University Park, PA| date = 2001}}

2000

Jones, G., & Ritter, F. E. (2000). Over-estimating cognition time: The benefits of using a task simulation. In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series, 67–74.

In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series

@article{jones2000over-estimating,
title = {Over-estimating cognition time: {The} benefits of using a task simulation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/jonesR00.pdf},
journal = {In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series},
author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2000},
pages = {67--74}
}

{{Cite journal| pages = 67–74| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Over-estimating cognition time: The benefits of using a task simulation| journal = In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series| date = 2000}}

Ritter, F. E. (2000). Cognitive modeling. DARPA Human Robotics Interface Workshop, 29–30.

DARPA Human Robotics Interface Workshop

@article{ritter2000cognitive,
title = {Cognitive modeling},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09b.pdf},
journal = {DARPA Human Robotics Interface Workshop},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
month = nov,
year = {2000},
pages = {29--30}
}

{{Cite journal| pages = 29–30| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Cognitive modeling| journal = DARPA Human Robotics Interface Workshop| date = 2000-11}}

Ritter, F. E., & Bibby, P. A. (2000). Modeling how and when learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task. Talk Presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society.

Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society

@article{ritter2000modeling,
title = {Modeling how and when learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task},
journal = {Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bibby, P. A.},
month = feb,
year = {2000}
}

{{Cite journal| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Bibby| first2 = P. A.| title = Modeling how and when learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task| journal = Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society| date = 2000-02}}

Jones, G., Ritter, F. E., & Wood, D. J. (2000). Using a cognitive architecture to examine what develops. Psychological Science, 11(2), 93–100.

Psychological Science

@article{jones2000using,
title = {Using a cognitive architecture to examine what develops},
volume = {11},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/jonesRW00.pdf},
number = {2},
journal = {Psychological Science},
author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E. and Wood, D. J.},
year = {2000},
pages = {93--100}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 11| issue = 2| pages = 93–100| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Wood| first3 = D. J.| title = Using a cognitive architecture to examine what develops| journal = Psychological Science| date = 2000}}

Ritter, F. E., Baxter, G. D., Jones, G., & Young, R. M. (2000). Supporting cognitive models as users. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 7(2), 141–173.

ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction

@article{ritter2000supporting,
title = {Supporting cognitive models as users},
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author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. D. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.},
year = {2000},
pages = {141--173}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 7| issue = 2| pages = 141–173| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Baxter| first2 = G. D.| last3 = Jones| first3 = G.| last4 = Young| first4 = R. M.| title = Supporting cognitive models as users| journal = ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction| date = 2000}}

Ritter, F. E., Baxter, G. D., Jones, G., & Young, R. M. (2000). Summary of “Supporting cognitive models as users”. research alerts [sic] in interactions [sic]. VII., 16–17.

VII.

@article{ritter2000summary,
title = {Summary of '{Supporting} cognitive models as users'. research alerts [sic] in interactions [sic]},
journal = {VII.},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. D. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.},
year = {2000},
pages = {16--17}
}

{{Cite journal| pages = 16–17| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Baxter| first2 = G. D.| last3 = Jones| first3 = G.| last4 = Young| first4 = R. M.| title = Summary of 'Supporting cognitive models as users'. research alerts [sic] in interactions [sic]| journal = VII.| date = 2000}}

Ritter, F. E. (2000). Review of the Third International Cognitive Modelling Conference. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly.

AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly

@article{ritter2000review,
title = {Review of the {Third} {International} {Cognitive} {Modelling} {Conference}},
journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2000}
}

{{Cite journal| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Review of the Third International Cognitive Modelling Conference| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 2000}}

Ritter, F. E. (2000). The Soar FAQ and DERA Report. In Proceedings of the 20th Soar Workshop. 127127.

@inproceedings{ritter2000soar,
title = {The {Soar} {FAQ} and {DERA} {Report}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Soar} {Workshop}},
publisher = {127127},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2000}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 127127| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = The Soar FAQ and DERA Report| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Soar Workshop| date = 2000}}

Ritter, F. E. (2000). SOAR/Tcl-PM: Including a widely applicable eye and hand in Soar. In Proceedings of the 20th Soar Workshop.

@inproceedings{ritter2000soar/tcl-pm:,
title = {{SOAR}/{Tcl}-{PM}: {Including} a widely applicable eye and hand in {Soar}},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Soar} {Workshop}},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2000}
}

{{Cite conference| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = SOAR/Tcl-PM: Including a widely applicable eye and hand in Soar| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Soar Workshop| date = 2000}}

Ritter, F. E., & Lonsdale, P. (2000). Extending Tcl/Tk to provide a functional eye and hand for the Soar cognitive modelling architecture. In To have appeared in Proceedings of the Fifth Biennial Australasian Cognitive Science Conference.

@inproceedings{ritter2000extending,
title = {Extending {Tcl}/{Tk} to provide a functional eye and hand for the {Soar} cognitive modelling architecture},
booktitle = {To have appeared in {Proceedings} of the {Fifth} {Biennial} {Australasian} {Cognitive} {Science} {Conference}},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Lonsdale, P.},
year = {2000}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Lonsdale| first2 = P.| title = Extending Tcl/Tk to provide a functional eye and hand for the Soar cognitive modelling architecture| booktitle = To have appeared in Proceedings of the Fifth Biennial Australasian Cognitive Science Conference| date = 2000}}

Belavkin, R., & Ritter, F. E. (2000). Adding a theory of motivation to ACT-R, slides included in the Proceedings of the Seventh Annual ACT-R Workshop, p. 133-139. Carnegie-Mellon University: Department of Psychology.

@book{belavkin2000adding,
address = {Carnegie-Mellon University},
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publisher = {Department of Psychology},
author = {Belavkin, R. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2000}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Department of Psychology| last1 = Belavkin| first1 = R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Adding a theory of motivation to ACT-R, slides included in the Proceedings of the Seventh Annual ACT-R Workshop, p. 133-139| location = Carnegie-Mellon University| date = 2000}}

Ritter, F. E. (2000). An example HCI task, interfaces, model, and verification for Single subjects design. ACT-R Summer School presentation.

@book{ritter2000example,
title = {An example {HCI} task, interfaces, model, and verification for {Single} subjects design},
publisher = {ACT-R Summer School presentation},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2000}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = ACT-R Summer School presentation| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = An example HCI task, interfaces, model, and verification for Single subjects design| date = 2000}}

Ritter, F. E. (2000). A role for cognitive architectures: Guiding user interface design, contribution to the Applications of Cognitive Architectures panel, slides included in the Proceedings of the Seventh Annual ACT-R Workshop, p. 85-91. Carnegie-Mellon University: Department of Psychology.

@book{ritter2000role,
address = {Carnegie-Mellon University},
title = {A role for cognitive architectures: {Guiding} user interface design, contribution to the {Applications} of {Cognitive} {Architectures} panel, slides included in the {Proceedings} of the {Seventh} {Annual} {ACT}-{R} {Workshop}, p. 85-91},
publisher = {Department of Psychology},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {2000}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Department of Psychology| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = A role for cognitive architectures: Guiding user interface design, contribution to the Applications of Cognitive Architectures panel, slides included in the Proceedings of the Seventh Annual ACT-R Workshop, p. 85-91| location = Carnegie-Mellon University| date = 2000}}

Ritter, F. E., & Lonsdale, P. R. (2000). Extending Tcl/Tk to provide a functional eye and hand for the Soar cognitive architecture. Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society.

@book{ritter2000extending,
title = {Extending {Tcl}/{Tk} to provide a functional eye and hand for the {Soar} cognitive architecture},
publisher = {Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Lonsdale, P. R.},
year = {2000}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Lonsdale| first2 = P. R.| title = Extending Tcl/Tk to provide a functional eye and hand for the Soar cognitive architecture| date = 2000}}

Lonsdale, P. R., & Ritter, F. E. (2000). Soar/Tcl-PM: Extending the Soar architecture to include a widely applicable virtual eye and hand. In N. Taatgen & J. Aasman (Eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 202–209). Veenendaal (NL): Universal Press.

@incollection{lonsdale2000soar/tcl-pm:,
address = {Veenendaal (NL)},
title = {Soar/{Tcl}-{PM}: {Extending} the {Soar} architecture to include a widely applicable virtual eye and hand},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/lonsdaleR99.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}},
publisher = {Universal Press},
author = {Lonsdale, P. R. and Ritter, F. E.},
editor = {Taatgen, N. and Aasman, J.},
year = {2000},
pages = {202--209}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Universal Press| pages = 202–209| editors = N. Taatgen, J. Aasman (eds.)| last1 = Lonsdale| first1 = P. R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Modelling| chapter = Soar/Tcl-PM: Extending the Soar architecture to include a widely applicable virtual eye and hand| location = Veenendaal (NL)| date = 2000}}

Gobet, F., & Ritter, F. E. (2000). Individual Data Analysis and Unified Theories of Cognition: A methodological proposal. In N. Taatgen & J. Aasman (Eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 150–157). Veenendaal (NL): Universal Press.

@incollection{gobet2000individual,
address = {Veenendaal (NL)},
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author = {Gobet, F. and Ritter, F. E.},
editor = {Taatgen, N. and Aasman, J.},
year = {2000},
pages = {150--157}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Universal Press| pages = 150–157| editors = N. Taatgen, J. Aasman (eds.)| last1 = Gobet| first1 = F.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Modelling| chapter = Individual Data Analysis and Unified Theories of Cognition: A methodological proposal| location = Veenendaal (NL)| date = 2000}}

Ritter, F. E., & Avraamides, M. N. (2000). Steps towards including behavioural moderators in human performance models in synthetic environments (Tech Report No. ACS 2000-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.

@techreport{ritter2000steps,
address = {University Park, PA},
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institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State},
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year = {2000}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Avraamides| first2 = M. N.| title = Steps towards including behavioural moderators in human performance models in synthetic environments| location = University Park, PA| date = 2000}}

1999

Kuk, G., Arnold, M., & Ritter, F. E. (1999). Using event history analysis to model the impact of workload on an air traffic tactical controller’s operations. Ergonomics, 42(9), 1133–1148.

Ergonomics

@article{kuk1999using,
title = {Using event history analysis to model the impact of workload on an air traffic tactical controller's operations},
volume = {42},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kukAR99.pdf},
number = {9},
journal = {Ergonomics},
author = {Kuk, G. and Arnold, M. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1999},
pages = {1133--1148}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 42| issue = 9| pages = 1133–1148| last1 = Kuk| first1 = G.| last2 = Arnold| first2 = M.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Using event history analysis to model the impact of workload on an air traffic tactical controller's operations| journal = Ergonomics| date = 1999}}

Young, R. M., & Ritter, F. E. (1999). Report on the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 101, 10–11.

AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly

@article{young1999report,
title = {Report on the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}},
volume = {101},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/youngR99.pdf},
journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly},
author = {Young, R. M. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1999},
pages = {10--11}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 101| pages = 10–11| last1 = Young| first1 = R. M.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Report on the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1999}}

Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (1999). Report on the AISB’99 Workshop on “Issues in Teaching Cognitive Science to Undergraduates.” AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 102, 7–8. Retrieved from http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterY99b.pdf

AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly

@article{ritter1999report,
title = {Report on the {AISB}'99 {Workshop} on "{Issues} in {Teaching} {Cognitive} {Science} to {Undergraduates}"},
volume = {102},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterY99b.pdf},
journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.},
year = {1999},
pages = {7--8}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 102| pages = 7–8| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Young| first2 = R. M.| title = Report on the AISB'99 Workshop on "Issues in Teaching Cognitive Science to Undergraduates"| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1999}}

Belavkin, R. V., Ritter, F. E., & Elliman, D. G. (1999). Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit children’s behaviour better. In Proceedings of the 1999 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. 784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

@inproceedings{belavkin1999towards,
title = {Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit children's behaviour better},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/belavkinRE99.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1999 {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
publisher = {784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum},
author = {Belavkin, R. V. and Ritter, F. E. and Elliman, D. G.},
year = {1999}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| last1 = Belavkin| first1 = R. V.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Elliman| first3 = D. G.| title = Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit children's behaviour better| booktitle = Proceedings of the 1999 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 1999}}

Byrne, M., Chong, R., Freed, M., Ritter, F. E., & Gray, W. (1999). Symposium on Integrated models of perception, cognition, and action. In Proceedings of the 1999 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. 1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

@inproceedings{byrne1999symposium,
title = {Symposium on {Integrated} models of perception, cognition, and action},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/byrneCFRG99.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1999 {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
publisher = {1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum},
author = {Byrne, M. and Chong, R. and Freed, M. and Ritter, F. E. and Gray, W.},
year = {1999}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = 1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| last1 = Byrne| first1 = M.| last2 = Chong| first2 = R.| last3 = Freed| first3 = M.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| last5 = Gray| first5 = W.| title = Symposium on Integrated models of perception, cognition, and action| booktitle = Proceedings of the 1999 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 1999}}

Ritter, F. E., Belavkin, R. V., & Elliman, D. G. (1999). Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit behaviour better. Poster at the BCS’s "Workshop on Affective Computing: The role of emotion in Human Computer Interaction.".

@book{ritter1999towards,
address = {Poster at the BCS's "Workshop on Affective Computing},
title = {Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit behaviour better},
publisher = {The role of emotion in Human Computer Interaction."},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Belavkin, R. V. and Elliman, D. G.},
year = {1999}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = The role of emotion in Human Computer Interaction."| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Belavkin| first2 = R. V.| last3 = Elliman| first3 = D. G.| title = Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit behaviour better| location = Poster at the BCS's "Workshop on Affective Computing| date = 1999}}

Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (1999). Moving the Psychological Soar Tutorial to HTML: An example of using the Web to assist learning. In D. Peterson, R. J. Stevenson, & R. M. Young (Eds.), Proceedings of the AISB ’99 Workshop on Issues in Teaching Cognitive Science to Undergraduates (pp. 23–24). The Society of the study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour.

@incollection{ritter1999moving,
title = {Moving the {Psychological} {Soar} {Tutorial} to {HTML}: {An} example of using the {Web} to assist learning},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterY99.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {AISB} '99 {Workshop} on {Issues} in {Teaching} {Cognitive} {Science} to {Undergraduates}},
publisher = {The Society of the study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.},
editor = {Peterson, D. and Stevenson, R. J. and Young, R. M.},
year = {1999},
pages = {23--24}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = The Society of the study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour| pages = 23–24| editors = D. Peterson, R. J. Stevenson, R. M. Young (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Young| first2 = R. M.| title = Proceedings of the AISB '99 Workshop on Issues in Teaching Cognitive Science to Undergraduates| chapter = Moving the Psychological Soar Tutorial to HTML: An example of using the Web to assist learning| date = 1999}}

Nerb, J., Ritter, F. E., & Krems, J. (1999). Knowledge level learning and the power law: A Soar model of skill acquisition in scheduling. In K. Special (Ed.) (pp. 20–29).

@incollection{nerb1999knowledge,
title = {Knowledge level learning and the power law: {A} {Soar} model of skill acquisition in scheduling},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/nerbRK99.pdf},
author = {Nerb, J. and Ritter, F. E. and Krems, J.},
editor = {Special, Kognitionswissenschaft},
year = {1999},
pages = {20--29}
}

{{Cite book| pages = 20–29| editors = Kognitionswissenschaft Special (ed.)| last1 = Nerb| first1 = J.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Krems| first3 = J.| chapter = Knowledge level learning and the power law: A Soar model of skill acquisition in scheduling| date = 1999}}

Golightly, D., Hone, K. S., & Ritter, F. E. (1999). Speech interaction can support problem solving. In M. A. Sasse & C. Johnson (Eds.), Human-Computer Interaction – Interact ’99 (pp. 149–155). IOS Press.

@incollection{golightly1999speech,
title = {Speech interaction can support problem solving},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/golightlyHR99.pdf},
booktitle = {Human-{Computer} {Interaction} – {Interact} '99},
publisher = {IOS Press},
author = {Golightly, D. and Hone, K. S. and Ritter, F. E.},
editor = {Sasse, M. A. and Johnson, C.},
year = {1999},
pages = {149--155}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = IOS Press| pages = 149–155| editors = M. A. Sasse, C. Johnson (eds.)| last1 = Golightly| first1 = D.| last2 = Hone| first2 = K. S.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Human-Computer Interaction – Interact '99| chapter = Speech interaction can support problem solving| date = 1999}}

Baxter, G. D., & Ritter, F. E. (1999). Towards a classification of state misinterpretation. In D. Harris (Ed.), The 2nd International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (pp. 35–42). Oxford: Ashgate.

@incollection{baxter1999towards,
address = {Oxford},
title = {Towards a classification of state misinterpretation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterR99.pdf},
booktitle = {The 2nd {International} {Conference} on {Engineering} {Psychology} and {Cognitive} {Ergonomics}},
publisher = {Ashgate},
author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.},
editor = {Harris, D.},
year = {1999},
pages = {35--42}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Ashgate| pages = 35–42| editors = D. Harris (ed.)| last1 = Baxter| first1 = G. D.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = The 2nd International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics| chapter = Towards a classification of state misinterpretation| location = Oxford| date = 1999}}

Ritter, F. E., Shadbolt, N. R., Elliman, D., Young, R., Gobet, F., & Baxter, G. D. (1999). Techniques for modelling human performance in synthetic environments: A supplementary review. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Human Systems Information Analysis Center.

@techreport{ritter1999techniques,
title = {Techniques for modelling human performance in synthetic environments: {A} supplementary review},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterSEYGB01.pdf},
institution = {Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Human Systems Information Analysis Center},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Shadbolt, N. R. and Elliman, D. and Young, R. and Gobet, F. and Baxter, G. D.},
year = {1999}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Human Systems Information Analysis Center| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Shadbolt| first2 = N. R.| last3 = Elliman| first3 = D.| last4 = Young| first4 = R.| last5 = Gobet| first5 = F.| last6 = Baxter| first6 = G. D.| title = Techniques for modelling human performance in synthetic environments: A supplementary review| date = 1999}}

1998

Delaney, P. F., Reder, L. M., Staszewski, J. J., & Ritter, F. E. (1998). The strategy specific nature of improvement: The power law applies by strategy within task. Psychological Science, 9(1), 1–8.

Psychological Science

@article{delaney1998strategy,
title = {The strategy specific nature of improvement: {The} power law applies by strategy within task},
volume = {9},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/delaneyRSR98.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {Psychological Science},
author = {Delaney, P. F. and Reder, L. M. and Staszewski, J. J. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1998},
pages = {1--8}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 9| issue = 1| pages = 1–8| last1 = Delaney| first1 = P. F.| last2 = Reder| first2 = L. M.| last3 = Staszewski| first3 = J. J.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = The strategy specific nature of improvement: The power law applies by strategy within task| journal = Psychological Science| date = 1998}}

Ritter, F. E., & Wallach, D. P. (1998). Models of two-person games in ACT-R and Soar. In Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 202–203). Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press.

@inproceedings{ritter1998models,
title = {Models of two-person games in {ACT}-{R} and {Soar}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterW98.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}},
publisher = {Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wallach, D. P.},
year = {1998},
pages = {202--203}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press| pages = 202–203| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Wallach| first2 = D. P.| title = Models of two-person games in ACT-R and Soar| booktitle = Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling| date = 1998}}

Jones, G., & Ritter, F. E. (1998). Initial explorations of modifying architectures to simulate cognitive and perceptual development. In Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 44–51). Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood 2000. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood 2000.

@inproceedings{jones1998initial,
title = {Initial explorations of modifying architectures to simulate cognitive and perceptual development},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}},
publisher = {Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, \& Wood 2000. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, \& Wood 2000},
author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1998},
pages = {44--51}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood 2000. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood 2000| pages = 44–51| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Initial explorations of modifying architectures to simulate cognitive and perceptual development| booktitle = Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling| date = 1998}}

Jones, G., & Ritter, F. E. (1998). Simulating development by modifying architectures. In Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 543–548). Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum. Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum.

@inproceedings{jones1998simulating,
title = {Simulating development by modifying architectures},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/jonesR98.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
publisher = {Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum. Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum},
author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1998},
pages = {543--548}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum. Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum| pages = 543–548| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Simulating development by modifying architectures| booktitle = Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 1998}}

Ritter, F. E. (1998). The nature of improvement: The power law, feeling of knowing, and strategies (Vol. 2).

@book{ritter1998nature,
title = {The nature of improvement: {The} power law, feeling of knowing, and strategies},
volume = {2},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
month = dec,
year = {1998}
}

{{Cite book| volume = 2| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = The nature of improvement: The power law, feeling of knowing, and strategies| date = 1998-12}}

Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (Eds.). (1998). Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Thrumpton (UK): Nottingham University Press.

@book{ritter1998proceedings,
address = {Thrumpton (UK)},
title = {Proceedings of the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/eccm98/},
publisher = {Nottingham University Press},
editor = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.},
year = {1998}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Nottingham University Press| others = F. E. Ritter, R. M. Young (eds.)| title = Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling| location = Thrumpton (UK)| date = 1998}}

Ritter, F. E., Jones, R. M., & Baxter, G. D. (1998). Reusable models and graphical interfaces: Realising the potential of a unified theory of cognition. In U. Schmid, J. Krems, & F. Wysotzki (Eds.), Mind modeling - A cognitive science approach to reasoning, learning and discovery (pp. 83–109). Lengerich (Germany): Pabst Scientific Publishing.

@incollection{ritter1998reusable,
address = {Lengerich (Germany)},
title = {Reusable models and graphical interfaces: {Realising} the potential of a unified theory of cognition},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterJB98.pdf},
booktitle = {Mind modeling - {A} cognitive science approach to reasoning, learning and discovery},
publisher = {Pabst Scientific Publishing},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Jones, R. M. and Baxter, G. D.},
editor = {Schmid, U. and Krems, J. and Wysotzki, F.},
year = {1998},
pages = {83--109}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Pabst Scientific Publishing| pages = 83–109| editors = U. Schmid, J. Krems, F. Wysotzki (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Jones| first2 = R. M.| last3 = Baxter| first3 = G. D.| title = Mind modeling - A cognitive science approach to reasoning, learning and discovery| chapter = Reusable models and graphical interfaces: Realising the potential of a unified theory of cognition| location = Lengerich (Germany)| date = 1998}}

1997

Ritter, F. E., Jones, G., & Young, R. M. (1997). Report on Tutorial: Introduction to the Soar cognitive architecture. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 98(50).

AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly

@article{ritter1997report,
title = {Report on {Tutorial}: {Introduction} to the {Soar} cognitive architecture},
volume = {98},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterJY97.pdf},
number = {50},
journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.},
year = {1997}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 98| issue = 50| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Jones| first2 = G.| last3 = Young| first3 = R. M.| title = Report on Tutorial: Introduction to the Soar cognitive architecture| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1997}}

Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (1997). Invited lectures and practicals on Soar, German Autumn School in Cognitive Science, 18-22 September.

@article{ritter1997invited,
title = {Invited lectures and practicals on {Soar}, {German} {Autumn} {School} in {Cognitive} {Science}, 18-22 {September}},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.},
year = {1997}
}

{{Cite journal| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Young| first2 = R. M.| title = Invited lectures and practicals on Soar, German Autumn School in Cognitive Science, 18-22 September| date = 1997}}

Ritter, F. (1997). WWW presentation of overheads & exercises. CTI Psychology Software News, 7(2).

CTI Psychology Software News

@article{ritter1997www,
title = {{WWW} presentation of overheads \& exercises},
volume = {7},
number = {2},
journal = {CTI Psychology Software News},
author = {Ritter, F.},
year = {1997}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 7| issue = 2| last = Ritter| first = F.| title = WWW presentation of overheads & exercises| journal = CTI Psychology Software News| date = 1997}}

Jones, G., & Ritter, F. E. (1997). Modelling transitions in childrens’ development by starting with adults. In European Conference on Cognitive Science (pp. 62–67). UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood, 2000. Manchester, UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood, 2000: Manchester.

@inproceedings{jones1997modelling,
address = {UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, \& Wood, 2000. Manchester, UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, \& Wood, 2000},
title = {Modelling transitions in childrens' development by starting with adults},
booktitle = {European {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Science}},
publisher = {Manchester},
author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1997},
pages = {62--67}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Manchester| pages = 62–67| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Modelling transitions in childrens' development by starting with adults| booktitle = European Conference on Cognitive Science| location = UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood, 2000. Manchester, UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood, 2000| date = 1997}}

Baxter, G. D., & Ritter, F. E. (1997). Model-computer interaction: Implementing the action-perception loop for cognitive models. In D. Harris (Ed.), The 1st International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (pp. 215–223). vol. 2. October 1996, Stratford-upon-Avon: Ashgate. Superceeded by Ritter, Baxter, Jones, & Young, 2000.

@incollection{baxter1997model-computer,
address = {vol. 2. October 1996, Stratford-upon-Avon},
title = {Model-computer interaction: {Implementing} the action-perception loop for cognitive models},
booktitle = {The 1st {International} {Conference} on {Engineering} {Psychology} and {Cognitive} {Ergonomics}},
publisher = {Ashgate. Superceeded by Ritter, Baxter, Jones, \& Young, 2000},
author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.},
editor = {Harris, D.},
year = {1997},
pages = {215--223}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Ashgate. Superceeded by Ritter, Baxter, Jones, & Young, 2000| pages = 215–223| editors = D. Harris (ed.)| last1 = Baxter| first1 = G. D.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = The 1st International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics| chapter = Model-computer interaction: Implementing the action-perception loop for cognitive models| location = vol. 2. October 1996, Stratford-upon-Avon| date = 1997}}

Ritter, F. E., & Bibby, P. A. (1997). Modelling learning as it happens in a diagramatic reasoning task (No. 45). Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham.

@techreport{ritter1997modelling,
title = {Modelling learning as it happens in a diagramatic reasoning task},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterB97.pdf},
number = {45},
institution = {Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bibby, P. A.},
year = {1997}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Bibby| first2 = P. A.| title = Modelling learning as it happens in a diagramatic reasoning task| date = 1997}}

1996

Ritter, F. E., Jones, G., & Young, R. M. (1996). Report on Tutorial 1: Introduction to the Soar cognitive architecture. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 95(18).

AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly

@article{ritter1996report,
title = {Report on {Tutorial} 1: {Introduction} to the {Soar} cognitive architecture},
volume = {95},
number = {18},
journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.},
year = {1996}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 95| issue = 18| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Jones| first2 = G.| last3 = Young| first3 = R. M.| title = Report on Tutorial 1: Introduction to the Soar cognitive architecture| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1996}}

Ritter, F. E., & Baxter, G. D. (1996). Programming by Tenet Systems. The Nottingham Interaction Architecture as Realised in SLGMS.

The Nottingham Interaction Architecture as Realised in SLGMS

@article{ritter1996programming,
title = {Programming by {Tenet} {Systems}},
journal = {The Nottingham Interaction Architecture as Realised in SLGMS},
author = {Ritter, Frank E. and Baxter, Gordon D.},
year = {1996}
}

{{Cite journal| last1 = Ritter| first1 = Frank E.| last2 = Baxter| first2 = Gordon D.| title = Programming by Tenet Systems| journal = The Nottingham Interaction Architecture as Realised in SLGMS| date = 1996}}

Ritter, F. E., & Baxter, G. D. (1996). Able, III: Learning in a more visibly principled way. In U. Schmid, J. Krems, & F. Wysotzki (Eds.), Proceedings of the First European Workshop on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 22–30). Berlin: Forschungsberichte des Fachbereichs Informatik, Technische Universität Berlin. Code vailable on the web in acs.ist.psu.edu/misc/nottingham/ccc/pub- soar/able/ Paper partially superceeded by Ritter, Jones, & Baxter 1998, but some low level details are elided.

@incollection{ritter1996able,
address = {Berlin},
title = {Able, {III}: {Learning} in a more visibly principled way},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterB96.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {First} {European} {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}},
publisher = {Forschungsberichte des Fachbereichs Informatik, Technische Universität Berlin. Code vailable on the web in acs.ist.psu.edu/misc/nottingham/ccc/pub- soar/able/ Paper partially superceeded by Ritter, Jones, \& Baxter 1998, but some low level details are elided},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. D.},
editor = {Schmid, U. and Krems, J. and Wysotzki, F.},
year = {1996},
pages = {22--30}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Forschungsberichte des Fachbereichs Informatik, Technische Universität Berlin. Code vailable on the web in acs.ist.psu.edu/misc/nottingham/ccc/pub- soar/able/ Paper partially superceeded by Ritter, Jones, & Baxter 1998, but some low level details are elided| pages = 22–30| editors = U. Schmid, J. Krems, F. Wysotzki (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Baxter| first2 = G. D.| title = Proceedings of the First European Workshop on Cognitive Modeling| chapter = Able, III: Learning in a more visibly principled way| location = Berlin| date = 1996}}

Baxter, G. D., & Ritter, F. E. (1996). Designing abstract visual perceptual and motor action capabilities for use by cognitive models (No. 36). Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham.

@techreport{baxter1996designing,
title = {Designing abstract visual perceptual and motor action capabilities for use by cognitive models},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterR96.pdf},
number = {36},
institution = {Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham},
author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1996}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham| last1 = Baxter| first1 = G. D.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Designing abstract visual perceptual and motor action capabilities for use by cognitive models| date = 1996}}

1995

Bass, E. J., Baxter, G. D., & Ritter, F. E. (1995). Creating models to control simulations: A generic approach. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 93, 18–25.

AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly

@article{bass1995creating,
title = {Creating models to control simulations: {A} generic approach},
volume = {93},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/bassbr95.pdf},
journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly},
author = {Bass, E. J and Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1995},
pages = {18--25}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 93| pages = 18–25| last1 = Bass| first1 = E. J| last2 = Baxter| first2 = G. D.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Creating models to control simulations: A generic approach| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1995}}

Ritter, F. E., & Major, N. P. (1995). Useful mechanisms for developing simulations for cognitive models. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 7–18.

AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly

@article{ritter1995useful,
title = {Useful mechanisms for developing simulations for cognitive models},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterM95.pdf},
journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Major, N. P.},
year = {1995},
pages = {7--18}
}

{{Cite journal| pages = 7–18| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Major| first2 = N. P.| title = Useful mechanisms for developing simulations for cognitive models| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1995}}

Arnold, M., Kuk, G., & Ritter, F. E. (1995). MacSHAPA review. CTI Psychology Software News, 6(1), 18–20.

CTI Psychology Software News

@article{arnold1995macshapa,
title = {{MacSHAPA} review},
volume = {6},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/arnoldKR95.pdf},
number = {1},
journal = {CTI Psychology Software News},
author = {Arnold, M. and Kuk, G. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1995},
pages = {18--20}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 6| issue = 1| pages = 18–20| last1 = Arnold| first1 = M.| last2 = Kuk| first2 = G.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = MacSHAPA review| journal = CTI Psychology Software News| date = 1995}}

Nichols, S., & Ritter, F. E. (1995). Theoretically motivated tool for automatically generating command aliases. In Proceedings of CHI ’95 (pp. 393–400).

@inproceedings{nichols1995theoretically,
title = {Theoretically motivated tool for automatically generating command aliases},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/nicholsR95.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of {CHI} '95},
author = {Nichols, S. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1995},
pages = {393--400}
}

{{Cite conference| pages = 393–400| last1 = Nichols| first1 = S.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Theoretically motivated tool for automatically generating command aliases| booktitle = Proceedings of CHI '95| date = 1995}}

Baxter, G. D., & Ritter, F. E. (1995–2001). The Soar FAQ, acs.ist.psu.edu/soar-faq. Updated quarterly and stored at the U. of Nottingham Mirror Soar site mirror of US sites. Awarded a “Key Resource Award” viewable at.

@book{baxter1995soar,
title = {The {Soar} {FAQ}, acs.ist.psu.edu/soar-faq},
url = {http://www.links2go.com/award/Soar},
publisher = {Updated quarterly and stored at the U. of Nottingham Mirror Soar site mirror of US sites. Awarded a "Key Resource Award" viewable at},
author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1995}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Updated quarterly and stored at the U. of Nottingham Mirror Soar site mirror of US sites. Awarded a "Key Resource Award" viewable at| last1 = Baxter| first1 = G. D.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = The Soar FAQ, acs.ist.psu.edu/soar-faq| date = 1995}}

Ritter, F. E. (1995). Soar: A cognitive architecture in perspective, Michon, J (pp. 297–301). 8(3: Philosophical Psychology.

@incollection{ritter1995soar:,
address = {8(3},
title = {Soar: {A} cognitive architecture in perspective, {Michon}, {J}},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter95.pdf},
publisher = {Philosophical Psychology},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1995},
pages = {297--301}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Philosophical Psychology| pages = 297–301| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| chapter = Soar: A cognitive architecture in perspective, Michon, J| location = 8(3| date = 1995}}

Ong, R., & Ritter, F. E. (1995). Mechanisms for routinely tying cognitive models to interactive simulations. In H. I. ’95 (Ed.), Osaka, Japan: July 1995. superceeded by Ritter Baxter, Jones, & Young, 2000.

@incollection{ong1995mechanisms,
title = {Mechanisms for routinely tying cognitive models to interactive simulations},
booktitle = {Osaka, {Japan}: {July} 1995},
publisher = {superceeded by Ritter Baxter, Jones, \& Young, 2000},
author = {Ong, R. and Ritter, F. E.},
editor = {'95, Hci International},
year = {1995}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = superceeded by Ritter Baxter, Jones, & Young, 2000| editors = Hci International '95 (ed.)| last1 = Ong| first1 = R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Osaka, Japan: July 1995| chapter = Mechanisms for routinely tying cognitive models to interactive simulations| date = 1995}}

1994

Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (1994). Practical introduction to the Soar cognitive architecture: Tutorial report. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 88(62).

AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly

@article{ritter1994practical,
title = {Practical introduction to the {Soar} cognitive architecture: {Tutorial} report},
volume = {88},
number = {62},
journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.},
year = {1994}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 88| issue = 62| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Young| first2 = R. M.| title = Practical introduction to the Soar cognitive architecture: Tutorial report| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1994}}

Ritter, F. E., & Larkin, J. H. (1994). Developing process models as summaries of HCI action sequences. Human Computer Interaction’s Special Issue on Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis, 9(3), 345–383.

Human Computer Interaction's special issue on Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis

@article{ritter1994developing,
title = {Developing process models as summaries of {HCI} action sequences},
volume = {9},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterL94.pdf},
number = {3},
journal = {Human Computer Interaction's special issue on Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Larkin, J. H.},
year = {1994},
pages = {345--383}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 9| issue = 3| pages = 345–383| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Larkin| first2 = J. H.| title = Developing process models as summaries of HCI action sequences| journal = Human Computer Interaction's special issue on Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis| date = 1994}}

Ritter, F. E., & Ong, R. (Sept. (1994). The simple-menu package. Release, 1(2).

Release

@article{ritter1994simple-menu,
title = {The simple-menu package},
volume = {1},
number = {2},
journal = {Release},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Ong, R. (Sept},
year = {1994}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 1| issue = 2| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Ong| first2 = R. (Sept| title = The simple-menu package| journal = Release| date = 1994}}

Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (1994). Psychological Soar Tutorial. Computer programs and overheads. Last revision 3/98. Developed with Gary Jones. Currently available at acs.ist.psu.edu/nottingham/pst/pst-ftp.html.

@book{ritter1994psychological,
title = {Psychological {Soar} {Tutorial}. {Computer} programs and overheads.},
publisher = {Last revision 3/98. Developed with Gary Jones. Currently available at acs.ist.psu.edu/nottingham/pst/pst-ftp.html},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.},
year = {1994}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Last revision 3/98. Developed with Gary Jones. Currently available at acs.ist.psu.edu/nottingham/pst/pst-ftp.html| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Young| first2 = R. M.| title = Psychological Soar Tutorial. Computer programs and overheads.| date = 1994}}

Lehman, J., Newell, P., Altmann, E., Ritter, F., & McGinnis, T. (1994). The Soar introduction video (11 min.). School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University: The Soar Group.

@book{lehman1994soar,
address = {School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University},
title = {The {Soar} introduction video (11 min.)},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/soar-mov.mpg},
publisher = {The Soar Group},
author = {Lehman, J. and Newell, P. and Altmann, E. and Ritter, F. and McGinnis, T.},
year = {1994}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = The Soar Group| last1 = Lehman| first1 = J.| last2 = Newell| first2 = P.| last3 = Altmann| first3 = E.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F.| last5 = McGinnis| first5 = T.| title = The Soar introduction video (11 min.)| location = School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University| date = 1994}}

Ritter, F. E., Lochun, S., Bibby, P. A., & Marshall, S. (1994). Dismal: A free spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation. In A. Trapp & N. Hammond (Eds.), Computers in Psychology ’94 (pp. 62–63). York (UK): CTI Centre for Psychology, U. of York. Reprinted in Psychology Software News, 5(2) (November 1994), Computers in Teaching Initiative Centre for Psychology, U. of York. pp. 57-58. Superceeded by Ritter & Wood, 2002.

@incollection{ritter1994dismal:,
address = {York (UK)},
title = {Dismal: {A} free spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and {HCI} experimentation},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterLBM94.pdf},
booktitle = {Computers in {Psychology} '94},
publisher = {CTI Centre for Psychology, U. of York. Reprinted in Psychology Software News, 5(2) (November 1994), Computers in Teaching Initiative Centre for Psychology, U. of York. pp. 57-58. Superceeded by Ritter \& Wood, 2002},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Lochun, S. and Bibby, P. A. and Marshall, S.},
editor = {Trapp, A. and Hammond, N.},
year = {1994},
pages = {62--63}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = CTI Centre for Psychology, U. of York. Reprinted in Psychology Software News, 5(2) (November 1994), Computers in Teaching Initiative Centre for Psychology, U. of York. pp. 57-58. Superceeded by Ritter & Wood, 2002| pages = 62–63| editors = A. Trapp, N. Hammond (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Lochun| first2 = S.| last3 = Bibby| first3 = P. A.| last4 = Marshall| first4 = S.| title = Computers in Psychology '94| chapter = Dismal: A free spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation| location = York (UK)| date = 1994}}

1993

Ritter, F. E. (1993). Creating a prototype environment for testing process models with protocol data. In Paper included in the Proceedings of the InterChi Research symposium. Amsterdam: ACM CHI.

@inproceedings{ritter1993creating,
address = {Amsterdam},
title = {Creating a prototype environment for testing process models with protocol data},
booktitle = {Paper included in the {Proceedings} of the {InterChi} {Research} symposium},
publisher = {ACM CHI},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1993}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = ACM CHI| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Creating a prototype environment for testing process models with protocol data| booktitle = Paper included in the Proceedings of the InterChi Research symposium| location = Amsterdam| date = 1993}}

Ritter, F. E. (1993). Using a cognitive architecture to add to protocol theory. In Abstract included in the Proceedings of the III European Congress of Psychology. Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993Tampare, Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993: Tampare.

@inproceedings{ritter1993using,
address = {Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993Tampare, Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993},
title = {Using a cognitive architecture to add to protocol theory},
booktitle = {Abstract included in the {Proceedings} of the {III} {European} {Congress} of {Psychology}},
publisher = {Tampare},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1993}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Tampare| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Using a cognitive architecture to add to protocol theory| booktitle = Abstract included in the Proceedings of the III European Congress of Psychology| location = Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993Tampare, Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993| date = 1993}}

Nerb, J., Krems, J., & Ritter, F. E. (1993). Rule learning and the power law: A computational model and empirical results. In Using a computer model to examine learning and the power law (pp. 765–770). In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEAIn Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEA.

@inproceedings{nerb1993rule,
title = {Rule learning and the power law: {A} computational model and empirical results},
booktitle = {Using a computer model to examine learning and the power law},
publisher = {In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEAIn Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEA},
author = {Nerb, J. and Krems, J. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1993},
pages = {765--770}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEAIn Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEA| pages = 765–770| last1 = Nerb| first1 = J.| last2 = Krems| first2 = J.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Rule learning and the power law: A computational model and empirical results| booktitle = Using a computer model to examine learning and the power law| date = 1993}}

Ritter, F. E. (Ed.). (1993). Proceedings of the EuroSoar 7 Workshop. November 1993: U. of Nottingham.

@book{ritter1993proceedings,
address = {November 1993},
title = {Proceedings of the {EuroSoar} 7 {Workshop}},
publisher = {U. of Nottingham},
editor = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1993}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = U. of Nottingham| others = F. E. Ritter (ed.)| title = Proceedings of the EuroSoar 7 Workshop| location = November 1993| date = 1993}}

1992

Reder, L. M., & Ritter, F. E. (1992). What determines initial feeling of knowing? Familiarity with Question Terms, Not the Answer, 18(3), 435–451.

Familiarity with question terms, not the answer

@article{reder1992what,
title = {What determines initial feeling of knowing?},
volume = {18},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/rederR92.pdf},
number = {3},
journal = {Familiarity with question terms, not the answer},
author = {Reder, L. M. and Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1992},
pages = {435--451}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 18| issue = 3| pages = 435–451| last1 = Reder| first1 = L. M.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = What determines initial feeling of knowing?| journal = Familiarity with question terms, not the answer| date = 1992}}

Ritter, F. E. (1992). TBPA: A methodology and software environment for testing process models’ sequential predictions with protocols. Doctoral Dissertation, Carnegie-Mellon University, 93–101.

Doctoral dissertation, Carnegie-Mellon University

@article{ritter1992tbpa:,
title = {{TBPA}: {A} methodology and software environment for testing process models' sequential predictions with protocols},
journal = {Doctoral dissertation, Carnegie-Mellon University},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1992},
pages = {93--101}
}

{{Cite journal| pages = 93–101| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = TBPA: A methodology and software environment for testing process models' sequential predictions with protocols| journal = Doctoral dissertation, Carnegie-Mellon University| date = 1992}}

Ritter, F. E. (1992). Multiple forms-mode. Available from The Ohio State University Elisp Archives on Archive, 1(4).

Available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive

@article{ritter1992multiple,
title = {Multiple forms-mode},
volume = {1},
number = {4},
journal = {Available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1992}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 1| issue = 4| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Multiple forms-mode| journal = Available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive| date = 1992}}

Ritter, F. E., & McGinnis, T. F. (1992). Manual for SX: A graphical display and interface for Soar in X windows. School of Computer science, Carnegie-Mellon University: The Soar Project.

@book{ritter1992manual,
address = {School of Computer science, Carnegie-Mellon University},
title = {Manual for {SX}: {A} graphical display and interface for {Soar} in {X} windows},
publisher = {The Soar Project},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and McGinnis, T. F.},
year = {1992}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = The Soar Project| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = McGinnis| first2 = T. F.| title = Manual for SX: A graphical display and interface for Soar in X windows| location = School of Computer science, Carnegie-Mellon University| date = 1992}}

Ritter, F. E., Hucka, M., & McGinnis, T. F. (1992). Soar-mode Manual. (No. CMU-CS-92-205).

@techreport{ritter1992soar-mode,
title = {Soar-mode {Manual}.},
number = {CMU-CS-92-205},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Hucka, M. and McGinnis, T. F.},
year = {1992}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Hucka| first2 = M.| last3 = McGinnis| first3 = T. F.| title = Soar-mode Manual.| date = 1992}}

Ritter, F. E. (1992). Unified Theories of Cognition: One and one-quarter years later (No. CMU-CS-92-007).

@techreport{ritter1992unified,
title = {Unified {Theories} of {Cognition}: {One} and one-quarter years later},
number = {CMU-CS-92-007},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1992}
}

{{Cite conference| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Unified Theories of Cognition: One and one-quarter years later| date = 1992}}

1991

Ritter, F. E. (April. (1991). The Developmental Soar Interface. Video.

Video

@article{ritter1991developmental,
title = {The {Developmental} {Soar} {Interface}},
journal = {Video},
author = {Ritter, F. E. (April},
year = {1991}
}

{{Cite journal| last = Ritter| first = F. E. (April| title = The Developmental Soar Interface| journal = Video| date = 1991}}

Ritter, F. E. (1991). How the Soar interface uses Garnet. Video.

Video

@article{ritter1991how,
title = {How the {Soar} interface uses {Garnet}},
journal = {Video},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1991}
}

{{Cite journal| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = How the Soar interface uses Garnet| journal = Video| date = 1991}}

Ritter, F. E. (1991). Towards fair comparisons of connectionist algorithms through automatically generated parameter sets. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Hillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science SocietyHillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science Society.

@inproceedings{ritter1991towards,
title = {Towards fair comparisons of connectionist algorithms through automatically generated parameter sets},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter91.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Thirteenth} {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}},
publisher = {Hillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science SocietyHillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science Society},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1991}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Hillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science SocietyHillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science Society| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Towards fair comparisons of connectionist algorithms through automatically generated parameter sets| booktitle = Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 1991}}

Ritter, F. E. (1991). TAQL-mode Manual. School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University: The Soar Project.

@book{ritter1991taql-mode,
address = {School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University},
title = {{TAQL}-mode {Manual}},
publisher = {The Soar Project},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1991}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = The Soar Project| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = TAQL-mode Manual| location = School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University| date = 1991}}

Ritter, F. E. (May. (1991). Revised with Roberto Ong in 1994. The simple-menu package. No longer available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive.cis.ohio-state.edu as file pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/interfaces/simple-menu.el.Z.

@book{ritter1991revised,
title = {Revised with {Roberto} {Ong} in 1994},
publisher = {The simple-menu package. No longer available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive.cis.ohio-state.edu as file pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/interfaces/simple-menu.el.Z},
author = {Ritter, F. E. (May},
year = {1991}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = The simple-menu package. No longer available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive.cis.ohio-state.edu as file pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/interfaces/simple-menu.el.Z| last = Ritter| first = F. E. (May| title = Revised with Roberto Ong in 1994| date = 1991}}

1990

Bates, D., Kademan, E., & Ritter, F. E. (Fall. (1990). last revised with my help Fall 1991). Statlib is statlib@lib.stat.cmu.edu). Now part of the ESS package: S-mode for GNU Emacs. Available from the Statlib software archive (S is a statistics package.

@book{bates1990last,
address = {Statlib is statlib@lib.stat.cmu.edu). Now part of the ESS package},
title = {last revised with my help {Fall} 1991)},
publisher = {S-mode for GNU Emacs. Available from the Statlib software archive (S is a statistics package},
author = {Bates, D. and Kademan, E. and Ritter, F. E. (Fall},
year = {1990}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = S-mode for GNU Emacs. Available from the Statlib software archive (S is a statistics package| last1 = Bates| first1 = D.| last2 = Kademan| first2 = E.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E. (Fall| title = last revised with my help Fall 1991)| location = Statlib is statlib@lib.stat.cmu.edu). Now part of the ESS package| date = 1990}}

Ritter, F. E. (September. (1990). Batmail – Reading mail in an editor. and “Some notes on learning more about GNU-Emacs”. Manuals and talks presented at the CMU Psychology Department Immigration Course: Notes on software available and used in the CMU Psychology department.

@book{ritter1990batmail,
address = {and "Some notes on learning more about GNU-Emacs". Manuals and talks presented at the CMU Psychology Department Immigration Course},
title = {Batmail – {Reading} mail in an editor},
publisher = {"Notes on software available and used in the CMU Psychology department"},
author = {Ritter, F. E. (September},
year = {1990}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = "Notes on software available and used in the CMU Psychology department"| last = Ritter| first = F. E. (September| title = Batmail – Reading mail in an editor| location = and "Some notes on learning more about GNU-Emacs". Manuals and talks presented at the CMU Psychology Department Immigration Course| date = 1990}}

1988

Feurzeig, W., & Ritter, F. (1988). Understanding reflective problem solving. In J. Psotka, L. D. Massey, & S. A. Mutter (Eds.), Intelligent tutoring systems: Lessons learned. NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: Hillsdale.

@incollection{feurzeig1988understanding,
address = {NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates},
title = {Understanding reflective problem solving},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/feurzeigR88.pdf},
booktitle = {Intelligent tutoring systems: {Lessons} learned},
publisher = {Hillsdale},
author = {Feurzeig, W. and Ritter, F.},
editor = {Psotka, J. and Massey, L. D. and Mutter, S. A.},
year = {1988}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Hillsdale| editors = J. Psotka, L. D. Massey, S. A. Mutter (eds.)| last1 = Feurzeig| first1 = W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F.| title = Intelligent tutoring systems: Lessons learned| chapter = Understanding reflective problem solving| location = NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates| date = 1988}}

Ritter, F., & Feurzeig, W. (1988). Teaching real-time tactical thinking. In J. Psotka, L. D. Massey, & S. A. Mutter (Eds.), Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Lessons Learned. NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: Hillsdale.

@incollection{ritter1988teaching,
address = {NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates},
title = {Teaching real-time tactical thinking},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterF88.pdf},
booktitle = {Intelligent {Tutoring} {Systems}: {Lessons} {Learned}},
publisher = {Hillsdale},
author = {Ritter, F. and Feurzeig, W.},
editor = {Psotka, J. and Massey, L. D. and Mutter, S. A.},
year = {1988}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Hillsdale| editors = J. Psotka, L. D. Massey, S. A. Mutter (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F.| last2 = Feurzeig| first2 = W.| title = Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Lessons Learned| chapter = Teaching real-time tactical thinking| location = NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates| date = 1988}}

1987

Davis, L. W., & Ritter, F. (1987). Schedule optimization with probabilistic search. In Proceedings of the Third Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications (pp. 231–236). IEEE Computer SocietyIEEE Computer Society.

@inproceedings{davis1987schedule,
title = {Schedule optimization with probabilistic search},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/davisR87.pdf},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Third} {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence} {Applications}},
publisher = {IEEE Computer SocietyIEEE Computer Society},
author = {Davis, L. W. and Ritter, F.},
year = {1987},
pages = {231--236}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = IEEE Computer SocietyIEEE Computer Society| pages = 231–236| last1 = Davis| first1 = L. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F.| title = Schedule optimization with probabilistic search| booktitle = Proceedings of the Third Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications| date = 1987}}

Ritter, F. E. (1987). Symbolics product review. In Technology and Learning. Invited product review mispublished as a letter to the.

@incollection{ritter1987symbolics,
title = {Symbolics product review},
booktitle = {Technology and {Learning}},
publisher = {Invited product review mispublished as a letter to the},
author = {Ritter, F. E.},
year = {1987}
}

{{Cite book| publisher = Invited product review mispublished as a letter to the| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Technology and Learning| chapter = Symbolics product review| date = 1987}}

Panagos, J., Feurzeig, W., & Ritter, F. (1987). TRIO System Documentation (No. 6547).

Published: BBN Laboratories

@techreport{panagos1987trio,
title = {{TRIO} {System} {Documentation}},
number = {6547},
author = {Panagos, J. and Feurzeig, W. and Ritter, F.},
year = {1987},
note = {Published: BBN Laboratories}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Panagos| first1 = J.| last2 = Feurzeig| first2 = W.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F.| title = TRIO System Documentation| date = 1987}}

Ritter, F. (1987). OREO: Orienting electrical circuits for qualitative reasoning (No. 6560). BBN Technologies.

@techreport{ritter1987oreo:,
title = {{OREO}: {Orienting} electrical circuits for qualitative reasoning},
number = {6560},
institution = {BBN Technologies},
author = {Ritter, F.},
year = {1987}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = BBN Technologies| last = Ritter| first = F.| title = OREO: Orienting electrical circuits for qualitative reasoning| date = 1987}}

Ritter, F., & Panagos, J. (1987). TRIO User’s Handbook (No. 6206).

Published: BBN Laboratories

@techreport{ritter1987trio,
title = {{TRIO} {User}'s {Handbook}},
number = {6206},
author = {Ritter, F. and Panagos, J.},
year = {1987},
note = {Published: BBN Laboratories}
}

{{Cite conference| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F.| last2 = Panagos| first2 = J.| title = TRIO User's Handbook| date = 1987}}

1986

Ritter, F., & Panagos, J. (1986). The Yale Loop package: A clause based loop written in Common Lisp. Available from CL-Utilities-Request@cs.

Available from CL-Utilities-request@cs

@article{ritter1986yale,
title = {The {Yale} {Loop} package: {A} clause based loop written in {Common} {Lisp}},
journal = {Available from CL-Utilities-request@cs},
author = {Ritter, F. and Panagos, J.},
year = {1986}
}

{{Cite journal| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F.| last2 = Panagos| first2 = J.| title = The Yale Loop package: A clause based loop written in Common Lisp| journal = Available from CL-Utilities-request@cs| date = 1986}}

Feurzeig, W., Massey, D., Downes-Martin, S., & Ritter, F. (1985). TRIO to INCOFT Adaptation Study (No. 6194). BBN Technologies.

@techreport{feurzeig1985trio,
title = {{TRIO} to {INCOFT} {Adaptation} {Study}},
number = {6194},
institution = {BBN Technologies},
author = {Feurzeig, W. and Massey, D. and Downes-Martin, S. and Ritter, F.},
year = {1985}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = BBN Technologies| last1 = Feurzeig| first1 = W.| last2 = Massey| first2 = D.| last3 = Downes-Martin| first3 = S.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F.| title = TRIO to INCOFT Adaptation Study| date = 1985}}

Ritter, F. E., Kennedy, W. G., & Best, B. J. (n.d.). The best papers from BRIMS 2011: Models of users and teams interacting, 19(3), 283–287.

@article{ritternodatebest,
title = {The best papers from {BRIMS} 2011: {Models} of users and teams interacting},
volume = {19},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKBip.pdf},
number = {3},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kennedy, W. G. and Best, B. J.},
pages = {283--287}
}

{{Cite journal| volume = 19| issue = 3| pages = 283–287| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kennedy| first2 = W. G.| last3 = Best| first3 = B. J.| title = The best papers from BRIMS 2011: Models of users and teams interacting}}

Fang, Q., Liu, P., Morgan, J. H., Yen, J., Shemanski, D., & Ritter, F. E. (n.d.). A threaded event-based simulation approach to analyzing the intelligence on WMD attacks. Fifth IFIP WG 11.10 Int’l Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection.

@inproceedings{fangnodatethreaded,
title = {A threaded event-based simulation approach to analyzing the intelligence on {WMD} attacks},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/fangLYMSR11.pdf},
publisher = {Fifth IFIP WG 11.10 Int'l Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection},
author = {Fang, Q. and Liu, P. and Morgan, J. H. and Yen, J. and Shemanski, D. and Ritter, F. E.}
}

{{Cite conference| publisher = Fifth IFIP WG 11.10 Int'l Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection| last1 = Fang| first1 = Q.| last2 = Liu| first2 = P.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Yen| first4 = J.| last5 = Shemanski| first5 = D.| last6 = Ritter| first6 = F. E.| title = A threaded event-based simulation approach to analyzing the intelligence on WMD attacks}}

Ritter, F. E., Wood, A., & Fox, D. (n.d.). Dismal, a spreadsheet for GNU Emacs. Available from the Elisp library at the GNU server.

4KATF6MA MGID93AS year__ type__book ""

@book{ritternodatedismal,
address = {Available from the Elisp library at the GNU server},
title = {Dismal, a spreadsheet for {GNU} {Emacs}.},
url = {http://www.gnu.org/software/dismal/},
author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wood, A. and Fox, D.}
}

{{Cite book| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Wood| first2 = A.| last3 = Fox| first3 = D.| title = Dismal, a spreadsheet for GNU Emacs.| location = Available from the Elisp library at the GNU server}}

Christou, G., Ritter, F. E., & Jacob, R. J. K. (n.d.). Knowledge-based usability evaluation for reality-based interaction.

@incollection{christounodateknowledge-based,
title = {Knowledge-based usability evaluation for reality-based interaction},
url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/christouRJ09.pdf},
author = {Christou, G. and Ritter, F. E. and Jacob, R. J. K.}
}

{{Cite book| last1 = Christou| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Jacob| first3 = R. J. K.| chapter = Knowledge-based usability evaluation for reality-based interaction}}